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==Taxonomy==
==Taxonomy==
It is known as ''Maras kurtkulağı'' in [[Turkish language|Turkish]].<ref name=marasposta/><ref>{{cite web|title=NEWS Maras Kurtkulağı News|url=http://www.marastanhaber.com.tr/Maraş Kurtkulağı-haberleri.htm|publisher=marastanhaber.com.tr|accessdate=3 March 2018}}</ref> and it is written in [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] as איריס קירקווד .<ref>{{cite web|title=Iris kirkwoodiae - איריס קירקווד |url=https://jbg.gardenexplorer.org/taxon-7851.aspx |publisher=jbg.gardenexplorer.org |accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref>
It is known as ''Maras kurtkulağı'' in [[Turkish language|Turkish]].<ref name=marasposta/>


Specimens of the iris were collected by E. K. Balls and also by S. Albury, M. Cheese, and J. Watson in 1966, from Bishmishly, Northern Syria and [[Nur Mountains|Amanus Mountains]], Turkey.<ref name=american/> It was then originally described and published as ''Iris kirkwoodii'' in '[[Botaniska Notiser]]', Vol.125 Issue 4 on page 499 in 1972.<ref name=plantlist/><ref name=american/><ref name=ipni>{{cite web |title=Iridaceae Iris kirkwoodiae Chaudhary |url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=438758-1 |publisher=ipni.org (International Plant Names Index) |accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref>


The [[Botanical name#Binary name|specific epithet]] ''kirkwoodii'', refers to Mrs Grace Kirkwood. A botanist along with Shaukat A. Chaudhary and Carolyne Weymouth first published and described other 'Section Oncocyclus' irises ''[[Iris assadiana]]'' and ''[[Iris swensoniana]]''. With the [[Author citation (botany)|standard form]] of G.Kirkw.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kirkwood, Grace (fl. 1975) |url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idAuthorSearch.do?id=20002926-2 |publisher=ipni.org (International Plant Names Index) |accessdate=3 January 2018}}</ref> It was later published in Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1984). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 8: 381-450. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.<ref name=american/>


The spelling of the iris was corrected in accordance with Melbourne ICN Art. 60.12 and Rec. 60C.1(b) in 2011 to ''Iris kirkwoodiae'', because Grace Kirkwood was a women but much of the older published literature has the old spelling as I. Kirkwoodii.<ref name=american/><ref name=ipni/><ref name=aril>{{cite web |title=Aril Irises |url=http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/ArilIrises |publisher=pacificbulbsociety.org |accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref><ref name=grin>{{GRIN | accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref>
Iris kirkwoodiae Chaudhary was originally published as Iris kirkwoodii but named after Mrs Grace Kirkwood so the spelling of the name has been corrected. It is an iris in the Oncocyclus section from Northern Syria and Turkey.
<ref name=aril>{{cite web |title=Aril Irises |url=http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/ArilIrises |publisher=pacificbulbsociety.org |accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref>


''Iris kirkwoodiae'' was verified by [[United States Department of Agriculture]] and the [[Agricultural Research Service]] on 4 April 2003, then updated 21 May 2013.<ref name=grin/> Although ''Iris kirkwoodii''is listed in the [[Royal Horticultural Society|RHS]] Plant Finder 2017 and it is a tentatively accepted name.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iris kirkwoodii |url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/50144/Iris-kirkwoodii/Details |publisher=www.rhs.org.uk| accessdate=3 March 2018}}</ref>
⚫
I paradoxa, I. iberica, I. barnumiae, I. kirkwoodiae, I. sofarana were resolved as [[monophyletic]].<ref name="Wilson"/>
⚫
i k subs calcerea<ref name="Wilson"/>


⚫
In 'Section Oncocyclus' irises ''[[Iris paradoxa]]'', ''[[Iris iberica]], ''[[Iris barnumiae]]'', ''I. kirkwoodiae'', ''[[Iris sofarana]]'' were resolved as [[monophyletic]].<ref name="Wilson"/>
1972, Botanical Author Chaudhary
Iris kirkwoodii Chaud. (Collected by E. K. Balls and later S. Albury, M. Cheese, and J. Watson, 1966, Bishmishly, Northern Syria and Amanus Mountains, Turkey), Collection # A.C.W. 845. <ref name=american/>
Section Oncocyclus ; Described by Chaudhary in Botaniska Notisier, 125(4): 499 (1972);
Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1984). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 8: 381-450. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. <ref name=american/>
⚫
Synonyms
Note properly named I. kirkwoodiae because Grace Kirkwood was a women but much of the literature has the old spelling as I. Kirkwoodii.
⚫
Iris kirkwoodiae var. macrotepala Chaudhary, G.Kirkw. & C.Weymouth, Bot. Not. 128: 387 (1975 publ. 1976 <ref name=american/>


