Veromessor pergandei: Difference between revisions
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'''''Messor pergandei''''' is a species of [[harvester ant]] native to the [[Southwestern United States]], especially the [[desert]]s of southeastern [[California]]. It has also been identified in the [[Baja California peninsula]] of [[Mexico]].<ref name=Wheeler>{{cite journal |last1=Wheeler |first1=William Morton |authorlink1=William Morton Wheeler |last2=Creighton |first2=William Steel |year=1934 |title=A study of the ant genera ''Novomessor'' and ''Veromessor'' |journal=Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences |volume=69 |issue=9 |pages=341–387 |url=http://antcat.org/documents/3647/3460.pdf |accessdate=10 January 2013 |doi=10.2307/20023057}}</ref> It was first described by [[Gustav Mayr]], who named it ''Aphaenogaster pergandei''.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mayr |first=Gustav |authorlink=Gustav Mayr |year=1886 |title=Die Formiciden der Vereinigten Staaten von Nordamerika |journal=Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft |volume=36 |pages=419–464 |location=Vienna |url=http://antcat.org/documents/2158/4383.pdf |language=German |accessdate=10 January 2013}}</ref> It has also been referred to as ''Veromessor pergandei''<ref name=Wheeler/> when classified in the ''Veromessor'' genus (a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|junior synonym]] of ''[[Messor]]'').<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antwiki.org/Veromessor |title=''Veromessor'' |publisher=AntWiki |accessdate=10 January 2013}}</ref> It can also be referred to as a '''black harvester ant''' or '''desert harvester ant''', although these [[common name]]s have also been applied to other species.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lighton |first1=J.R. |last2=Bartholomew |first2=G.A. |authorlink2=George Bartholomew (biologist) |year=1988 |title=Standard energy metabolism of a desert harvester ant, ''Pogonomyrmex rugosus'': Effects of temperature, body mass, group size, and humidity |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |volume=85 |issue=13 |pages=4765–4769 |pmid=16593953 |doi=10.1073/pnas.85.13.4765 |pmc=280516}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.orkin.com/ants/harvester-ant/black-harvester-ant/ |title=Black Harvester Ant |publisher=[[Orkin]] |accessdate=10 January 2013}}</ref> |
'''''Messor pergandei''''' is a species of [[harvester ant]] native to the [[Southwestern United States]], especially the [[desert]]s of southeastern [[California]]. It has also been identified in the [[Baja California peninsula]] of [[Mexico]].<ref name=Wheeler>{{cite journal |last1=Wheeler |first1=William Morton |authorlink1=William Morton Wheeler |last2=Creighton |first2=William Steel |year=1934 |title=A study of the ant genera ''Novomessor'' and ''Veromessor'' |journal=Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences |volume=69 |issue=9 |pages=341–387 |url=http://antcat.org/documents/3647/3460.pdf |accessdate=10 January 2013 |doi=10.2307/20023057}}</ref> It was first described by [[Gustav Mayr]], who named it ''Aphaenogaster pergandei''.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mayr |first=Gustav |authorlink=Gustav Mayr |year=1886 |title=Die Formiciden der Vereinigten Staaten von Nordamerika |journal=Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft |volume=36 |pages=419–464 |location=Vienna |url=http://antcat.org/documents/2158/4383.pdf |language=German |accessdate=10 January 2013}}</ref> It has also been referred to as ''Veromessor pergandei''<ref name=Wheeler/> when classified in the ''Veromessor'' genus (a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|junior synonym]] of ''[[Messor]]'').<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antwiki.org/Veromessor |title=''Veromessor'' |publisher=AntWiki |accessdate=10 January 2013}}</ref> It can also be referred to as a '''black harvester ant''' or '''desert harvester ant''', although these [[common name]]s have also been applied to other species.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lighton |first1=J.R. |last2=Bartholomew |first2=G.A. |authorlink2=George Bartholomew (biologist) |year=1988 |title=Standard energy metabolism of a desert harvester ant, ''Pogonomyrmex rugosus'': Effects of temperature, body mass, group size, and humidity |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |volume=85 |issue=13 |pages=4765–4769 |pmid=16593953 |doi=10.1073/pnas.85.13.4765 |pmc=280516}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.orkin.com/ants/harvester-ant/black-harvester-ant/ |title=Black Harvester Ant |publisher=[[Orkin]] |accessdate=10 January 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120830174202/http://www.orkin.com/ants/harvester-ant/black-harvester-ant/ |archivedate=30 August 2012 |df= }}</ref> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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Revision as of 13:59, 26 January 2018
| Messor pergandei | |
|---|---|
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| M. pergandei worker from the United States | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Genus: | Messor |
| Species: | M. pergandei
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| Binomial name | |
| Messor pergandei Mayr, 1886
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Messor pergandei is a species of harvester ant native to the Southwestern United States, especially the deserts of southeastern California. It has also been identified in the Baja California peninsula of Mexico.[1] It was first described by Gustav Mayr, who named it Aphaenogaster pergandei.[2] It has also been referred to as Veromessor pergandei[1] when classified in the Veromessor genus (a junior synonym of Messor).[3] It can also be referred to as a black harvester ant or desert harvester ant, although these common names have also been applied to other species.[4][5]
Description
M. pergandei has a head of equal length and width, with very large mandibles. It has short white or yellow hair and a large thorax. Males typically measure about 8.5 mm (0.33 in) and females about 10 mm (0.39 in).[1] However, individual size can vary based on factors such as availability of food and interspecific competition.[6]
Ecology
Like other harvester ants, M. pergandei gathers fruits and seeds for food. The seeds of perennial shrubs such as Larrea tridentata and Ambrosia dumosa are included in its diet.[7]
References
- ^ a b c Wheeler, William Morton; Creighton, William Steel (1934). "A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor" (PDF). Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 69 (9): 341–387. doi:10.2307/20023057. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
- ^ Mayr, Gustav (1886). "Die Formiciden der Vereinigten Staaten von Nordamerika" (PDF). Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft (in German). 36. Vienna: 419–464. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
- ^ "Veromessor". AntWiki. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
- ^ Lighton, J.R.; Bartholomew, G.A. (1988). "Standard energy metabolism of a desert harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex rugosus: Effects of temperature, body mass, group size, and humidity". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 85 (13): 4765–4769. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.13.4765. PMC 280516. PMID 16593953.
- ^ "Black Harvester Ant". Orkin. Archived from the original on 30 August 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Davidson, Diane W. (1978). "Size variability in the worker caste of a social insect (Veromessor pergandei Mayr) as a function of the competitive environment". The American Naturalist. 112 (985): 523–532. doi:10.1086/283294. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
- ^ Wissinger, Benjamin D. (2012). Perennial shrub and harvester ant responses to environmental gradients in southern California deserts (Thesis). University of Idaho. OCLC 823874661.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Messor pergandei.
Wikispecies has information related to Veromessor pergandei.
- Messor pergandei at AntWeb
- "Oldstyle id: 6879700". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands.