Mong Ton: Difference between revisions
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'''Mong Ton''', also known historically as '''Möngtung''' and '''Maington''', is a town and seat of [[Mong Tong Township]] in [[Mong Hsat District]], [[Shan State]] in eastern [[Myanmar]] near the border with [[Thailand]]. ''Mong'' is equivalent to '''[[Mueang]]'''. It is served by [[Mong Ton Airport]].<ref>[http://www.world-airport-codes.com/myanmar/mong-ton-8607.html World Airport Codes]</ref> It is located in the [[Daen Lao Range]], in the southern part of the [[Shan State]], east of the [[Salween River]]. Mong Ton lies on the National Highway 45 and is also connected to [[Mong Hsat]] by National Highway 49 which begins to the north-east of the town.<ref>[http://www.maplandia.com/burma/shan/mong-tung/mong-ton/ Maplandia World Gazetteer]</ref> |
'''Mong Ton''', also known historically as '''Möngtung''' and '''Maington''', is a town and seat of [[Mong Tong Township]] in [[Mong Hsat District]], [[Shan State]] in eastern [[Myanmar]] near the border with [[Thailand]]. ''Mong'' is equivalent to '''[[Mueang]]'''. It is served by [[Mong Ton Airport]].<ref>[http://www.world-airport-codes.com/myanmar/mong-ton-8607.html World Airport Codes] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091212033310/http://www.world-airport-codes.com/myanmar/mong-ton-8607.html |date=2009-12-12 }}</ref> It is located in the [[Daen Lao Range]], in the southern part of the [[Shan State]], east of the [[Salween River]]. Mong Ton lies on the National Highway 45 and is also connected to [[Mong Hsat]] by National Highway 49 which begins to the north-east of the town.<ref>[http://www.maplandia.com/burma/shan/mong-tung/mong-ton/ Maplandia World Gazetteer]</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Mong Ton has had a turbulent and unstable history.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Lintner, Bertil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AYBuAAAAMAAJ&q=Mong+Ton&dq=Mong+Ton&cd=5|title=Burma in revolt: opium and insurgency since 1948|publisher=Westview Press|page=224|year=1994 | isbn=978-0-8133-2344-2}}</ref> According to Shan tradition [[Naresuan|King Naresuan]] was cremated and his ashes interred in a [[stupa]] in Mong Ton.<ref>The Nation, [http://www.nationmultimedia.com/2006/04/30/headlines/headlines_30002880.php Warrior king remains a very modern mystery], 30 April 2006</ref> in 1888, when the area was part of [[British Burma]], Möngtung, Möng Hang, Möng Hat and Möng Kyawt, were claimed by [[Siam]] and were occupied secretly by Siamese troops. A fifth district, Möng Hsat, was also claimed by Siam, but no garrisons were posted there.<ref>[http://www.gutenberg.org/files/45915/45915-h/45915-h.htm The Pacification of Burma, by Sir Charles Haukes Todd Crosthwaite]</ref> The districts were [[annexed]] by Thailand in 1942, following the [[Japanese invasion of Burma]] and were added to the [[Saharat Thai Doem]] territory. They were returned to [[British Burma]] at the end of [[World War II]].<ref>[http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?f=65&t=60485&start=30 Axis History Forum - Thailand]</ref> |
Mong Ton has had a turbulent and unstable history.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Lintner, Bertil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AYBuAAAAMAAJ&q=Mong+Ton&dq=Mong+Ton&cd=5|title=Burma in revolt: opium and insurgency since 1948|publisher=Westview Press|page=224|year=1994 | isbn=978-0-8133-2344-2}}</ref> According to Shan tradition [[Naresuan|King Naresuan]] was cremated and his ashes interred in a [[stupa]] in Mong Ton.<ref>The Nation, [http://www.nationmultimedia.com/2006/04/30/headlines/headlines_30002880.php Warrior king remains a very modern mystery] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617062149/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/2006/04/30/headlines/headlines_30002880.php |date=2011-06-17 }}, 30 April 2006</ref> in 1888, when the area was part of [[British Burma]], Möngtung, Möng Hang, Möng Hat and Möng Kyawt, were claimed by [[Siam]] and were occupied secretly by Siamese troops. A fifth district, Möng Hsat, was also claimed by Siam, but no garrisons were posted there.