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|crew=
|crew=
<!-- Bladed weapon specifications -->
<!-- Bladed weapon specifications -->
|blade_type= Single edge
|blade_type= single-edged
|hilt_type= silver
|hilt_type= silver
|sheath_type= wood, silver
|sheath_type= wood, silver
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==Origin==
==Origin==
{{copypaste|date=December 2017}}
[[File:Coorgi Trditional Dress.jpg|thumb|left|The Kodavas with the pichangatti slipped behind the waist band.]]
[[File:Coorgi Trditional Dress.jpg|thumb|left|The Kodavas with the pichangatti slipped behind the waist band.]]
The name ''pichangatti'' is Tamil for "hand knife". Pichangatti is the knife of the [[Kodava people|Kodavas]]. The Kodavas (Kodava, Kannada) people inhabit the [[Kodagu]] region in southwestern India in what is now the state of [[Karnataka]]. The Kodavas have resided in the area for over 2 millennia. During the [[Colonial India|colonial]] period, the British referred to the region as [[Coorg State|Coorg]], an anglicized corruption of "Kodagu", which is said to be derived from the [[Kannada]] word for "hilly" or "steep", referring to the geographical condition of the region.{{sfn|Atkinson|2016}}
Pichangatti is derived from a Tamil word for "hand knife". Pichangatti was invented by the [[Kodava people|Kodavas]]. The [[Kodava people]] are indigenous to the southwestern region of India, which corresponds with the modern state of [[Karnataka]]. During the [[Colonial India|colonial]] period, the British named the region "[[Coorg State|Coorgi]]", a corruption of the [[Kannada]] word "kodaga" or "kodagu" meaning "hilly, steep". The word refers to the geographical condition of the region.{{sfn|Ganapathy|1967|p=28}}


The Kodavas were known as fierce warriors. To protect their sovereignty, the Kodavas made their presence in battles against their neighbors, and later against the [[British Empire]] in 1834. In response to a riot near [[Malappuram]] in 1884, the British punished the region by confiscating the vast majority of the Kodava weapons, including the pichangatti. It was recorded that 17,295 weapons of which 7,503 were firearms were confiscated by the colonial British administration. Most of these were dumped to the sea, while the high quality examples can still be seen in what is now the [[Government Museum, Chennai|Madras Museum]].{{sfn|Atkinson|2016}}
The Kodavas were known as tough warriors, establishing many wars against the neighboring nations to protect the sovereignty of their land. When the [[British Empire]] intervened the region in 1834, a war broke up between the Kodavas and the British. In 1884, a riot broke out near [[Malappuram]]. As a result of this incident, the British punished the Kodavas by seizing their weapons, including the pichangatti. It was recorded that "17,295 weapons of which 7,503 were guns" were confiscated by the British colonial administration. Most of these seized weapons were dumped into the sea, while the high-quality examples can still be seen in what is now the [[Government Museum, Chennai|Madras Museum]].{{sfn|Atkinson|2016}}


==Form==
==Form==
Pichangatti has a broad and heavy blade of about {{convert|7|inch|cm}} to {{convert|12|inch|cm}} long. The blade is single-edged, while the hilt ends up in a round bulging base. Pichangatti is heavily decorated, especially on the hilt and on the scabbard. These parts of the pichangatti are usually heavily-decorated in precious metal carvings e.g. brass, silver, gold, or a combination of these; in a very sophisticated design.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=497}} Probably one of the distinctive features of the pichangatti is the carving of a parrot-head carved on the bulging base of the hilt. An uncut ruby is placed for the parrot's eyes. The hilt is usually inlaid with silver, but they can also be made entirely out of light-colored ivory.{{sfn|Gahir|Spencer|2006|p=193}} A brass or silver chain is attached to the scabbard; the chain carries various utensils e.g. tweezers, nail and ear cleaners, etc.{{sfn|Egerton|2002|p=82}}
⚫
The scabbard is made of wood (e.g. ebony) and with silver or brass mounting on it. Attached by a silver chain to the scabbard are usually five implements for cleaning e.g. a toothpick, a tweezers, ear-pick, piercer, and an articles to clean the nail. The pichangatti is not a weapon but more like today's pocket knife.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=497}}

⚫
The scabbard of the pichangatti is made of wood (e.g. ebony) decorated with rich carvings of silver or brass. A silver or brass chain is attached to the scabbard. Attached to the chain are up to five implements used for cleaning and maintenance e.g. a toothpick, tweezers, ear-pick, a piercer, and a nail cleaner.{{sfn|Egerton|2002|p=82}} The multi-function of the pichangatti and its small articles made them similar with modern day's [[pocket knife]].{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=497}}

Pichangatti is worn by the Kodavas in front of their waist. They are slipped into the waist-belt together with the [[ayudha katti]].{{sfn|Egerton|2002|p=82}}


