Co-operative Women's Guild: Difference between revisions
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The '''Co-operative Women's Guild''' is an auxiliary organisation of the [[co-operative movement]] in the [[United Kingdom]] which promotes [[women in cooperatives|women in co-operative structures]] and provides social and other services to its members. |
The '''Co-operative Women's Guild''' is an auxiliary organisation of the [[co-operative movement]] in the [[United Kingdom]] which promotes [[women in cooperatives|women in co-operative structures]] and provides social and other services to its members. |
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The guild was founded in 1883 by [[Alice Acland]], who edited the "Women's Corner" of the ''[[Co-operative News]],'' and [[Mary Lawrenson]], a teacher who suggested the creation of an organization to promote instructional and recreational classes for mothers and girls. Acland began organizing a '''Women's League for the Spread of Co-operation''' which held its first formal meeting of 50 women at the 1883 Co-operative Congress in Edinburgh and established local branches.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gaffin|first=Jean|title=Caring & Sharing: The Centenary History of the Co-operative Women's Guild|year=1983|publisher=Nottingham Printers Ltd, Stadium Works|location=Nottingham|isbn=0851951333}}</ref> It began as an organization dedicated to spreading the co-operative movement, but soon expanded beyond the retail-based focus of the movement to organizing political campaigns on women's issues including health and suffrage.<ref>{{cite web|title=Records of the Women's Cooperative Guild (Cooperative Women's Guild)|url=http://archiveshub.ac.uk/features/hullhistory-womenscooperativeguild.html|accessdate=7 April 2013}}</ref> |
The guild was founded in 1883 by [[Alice Acland]], who edited the "Women's Corner" of the ''[[Co-operative News]],'' and [[Mary Lawrenson]], a teacher who suggested the creation of an organization to promote instructional and recreational classes for mothers and girls. Acland began organizing a '''Women's League for the Spread of Co-operation''' which held its first formal meeting of 50 women at the 1883 Co-operative Congress in Edinburgh and established local branches.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gaffin|first=Jean|title=Caring & Sharing: The Centenary History of the Co-operative Women's Guild|year=1983|publisher=Nottingham Printers Ltd, Stadium Works|location=Nottingham|isbn=0851951333}}</ref> It began as an organization dedicated to spreading the co-operative movement, but soon expanded beyond the retail-based focus of the movement to organizing political campaigns on women's issues including health and suffrage.<ref>{{cite web|title=Records of the Women's Cooperative Guild (Cooperative Women's Guild)|url=http://archiveshub.ac.uk/features/hullhistory-womenscooperativeguild.html|accessdate=7 April 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521074536/http://archiveshub.ac.uk/features/hullhistory-womenscooperativeguild.html|archivedate=21 May 2013|df=}}</ref> |
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In 1884 the league changed its name to the '''Women's Co-operative Guild''' and later to the Co-operative Women's Guild. In 1899, [[Margaret Llewelyn Davies]] was elected general secretary of the Guild and was widely credited with greatly increasing the success of the Guild.<ref name=matriarch>{{cite book|last=Blaszak|first=Barbara J.|title=Matriarchs of the movement : female leadership and gender politics within the English cooperative movement|year=2000|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Conn.|isbn=978-0313309953|edition=1. publ.}}</ref> By 1910 it had 32,000 members. Maternity benefits were included in the [[National Insurance Act 1911]] because of the guild's pressure. The guild became more politically active, and expanded its work beyond the British Isles; their objectives included the establishment of minimum wages and maternity benefits, and in April 1914 they were involved in an International Women's Congress at the [[Hague]] which passed a resolution totally opposing war: |
In 1884 the league changed its name to the '''Women's Co-operative Guild''' and later to the Co-operative Women's Guild. In 1899, [[Margaret Llewelyn Davies]] was elected general secretary of the Guild and was widely credited with greatly increasing the success of the Guild.<ref name=matriarch>{{cite book|last=Blaszak|first=Barbara J.|title=Matriarchs of the movement : female leadership and gender politics within the English cooperative movement|year=2000|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Conn.|isbn=978-0313309953|edition=1. publ.}}</ref> By 1910 it had 32,000 members. Maternity benefits were included in the [[National Insurance Act 1911]] because of the guild's pressure. The guild became more politically active, and expanded its work beyond the British Isles; their objectives included the establishment of minimum wages and maternity benefits, and in April 1914 they were involved in an International Women's Congress at the [[Hague]] which passed a resolution totally opposing war: |
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Revision as of 21:34, 15 January 2018
The Co-operative Women's Guild is an auxiliary organisation of the co-operative movement in the United Kingdom which promotes women in co-operative structures and provides social and other services to its members.
The guild was founded in 1883 by Alice Acland, who edited the "Women's Corner" of the Co-operative News, and Mary Lawrenson, a teacher who suggested the creation of an organization to promote instructional and recreational classes for mothers and girls. Acland began organizing a Women's League for the Spread of Co-operation which held its first formal meeting of 50 women at the 1883 Co-operative Congress in Edinburgh and established local branches.[1] It began as an organization dedicated to spreading the co-operative movement, but soon expanded beyond the retail-based focus of the movement to organizing political campaigns on women's issues including health and suffrage.[2]
In 1884 the league changed its name to the Women's Co-operative Guild and later to the Co-operative Women's Guild. In 1899, Margaret Llewelyn Davies was elected general secretary of the Guild and was widely credited with greatly increasing the success of the Guild.[3] By 1910 it had 32,000 members. Maternity benefits were included in the National Insurance Act 1911 because of the guild's pressure. The guild became more politically active, and expanded its work beyond the British Isles; their objectives included the establishment of minimum wages and maternity benefits, and in April 1914 they were involved in an International Women's Congress at the Hague which passed a resolution totally opposing war:
this Conference is of opinion that the terrible method of war should never again be used to settle disputes between nations, and urge that a partnership of nations, with peace as its object, should be established and enforced by the people's will.
After World War I the guild became more involved in peace activism, concentrating especially on the social and political conditions that encouraged or gave rise to war, as well as opposition to the arms trade. In 1933 they introduced the White Poppy as a pacifist alternative to the British Legion's annual red poppy appeal. At this time membership of the guild was at its peak, with 1,500 branches and 72,000 members.
The guild continues with several local branches, although it does not have the visibility within the co-operative movement it once did.
The National Cooperative Women's Guild closed after 133 years on 25 June 2016
References
- ^ Gaffin, Jean (1983). Caring & Sharing: The Centenary History of the Co-operative Women's Guild. Nottingham: Nottingham Printers Ltd, Stadium Works. ISBN 0851951333.
- ^ "Records of the Women's Cooperative Guild (Cooperative Women's Guild)". Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Blaszak, Barbara J. (2000). Matriarchs of the movement : female leadership and gender politics within the English cooperative movement (1. publ. ed.). Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0313309953.