There are 2 well known [[subspecies]] of ''Iris Kirkwoodiae'';
Taxon
Iris kirkwoodiae


* ''Iris Kirkwoodiae'' calcarea (or ''Iris calcerea''.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Tabbaa|first1=Dr. Darem|title=Syrian Iris Flowers for the celebration of the International Day for Biodiversity 2009|url=https://www.cbd.int/doc/bioday/2009/idb-2009-syria-iris-en.pdf|publisher=cbd.int|accessdate=3 March 2018}}</ref>)
⚫
* ''Iris Kirkwoodiae'' macrotepala.<ref name=irisbotanique/>


Iris kirkwoodiae - איריס קירקווד
Common name: איריס קירקווד
Family: Iridaceae (Iris)
https://jbg.gardenexplorer.org/taxon-7851.aspx
|accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref>


Iridaceae Iris kirkwoodiae Chaudhary
Bot. Not. 125(4): 499. 1972
Distribution:


Remarks: Published as 'kirkwoodii', but named after Mrs Grace Kirkwood.
http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=438758-1
<ref name=ipni>{{cite web |title=Iridaceae Iris kirkwoodiae Chaudhary |url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=438758-1 |publisher=ipni.org (International Plant Names Index) |accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref>


with heavily spotted and veined flowers on tall stems. Each bloom is some 12cm across and has a virtually white background colour very heavily overlaid with deep purple-black. The signal patch is also deep purple and is surrounded by long purple hairs. As a rule the standards are paler with a pink tinge and deeper veins.
The Latin [[Botanical name#Binary name|specific epithet]] ''korolkowii'' refers to
<ref>{{cite web|title=Iris kirkwoodii calcarea|url=https://www.rareplants.co.uk/product/iris-kirkwoodii-calcarea/|publisher=rareplants.co.uk|accessdate=3 March 2018}}</ref>


⚫
Botanical Synonyms:
It was first published and described by [[Eduard August von Regel|Regel]] in
Iris kirkwoodii spp. calcarea, Iris calcarea
2n = 20
<ref>{{cite web|last1=Achilles|first1=H. ,|title=Iris kirkwoodiae spp. calcarea|url=http://www.signa.org/index.pl?Iris-kirkwoodiae-spp.-calcarea|website=11 May 2007|publisher=signa.org|accessdate=3 March 2018}}</ref>


Bot. Not. 125: 499 1972<ref name=plantlist/>
Bot. Not. 125:499. 1972 "kirkwoodii"
Comments:
• named for Mrs. Grace Kirkwood, as verified from original literature
• spelling corrected in accordance with Melbourne ICN Art. 60.12 and Rec. 60C.1(b)
Name Verified on: 04-Apr-2003 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last Changed: 21-May-2013
<ref name=grin>{{GRIN | accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref>


⚫
i k subs calcerea<ref name="Wilson"/>
Kirkwood, Grace (fl. 1975)
Standard Form:
G.Kirkw.
http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idAuthorSearch.do?id=20002926-2| accessdate=3 January 2018}}</ref>
''[[Iris assadiana]]'' and ''[[Iris swensoniana]]'' one of the botanists Shaukat A. Chaudhary, Grace Kirkwood & Carolyne Weymouth


Iris kirkwoodii
Listed in the RHS Plant Finder
Name Status - Tentatively accepted name
It is an accepted name by the [[Royal Horticultural Society|RHS]].<ref name=rhs>{{cite web |title=Iris korolkowii |url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/9289/Iris-korolkowii/Details |publisher=www.rhs.org.uk| accessdate=3 January 2018}}</ref>


⚫
Iris kirkwoodiae var. macrotepala Chaudhary, G.Kirkw. & C.Weymouth, Bot. Not. 128: 387 (1975 publ. 1976 <ref name=american/>
⚫
Iris susiana bloomed in the garden, one of its close relatives (perhaps one of its parents) bloomed up at my community garden plots. Ever since I learned about it years ago, I've been on the hunt for a reasonably priced rhizome of this one, Iris kirkwoodiae. It's very similar to Iris susiana; in fact, that long endured longing for the mourning iris is now largely assuaged
⚫
http://mcwort.blogspot.co.uk/2016/05/iris-kirkwoodii-iris-kirkwoodii-iris.html| accessdate=3 January 2018}}</ref>
Sunday, May 8, 2016
Iris kirkwoodiae


var macropetala has longer leaes and slightly different flowers, <ref name=british/>
var macropetala has longer leaes and slightly different flowers, <ref name=british/>
Line 156: Line 125:
beard.
beard.