==See also==
==See also==
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==Cited works==
==Cited works==
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite web |url=http://atkinson-swords.com/collection-by-region/indian-subcontinent/india/kodava-ayda-katti-india.html |title=War Ayda Katti |last=Atkinson |first=David J. |date=2016 |website=Atkinson Swords |publisher=Atkinson Swords |access-date=November 18, 2017 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Egerton |first=Earl Wilbraham Egerton |date=2002 |title=Indian and Oriental Arms and Armour |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=chVfUm2Hz3MC |location=Dover |publisher=Courier Corporation |isbn=9780486422299|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Egerton |first=Earl Wilbraham Egerton |date=2002 |title=Indian and Oriental Arms and Armour |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=52FDeFdxbV0C |location=Dover |publisher=Courier Corporation |isbn=9780486422299|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=Gahir |editor1-first=Sunita |editor2-last=Spencer |editor2-first=Sharon |date=2006 |title=Weapon - A Visual History of Arms and Armor |url= |location=New York City |publisher=DK Publishing |isbn=9780756622107 |ref={{sfnref|Gahir|Spencer|2006}} }}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=Gahir |editor1-first=Sunita |editor2-last=Spencer |editor2-first=Sharon |date=2006 |title=Weapon - A Visual History of Arms and Armor |url= |location=New York City |publisher=DK Publishing |isbn=9780756622107 |ref={{sfnref|Gahir|Spencer|2006}} }}
*{{cite book||first=B. D. |last=Ganapathy |title=Kodavas (Coorgs), their customs and culture |ref=harv |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9xcIAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=23 August 2011|year=1967|publisher=copies available at Kodagu}}</ref>
*{{cite book |last=Stone |first=George Cameron |date=2013 |title=A Glossary of the Construction, Decoration and Use of Arms and Armor: in All Countries and in All Times |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=chVfUm2Hz3MC |location=Dover |publisher=Courier Corporation |isbn=9780486131290|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Stone |first=George Cameron |date=2013 |title=A Glossary of the Construction, Decoration and Use of Arms and Armor: in All Countries and in All Times |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=chVfUm2Hz3MC |location=Dover |publisher=Courier Corporation |isbn=9780486131290|ref=harv}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}

Revision as of 07:25, 16 December 2017

Pichangatti
19th century pichangatti with its sheath.
TypeKnife
Place of originKodagu
Service history
Used byKodava people
Specifications
Mass0.28 kilograms (0.62 lb)
Length12 inches (30 cm)
Blade typesingle-edged
Hilt typesilver
Scabbard/sheathwood, silver
Head typesteel

Pichangatti is a broad-bladed knife of the Kodavas of Karnataka, India. The characteristic of the pichangatti is its silver hilt with bulbous-shaped pommel in the shape of a parrot's head.[1] The pichangatti features in the traditional male dress of the Kodavas.

Origin

The Kodavas with the pichangatti slipped behind the waist band.

Pichangatti is derived from a Tamil word for "hand knife". Pichangatti was invented by the Kodavas. The Kodava people are indigenous to the southwestern region of India, which corresponds with the modern state of Karnataka. During the colonial period, the British named the region "Coorgi", a corruption of the Kannada word "kodaga" or "kodagu" meaning "hilly, steep". The word refers to the geographical condition of the region.[2]

The Kodavas were known as tough warriors, establishing many wars against the neighboring nations to protect the sovereignty of their land. When the British Empire intervened the region in 1834, a war broke up between the Kodavas and the British. In 1884, a riot broke out near Malappuram. As a result of this incident, the British punished the Kodavas by seizing their weapons, including the pichangatti. It was recorded that "17,295 weapons of which 7,503 were guns" were confiscated by the British colonial administration. Most of these seized weapons were dumped into the sea, while the high-quality examples can still be seen in what is now the Madras Museum.[3]

Form

Pichangatti has a broad and heavy blade of about 7 inches (18 cm) to 12 inches (30 cm) long. The blade is single-edged, while the hilt ends up in a round bulging base. Pichangatti is heavily decorated, especially on the hilt and on the scabbard. These parts of the pichangatti are usually heavily-decorated in precious metal carvings e.g. brass, silver, gold, or a combination of these; in a very sophisticated design.[4] Probably one of the distinctive features of the pichangatti is the carving of a parrot-head carved on the bulging base of the hilt. An uncut ruby is placed for the parrot's eyes. The hilt is usually inlaid with silver, but they can also be made entirely out of light-colored ivory.[1] A brass or silver chain is attached to the scabbard; the chain carries various utensils e.g. tweezers, nail and ear cleaners, etc.[5]

The scabbard of the pichangatti is made of wood (e.g. ebony) decorated with rich carvings of silver or brass. A silver or brass chain is attached to the scabbard. Attached to the chain are up to five implements used for cleaning and maintenance e.g. a toothpick, tweezers, ear-pick, a piercer, and a nail cleaner.[5] The multi-function of the pichangatti and its small articles made them similar with modern day's pocket knife.[4]

Pichangatti is worn by the Kodavas in front of their waist. They are slipped into the waist-belt together with the ayudha katti.[5]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pichangatti.

References

  1. ^ a b Gahir & Spencer 2006, p. 193.
  2. ^ Ganapathy 1967, p. 28.
  3. ^ Atkinson 2016.
  4. ^ a b Stone 2013, p. 497.
  5. ^ a b c Egerton 2002, p. 82.

Cited works

  • Atkinson, David J. (2016). "War Ayda Katti". Atkinson Swords. Atkinson Swords. Retrieved November 18, 2017. {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Egerton, Earl Wilbraham Egerton (2002). Indian and Oriental Arms and Armour. Dover: Courier Corporation. ISBN 9780486422299. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Gahir, Sunita; Spencer, Sharon, eds. (2006). Weapon - A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York City: DK Publishing. ISBN 9780756622107.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
  • Ganapathy, B. D. (1967). Kodavas (Coorgs), their customs and culture. copies available at Kodagu. Retrieved 23 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)</ref>
  • Stone, George Cameron (2013). A Glossary of the Construction, Decoration and Use of Arms and Armor: in All Countries and in All Times. Dover: Courier Corporation. ISBN 9780486131290. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
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