Suro of Geumgwan Gaya: Difference between revisions
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'''Suro''' (수로), or '''Sureung''' (posthumous name: 수릉, 首陵, ? - 199), commonly called '''Gim Suro''', was the legendary founder and king of the state of [[Geumgwan Gaya]] in southeastern [[Korea]].<ref name="ksr bk">{{ko}} [http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=B&i=119393&v=42 King Gim Suro] at Britannica Korea</ref> |
'''Suro''' (수로), or '''Sureung''' (posthumous name: 수릉, 首陵, ? - 199), commonly called '''Gim Suro''', was the legendary founder and king of the state of [[Geumgwan Gaya]] in southeastern [[Korea]].<ref name="ksr bk">{{ko}} [http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=B&i=119393&v=42 King Gim Suro] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610015150/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=B&i=119393&v=42 |date=2011-06-10 }} at Britannica Korea</ref> |
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== Legend == |
== Legend == |
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According to the founding legend of Geumgwan Gaya recorded in the 13th century texts of the chronicle ''Garakguk-gi'' (hangul: 가락국기, hanja: 駕洛國記) of ''[[Samguk Yusa]]'', King Suro was one of six princes born from eggs that descended from the sky in a golden bowl wrapped in red cloth. Suro was the firstborn among them and led the others in setting up 6 states while asserting the leadership of the [[Gaya confederacy]]. |
According to the founding legend of Geumgwan Gaya recorded in the 13th century texts of the chronicle ''Garakguk-gi'' (hangul: 가락국기, hanja: 駕洛國記) of ''[[Samguk Yusa]]'', King Suro was one of six princes born from eggs that descended from the sky in a golden bowl wrapped in red cloth. Suro was the firstborn among them and led the others in setting up 6 states while asserting the leadership of the [[Gaya confederacy]]. |
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<ref name="ksr bk"/><ref name="ksr ekc">{{ko}} [http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=264315&v=42 King Gim Suro] at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture</ref> |
<ref name="ksr bk"/><ref name="ksr ekc">{{ko}} [http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=264315&v=42 King Gim Suro] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610015229/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=264315&v=42 |date=2011-06-10 }} at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture</ref> |
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Also according to legend, King Suro's queen [[Heo Hwang-ok]] was a princess from a distant country called Ayuta (아유타, 阿踰陀; variously identified with [[Ayodhya]] in India<ref name="BBC_memorial_2001">{{cite news | url = http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1205728.stm| title = Korean memorial to Indian princess | date = 2001-05-03 | publisher = BBC News }}</ref><ref>{{ko}} [http://news20.busan.com/news/newsController.jsp?subSectionId=1010090000&newsId=20090130000224 Heo Hwang-ok], Busan Ilbo, 2009-01-31. Retrieved 2010-07-10.</ref> or [[Ayutthaya Kingdom|Ayuhatta]] in Thailand.<ref name="REB_1991">{{cite book |author=Robert E. Buswell |title=Tracing Back the Radiance: Chinul's Korean Way of Zen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EazRC28tdIIC&pg=PA74 |year=1991 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |isbn=978-0-8248-1427-4 |page=74 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Skand R. Tayal |title=India and the Republic of Korea: Engaged Democracies |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yGwwCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT23 |year=2015 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-317-34156-7 |page=23 }}</ref> However, the Indian city was known as Saketa, not Ayodhya, in the ancient period; while the Thai city was not founded until 1350 CE.<ref name="REB_1991"/> |
Also according to legend, King Suro's queen [[Heo Hwang-ok]] was a princess from a distant country called Ayuta (아유타, 阿踰陀; variously identified with [[Ayodhya]] in India<ref name="BBC_memorial_2001">{{cite news | url = http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1205728.stm| title = Korean memorial to Indian princess | date = 2001-05-03 | publisher = BBC News }}</ref><ref>{{ko}} [http://news20.busan.com/news/newsController.jsp?subSectionId=1010090000&newsId=20090130000224 Heo Hwang-ok], Busan Ilbo, 2009-01-31. Retrieved 2010-07-10.</ref> or [[Ayutthaya Kingdom|Ayuhatta]] in Thailand.<ref name="REB_1991">{{cite book |author=Robert E. Buswell |title=Tracing Back the Radiance: Chinul's Korean Way of Zen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EazRC28tdIIC&pg=PA74 |year=1991 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |isbn=978-0-8248-1427-4 |page=74 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Skand R. Tayal |title=India and the Republic of Korea: Engaged Democracies |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yGwwCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT23 |year=2015 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-317-34156-7 |page=23 }}</ref> However, the Indian city was known as Saketa, not Ayodhya, in the ancient period; while the Thai city was not founded until 1350 CE.<ref name="REB_1991"/> |
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===Tomb and descendants=== |
===Tomb and descendants=== |
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A tomb attributed to King Suro is still maintained in modern-day [[Gimhae]].<ref>{{ko}} [http://100.naver.com/100.nhn?docid=96407 Tomb of King Suro] at [[Doosan Encyclopedia]]</ref><ref>{{ko}} [http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=247678&v=43 Tomb of King Suro] at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture</ref> Members of the Gimhae [[Kim (Korean name)|Gim]] clan, who continue to play important roles in Korean life today, trace their ancestry to King Suro, as do members of the Gimhae [[Heo (Korean name)|Heo]] clan; they did not inter-marry until the beginning of the 20th century.<ref>{{ko}} [http://www.surname.kr/gim/gim_su_ro.html Gim of Suro clan], Korean surname info</ref> |