It should be noted that there are several subspecies of Iris Kirkwoodii, two of which are more well known:<ref name=irisbotanique/>

-Iris Kirkwoodii Calcarea:
⚫
Iris susiana bloomed in the garden, one of its close relatives (perhaps one of its parents) bloomed up at my community garden plots. Ever since I learned about it years ago, I've been on the hunt for a reasonably priced rhizome of this one, Iris kirkwoodiae. It's very similar to Iris susiana; in fact, that long endured longing for the mourning iris is now largely assuaged
⚫
-Iris Kirkwoodii Macrotépala:<ref name=irisbotanique/>
⚫
<ref>{{cite web |title=Iris kirkwoodiae |url=http://mcwort.blogspot.co.uk/2016/05/iris-kirkwoodii-iris-kirkwoodii-iris.html |date=8 May 2016 |publisher=blogspot.co.uk |accessdate=3 January 2018}}</ref>


==Distribution and habitat==
==Distribution and habitat==

Revision as of 22:29, 3 March 2018

Iris kirkwoodiae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Monocots
Order:
Asparagales
Family:
Iridaceae
Subfamily:
Iridoideae
Tribe:
Irideae
Genus:
Iris
Subgenus:
Iris
Section:
Regelia
Species:
Iris kirkwoodiae
Binomial name
Iris kirkwoodiae
Synonyms
  • Iris kirkwoodiae subsp. kirkwoodiae
  • Iris kirkwoodiae var. macrotepala Chaudhary, G.Kirkw. & C.Weymouth [1]

Iris kirkwoodiae (or Iris kirkwoodii) is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the Regelia section. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Syria and Turkey.


White or pale greenish flowers covered with dark purple veins or dots, deep purple round signal, beard long brown/purple hairs

the mountains of Tien Shan, Pamir and Altai, in Afghanistan and Turkestan (now part of Uzbekistan). It has long, sword-shaped grey-green leaves, slender stem, and 2 to 3 white, cream, pale green or light purple flowers which are veined with maroon, chocolate brown or dark purple. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Description

it is close in size to iris gatesii but has heavily veined dark purple flowers, the plants in Maras, turkey seem to be the largest flowered [2] Somewhat intermediate between Iris gatesii and the dark-veined, more southern species centred on Iris sofarana.[3]


It has a stout and compact rhizome,[2] The stoloniferous rhizomes, iris Kirkwoodii are small sizes, 1cm to 2cm. Long secondary roots leave the underground stem to search for mineral salts in depth.[4]

leaves 6-7, to 30cm long, 0.5-1.5cm wide, falcate,[2] Sickle leaves, short small, 2cm and low, banded towards the ground, (crescent). They contrast completely with the huge flowers.[4]

tall with sphere-like flower [5] 30" (75 cm). [6] up to 34"(75 cm), [7] stem 50-75cm tall, [2] About 30-40 cm tall [3]

flowering may-April[2] Open in April-May with flowers, [8] the huge flowered [9] sphere-like flower [5] A flower may appear, early April another late late May,[4]


White or pale greenish,veined and dotted dark purple; deep purple signal; purple or brownish-purple beard. [6] White or pale greenish flowers covered with dark purple veins or dots, deep purple round signal, beard long brown/purple hairs. [7] flowers 13-18cm in diameter, the standards paler than the falls, standards 7-10.5 cm long, 6-8.2 cm wide, spotted and veined deep purple on a whittish or greenish background, obovate with a small round signal patch, sparse beard, 1.5-2.5 cm broad, of purplish-black, red-brown or yellow hairs,[2] Extraordinary showy purplish-black colored big Maras Kurtkulagı Open in April-May with flowers, [8] with huge flowers with tucked-in falls. Standards veined & stippled with violet on a whitish ground. Falls veined with deep purple. [3] These flourish between April and May. so it will be questionable to remove the plant parts before the end of June. The iris flower Kirkwoodii is voluminous, about 12cm. It is beige, and extremely covered with purple-black veins. Falls seem more veined than petals. On the sepals a more or less round signal of violet color, frames a slight brown beard. Purplish brown, purplish veined, they are pleasantly scented. The whole flower is ruffled and embossed.[4]

style arms with erect or reflexed lobes, [2]

capsule about 9cm long,[2]