<ref>[http://www.gutenberg.org/files/45915/45915-h/45915-h.htm The Pacification of Burma, by Sir Charles Haukes Todd Crosthwaite]</ref> The districts were [[annexed]] by Thailand in 1942, following the [[Japanese invasion of Burma]] and were added to the [[Saharat Thai Doem]] territory. They were returned to [[British Burma]] at the end of [[World War II]].<ref>[http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?f=65&t=60485&start=30 Axis History Forum - Thailand]</ref> |
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More recently there have been conflicts between the [[Shan State Army – South]] (SSA-S) and the [[Tatmadaw|Myanmar Armed Forces]], although the problem is worse in the [[Kyethi]], [[Mongkung]], and [[Laihka, Mong Tong|Laihka]] Townships.<ref name="tbbc">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbbc.org/idps/borderstates.htm|title=Southern Shan State|publisher=Thailand Burma Border Consortium|accessdate=February 28, 2010}}</ref> In Mong Ton and [[Mong Hsat Township]], the SPDC has demanded the removal of some UWSA military outposts and the Burmese Army is exerting more pressure on Lahu militias to conscript more soldiers and prepare to fight both the SSA–S and the UWSA.<ref name="tbbc"/> The SPDC supported three basic military training courses for the Lahu militia in Mong Ton during 2009.<ref name="tbbc"/> |
More recently there have been conflicts between the [[Shan State Army – South]] (SSA-S) and the [[Tatmadaw|Myanmar Armed Forces]], although the problem is worse in the [[Kyethi]], [[Mongkung]], and [[Laihka, Mong Tong|Laihka]] Townships.<ref name="tbbc">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbbc.org/idps/borderstates.htm|title=Southern Shan State|publisher=Thailand Burma Border Consortium|accessdate=February 28, 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100328135718/http://www.tbbc.org/idps/borderstates.htm|archivedate=March 28, 2010|df=}}</ref> In Mong Ton and [[Mong Hsat Township]], the SPDC has demanded the removal of some UWSA military outposts and the Burmese Army is exerting more pressure on Lahu militias to conscript more soldiers and prepare to fight both the SSA–S and the UWSA.<ref name="tbbc"/> The SPDC supported three basic military training courses for the Lahu militia in Mong Ton during 2009.<ref name="tbbc"/> |
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Given its location near the border with Thailand and internal conflict, the Myanmar Armed Forces have the important IB277 military base just outside the town. There are five Burmese army battalions in Mong Ton town alone.<ref name="FBR">[http://www.taigress.info/politics/p_82.html Free Burma Rangers]</ref> Trafficking of [[narcotics]] is a major problem in Mong Ton and Burma is the number two opium producer in the world after [[Afghanistan]], and one of the leading producers of amphetamines in South East Asia.<ref name="FBR"/> The [[Free Burma Rangers]] have alleged that the army is involved in the production and trafficking of narcotics in order to profit from the trade in opium, heroin and amphetamines.<ref name="FBR"/> Opium is cultivated and it is not only processed for trade abroad it is also consumed by some local villagers and has created drug addiction problems.<ref name="FBR"/> |