A tomb attributed to King Suro is still maintained in modern-day [[Gimhae]].<ref>{{ko}} [http://100.naver.com/100.nhn?docid=96407 Tomb of King Suro] at [[Doosan Encyclopedia]]</ref><ref>{{ko}} [http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=247678&v=43 Tomb of King Suro] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610015411/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=247678&v=43 |date=2011-06-10 }} at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture</ref> Members of the Gimhae [[Kim (Korean name)|Gim]] clan, who continue to play important roles in Korean life today, trace their ancestry to King Suro, as do members of the Gimhae [[Heo (Korean name)|Heo]] clan; they did not inter-marry until the beginning of the 20th century.<ref>{{ko}} [http://www.surname.kr/gim/gim_su_ro.html Gim of Suro clan], Korean surname info</ref> |
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===Relations with [[Ayodhya]]=== |
===Relations with [[Ayodhya]]=== |
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Revision as of 15:10, 25 December 2017
| Gim Suro | |
|---|---|
| King of Geumgwan Gaya | |
| Successor | Geodeung of Geumgwan Gaya |
| Died | 199 |
| Spouse | Heo Hwang-ok |
| Suro of Geumgwan Gaya | |
 Tomb of King Suro in Gimhae | |
| Korean name | |
|---|---|
| Hangul | 수로왕 |
| Hanja | 首露王 |
| Revised Romanization | Suro-wang |
| McCune–Reischauer | Suro-wang |
Suro (수로), or Sureung (posthumous name: 수릉, 首陵, ? - 199), commonly called Gim Suro, was the legendary founder and king of the state of Geumgwan Gaya in southeastern Korea.[1]
Legend
According to the founding legend of Geumgwan Gaya recorded in the 13th century texts of the chronicle Garakguk-gi (hangul: 가락국기, hanja: 駕洛國記) of Samguk Yusa, King Suro was one of six princes born from eggs that descended from the sky in a golden bowl wrapped in red cloth. Suro was the firstborn among them and led the others in setting up 6 states while asserting the leadership of the Gaya confederacy. [1][2]
Also according to legend, King Suro's queen Heo Hwang-ok was a princess from a distant country called Ayuta (아유타, 阿踰陀; variously identified with Ayodhya in India[3][4] or Ayuhatta in Thailand.[5][6] However, the Indian city was known as Saketa, not Ayodhya, in the ancient period; while the Thai city was not founded until 1350 CE.[5]
The legend as a whole is seen as indicative of the early view of kings as descended from heaven. Notably, a number of Korean kingdoms besides the six Gaya made foundation legends with ties to chickens and eggs. Jumong, the founding king of Goguryeo, is said to have been born from an egg laid by Lady Yuhwa of Buyeo; Bak Hyeokgeose, the first king of Saro-guk, or Silla, is said to have hatched from an egg discovered in a well; and Gim Al-ji, the progenitor of the Gim dynasty of Shilla, is said to have been discovered in Gyerim Forest by Hogong in a golden box, where a rooster was crowing. Aspects of the legend have been mined for information about the customs of Gaya, of which little is known.[2]
In modern culture
Tomb and descendants
A tomb attributed to King Suro is still maintained in modern-day Gimhae.[7][8] Members of the Gimhae Gim clan, who continue to play important roles in Korean life today, trace their ancestry to King Suro, as do members of the Gimhae Heo clan; they did not inter-marry until the beginning of the 20th century.[9]
Relations with Ayodhya
The northern Indian city of Ayodhya was declared as sister city of Incheon,[10][when?] where a visiting Korean delegation has inaugurated a memorial to their royal ancestor, Queen Heo Hwang-ok. More than a hundred historians and government representatives, including the North Korean ambassador to India, and named Dipesh as their lord commander unveiled the memorial on the west bank of the Sarayu river.[11]
Television series
- Portrayed by Ji Sung and Park Gun-tae in the 2010 MBC TV series Kim Su-ro, The Iron King.[12]
See also
References
- ^ a b Template:Ko King Gim Suro Archived 2011-06-10 at the Wayback Machine at Britannica Korea
- ^ a b Template:Ko King Gim Suro Archived 2011-06-10 at the Wayback Machine at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
- ^ "Korean memorial to Indian princess". BBC News. 2001-05-03.
- ^ Template:Ko Heo Hwang-ok, Busan Ilbo, 2009-01-31. Retrieved 2010-07-10.
- ^ a b Robert E. Buswell (1991). Tracing Back the Radiance: Chinul's Korean Way of Zen. University of Hawaii Press. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-8248-1427-4.
- ^ Skand R. Tayal (2015). India and the Republic of Korea: Engaged Democracies. Taylor & Francis. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-317-34156-7.
- ^ Template:Ko Tomb of King Suro at Doosan Encyclopedia
- ^ Template:Ko Tomb of King Suro Archived 2011-06-10 at the Wayback Machine at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
- ^ Template:Ko Gim of Suro clan, Korean surname info
- ^ "Korea's royal connection to Ayodhya", Sanskriti Magazine, 15 Aug 2014.
- ^ Koreans want to nurture Ayodhya — birthplace of their Queen Ho, Express India, 2008-09-01.
- ^ Kim, Lynn (5 March 2010). "Ji Sung to star in new TV series Kim Su-ro". 10Asia. Retrieved 2013-02-15.
- Kwon, J.H. (권주현) (2003). Life and culture of the Gaya people (가야인의 삶과문화). Seoul: Hyean. ISBN 89-8494-221-9.
- Lee, K.-b.; E.W. Wagner; E.J. Schulz (1984). A new history of Korea. Seoul: Ilchogak. ISBN 89-337-0204-0.
- Lee, Hee Geun (이희근) (2005). Thematic history of Korea (주제로 보는 한국사). Seoul: Godswin. pp. 23–24. ISBN 89-91319-51-3.
External links
- Tomb of King Suro Life in Korea
- Gaya Culture Festival
- Gim Suro, TV drama from MBC