Biochemistry

As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.[10]: 18  It was counted as 2n=20,[4][6] by Avishai and Zohary in 1977.[5]

Taxonomy

It is known as Maras kurtkulağı in Turkish.[8][11] and it is written in Hebrew as איריס קירקווד .[12]

Specimens of the iris were collected by E. K. Balls and also by S. Albury, M. Cheese, and J. Watson in 1966, from Bishmishly, Northern Syria and Amanus Mountains, Turkey.[7] It was then originally described and published as Iris kirkwoodii in 'Botaniska Notiser', Vol.125 Issue 4 on page 499 in 1972.[1][7][13]

The specific epithet kirkwoodii, refers to Mrs Grace Kirkwood. A botanist along with Shaukat A. Chaudhary and Carolyne Weymouth first published and described other 'Section Oncocyclus' irises Iris assadiana and Iris swensoniana. With the standard form of G.Kirkw.[14] It was later published in Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1984). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 8: 381-450. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.[7]

The spelling of the iris was corrected in accordance with Melbourne ICN Art. 60.12 and Rec. 60C.1(b) in 2011 to Iris kirkwoodiae, because Grace Kirkwood was a women but much of the older published literature has the old spelling as I. Kirkwoodii.[7][13][15][16]

Iris kirkwoodiae was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 4 April 2003, then updated 21 May 2013.[16] Although Iris kirkwoodiiis listed in the RHS Plant Finder 2017 and it is a tentatively accepted name.[17]

In 'Section Oncocyclus' irises Iris paradoxa, Iris iberica, Iris barnumiae, I. kirkwoodiae, Iris sofarana were resolved as monophyletic.[5]

There are 2 well known subspecies of Iris Kirkwoodiae;

  • Iris Kirkwoodiae calcarea (or Iris calcerea.[18])
  • Iris Kirkwoodiae macrotepala.[4]



with heavily spotted and veined flowers on tall stems. Each bloom is some 12cm across and has a virtually white background colour very heavily overlaid with deep purple-black. The signal patch is also deep purple and is surrounded by long purple hairs. As a rule the standards are paler with a pink tinge and deeper veins. [19]

Botanical Synonyms: Iris kirkwoodii spp. calcarea, Iris calcarea 2n = 20 [20]


i k subs calcerea[5]


Iris kirkwoodiae var. macrotepala Chaudhary, G.Kirkw. & C.Weymouth, Bot. Not. 128: 387 (1975 publ. 1976 [7]

var macropetala has longer leaes and slightly different flowers, [2]

var. macrotepala Chaudh. Syria. Similar to I. kirkwoodi subsp. kirkwoodii Chaudh. but with larger falls, purple or golden beard. [6]

subsp. calcarea Dinsm. ex Chaudh. Northern Syria. Standards light blue, veined dark purple; falls pale green, veined and dotted dark purplish-red; velvety maroon signal; maroon beard.


Iris susiana bloomed in the garden, one of its close relatives (perhaps one of its parents) bloomed up at my community garden plots. Ever since I learned about it years ago, I've been on the hunt for a reasonably priced rhizome of this one, Iris kirkwoodiae. It's very similar to Iris susiana; in fact, that long endured longing for the mourning iris is now largely assuaged [21]

Distribution and habitat

Iris kirkwoodii is native to temperate areas of western Asia.[16][13]

Range

It is found in Syria,[5][8][13] (near Aleppo,[9][3] Bismishly and el Bara,[2]) Turkey,[16][4][22] (within the districts of Maras,[8][23] Gazintep and Hatay,[2][8]) and Lebanon.[13]

Habitat

It grows on the limestone rocks,[3][9] and stones,[2] and between cultivated fields.[3] It is normally found at 750–1,700 m (2,460–5,580 ft) above sea level.[2]

Conservation

rare,[4] This rare plant, which has a narrow spread, is rapidly losing its natural habitat on Mount Ahır. The future of the plant is in danger because of the construction of the slopes of the mountain with houses, transformation into vineyards and gardens, and road construction. In order to draw attention to this danger,[8]

Cultivation

It likes to grow in

She likes rocks, which undergo a summer drought.[4] A vigorous plant, possibly needing richer treatment than the Iranian steppe-species.[3]

and is hardy, but not as hardy as other bulbs in the series.