Given its location near the border with Thailand and internal conflict, the Myanmar Armed Forces have the important IB277 military base just outside the town. There are five Burmese army battalions in Mong Ton town alone.<ref name="FBR">[http://www.taigress.info/politics/p_82.html Free Burma Rangers] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121202518/http://www.taigress.info/politics/p_82.html |date=2008-11-21 }}</ref> Trafficking of [[narcotics]] is a major problem in Mong Ton and Burma is the number two opium producer in the world after [[Afghanistan]], and one of the leading producers of amphetamines in South East Asia.<ref name="FBR"/> The [[Free Burma Rangers]] have alleged that the army is involved in the production and trafficking of narcotics in order to profit from the trade in opium, heroin and amphetamines.<ref name="FBR"/> Opium is cultivated and it is not only processed for trade abroad it is also consumed by some local villagers and has created drug addiction problems.<ref name="FBR"/> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 12:24, 4 February 2018
Mong Ton | |
|---|---|
Town | |
  Mong Ton | |
| Coordinates: 20°18′N 98°56′E / 20.300°N 98.933°E | |
| Country |  Burma |
| State | Shan State |
| District | Mong Hsat District |
| Township | Mong Tong Township |
| Time zone | UTC+6:30 (MMT) |
Mong Ton, also known historically as Möngtung and Maington, is a town and seat of Mong Tong Township in Mong Hsat District, Shan State in eastern Myanmar near the border with Thailand. Mong is equivalent to Mueang. It is served by Mong Ton Airport.[1] It is located in the Daen Lao Range, in the southern part of the Shan State, east of the Salween River. Mong Ton lies on the National Highway 45 and is also connected to Mong Hsat by National Highway 49 which begins to the north-east of the town.[2]
History
Mong Ton has had a turbulent and unstable history.[3] According to Shan tradition King Naresuan was cremated and his ashes interred in a stupa in Mong Ton.[4] in 1888, when the area was part of British Burma, Möngtung, Möng Hang, Möng Hat and Möng Kyawt, were claimed by Siam and were occupied secretly by Siamese troops. A fifth district, Möng Hsat, was also claimed by Siam, but no garrisons were posted there.[5] The districts were annexed by Thailand in 1942, following the Japanese invasion of Burma and were added to the Saharat Thai Doem territory. They were returned to British Burma at the end of World War II.[6]
More recently there have been conflicts between the Shan State Army – South (SSA-S) and the Myanmar Armed Forces, although the problem is worse in the Kyethi, Mongkung, and Laihka Townships.[7] In Mong Ton and Mong Hsat Township, the SPDC has demanded the removal of some UWSA military outposts and the Burmese Army is exerting more pressure on Lahu militias to conscript more soldiers and prepare to fight both the SSA–S and the UWSA.[7] The SPDC supported three basic military training courses for the Lahu militia in Mong Ton during 2009.[7]
Given its location near the border with Thailand and internal conflict, the Myanmar Armed Forces have the important IB277 military base just outside the town. There are five Burmese army battalions in Mong Ton town alone.[8] Trafficking of narcotics is a major problem in Mong Ton and Burma is the number two opium producer in the world after Afghanistan, and one of the leading producers of amphetamines in South East Asia.[8] The Free Burma Rangers have alleged that the army is involved in the production and trafficking of narcotics in order to profit from the trade in opium, heroin and amphetamines.[8] Opium is cultivated and it is not only processed for trade abroad it is also consumed by some local villagers and has created drug addiction problems.[8]
References
- ^ World Airport Codes Archived 2009-12-12 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Maplandia World Gazetteer
- ^ Lintner, Bertil (1994). Burma in revolt: opium and insurgency since 1948. Westview Press. p. 224. ISBN 978-0-8133-2344-2.
- ^ The Nation, Warrior king remains a very modern mystery Archived 2011-06-17 at the Wayback Machine, 30 April 2006
- ^ The Pacification of Burma, by Sir Charles Haukes Todd Crosthwaite
- ^ Axis History Forum - Thailand
- ^ a b c "Southern Shan State". Thailand Burma Border Consortium. Archived from the original on March 28, 2010. Retrieved February 28, 2010.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d Free Burma Rangers Archived 2008-11-21 at the Wayback Machine