Hybrids and cultivars

Iris kirkwoodii variations 'Calcarea', ' Macrotepala', [7]

Iris kirkwoodii crosses, 'Code Of Silence', 'Delicate Embroidery', 'Diamond Tiara',[24] 'Engraved Invitation' (I. calcarea x I. yebrudii v. edgecombii),[25] 'Known Only To Him', 'Prim And Proper'.[7]

Toxicity

Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), if mistakenly ingested can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause a skin irritation or an allergic reaction.[26]

References

  1. ^ a b "Iris kirkwoodiae Chaudhary is an accepted name". theplantlist.org (The Plant List). 23 March 2012. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m British Iris Society (1997) A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation, p. 79, at Google Books
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "Iris kirkwoodii kirkwoodii JJA.590.256". rareplants.co.uk. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Chapter I (Part 5) Oncocyclus II" (in French). irisbotanique.over-blog.com. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Wilson, Carol A.; Padiernos, Justin; Sapir, Yuval (February 2016). "The royal irises (Iris subg. Iris sect. Oncocyclus): Plastid and low-copy nuclear data contribute to an understanding of their phylogenetic relationships". Taxon. 65 (1): 35–46. doi:10.12705/651.3. Retrieved 4 January 2018.
  6. ^ a b c d "Iris summary" (PDF). pacificbulbsociety.org. 14 April 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i Pries, Bob (26 August 2016). "(SPEC) Iris kirkwoodiae Chaud". wiki.irises.org (American Iris Society). Retrieved 2 January 2018. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  8. ^ a b c d e f g "PROJECT FOR MARAŞ KURTKULAĞI" (in Turkish). marasposta.com. 31 May 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
  9. ^ a b c Basak Gardner & Chris Gardner Flora of the Silk Road: The Complete Illustrated Guide, p. 201, at Google Books
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference ClaireAustin was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Kurtkulağı-haberleri.htm "NEWS Maras Kurtkulağı News". marastanhaber.com.tr. Retrieved 3 March 2018. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  12. ^ "Iris kirkwoodiae - איריס קירקווד". jbg.gardenexplorer.org. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
  13. ^ a b c d e "Iridaceae Iris kirkwoodiae Chaudhary". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). Retrieved 2 January 2018.
  14. ^ "Kirkwood, Grace (fl. 1975)". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  15. ^ "Aril Irises". pacificbulbsociety.org. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
  16. ^ a b c d "Iris kirkwoodiae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
  17. ^ "Iris kirkwoodii". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  18. ^ Tabbaa, Dr. Darem. "Syrian Iris Flowers for the celebration of the International Day for Biodiversity 2009" (PDF). cbd.int. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  19. ^ "Iris kirkwoodii calcarea". rareplants.co.uk. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  20. ^ Achilles, H. ,. "Iris kirkwoodiae spp. calcarea". 11 May 2007. signa.org. Retrieved 3 March 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  21. ^ "Iris kirkwoodiae". blogspot.co.uk. 8 May 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  22. ^ "Conserving wild plants and habitats for people in the South and East Mediterranean (IPA-Med)". rubiconfoundation.org. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
  23. ^ "Plant love in Turkey: from field monitoring to handcrafts design". uicnmed.org. August 2016. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
  24. ^ Pries, Bob (24 April 2017). "(AR) 'Diamond Tiara'". American Iris Society. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  25. ^ McAllister, Sharon. "(AB) 'Engraved Invitation'". 25 March 2017. American Iris Society. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  26. ^ David G Spoerke and Susan C. Smolinske Toxicity of Houseplants, p. 236, at Google Books

Other sources

  • Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988 (F Turk)
  • Mathew, B. The Iris. 1981 (Iris) 53-54.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Iris kirkwoodi.

Data related to Iris kirkwoodi at Wikispecies

kirkwoodi korolkowii ;Category:Flora of Afghanistan ;Category:Flora of Kazakhstan ;Category:Flora of Central Asia ;Category:Flora of Uzbekistan ;Category:Garden plants of Asia ;Category:Plants described in 1873

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