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m Robot - Speedily moving category United States Supreme Court justices to Category:Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States per CFDS.
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|nominator = [[Theodore Roosevelt]]
|nominator = [[Theodore Roosevelt]]
|term_start = December 12, 1906
|term_start = December 12, 1906
|term_end = November 20, 1910<ref name="fedjudcenter">{{cite news |title=Federal Judicial Center: William Henry Moody |date=2009-12-11 |url=http://www.fjc.gov/servlet/tGetInfo?jid=1672 |accessdate=2009-12-11}}</ref>
|term_end = November 20, 1910<ref name="fedjudcenter">{{cite news |title=Federal Judicial Center: William Henry Moody |date=2009-12-11 |url=http://www.fjc.gov/servlet/tGetInfo?jid=1672 |accessdate=2009-12-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513235333/http://www.fjc.gov/servlet/tGetInfo?jid=1672 |archivedate=2009-05-13 |df= }}</ref>
|predecessor = [[Henry Billings Brown|Henry Brown]]
|predecessor = [[Henry Billings Brown|Henry Brown]]
|successor = [[Joseph Rucker Lamar|Joseph Lamar]]
|successor = [[Joseph Rucker Lamar|Joseph Lamar]]
Line 42: Line 42:
Moody's service on the Court was brief but not uneventful, writing 67 opinions and 5 dissents. His most noted opinion was in the minority in ''Employers Liability Cases'' (1908), where he held that Congress' power to regulate interstate commerce included the ability to legislate management's relationship with employees. While he generally supported enhanced federal powers, opinions as ''[[Twining v. New Jersey]]'' (1908), where he held that the [[Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fifth Amendment's]] protection against compulsory self-incrimination did not apply to cases presented in [[State court (United States)|state courts]], made him hard to pigeonhole. He also wrote for a unanimous court in the famous case of ''[[Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co. v. Mottley]]'', which limited [[federal question jurisdiction]] to cases in which the [[plaintiff]]'s [[cause of action]] was based on federal law.
Moody's service on the Court was brief but not uneventful, writing 67 opinions and 5 dissents. His most noted opinion was in the minority in ''Employers Liability Cases'' (1908), where he held that Congress' power to regulate interstate commerce included the ability to legislate management's relationship with employees. While he generally supported enhanced federal powers, opinions as ''[[Twining v. New Jersey]]'' (1908), where he held that the [[Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fifth Amendment's]] protection against compulsory self-incrimination did not apply to cases presented in [[State court (United States)|state courts]], made him hard to pigeonhole. He also wrote for a unanimous court in the famous case of ''[[Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co. v. Mottley]]'', which limited [[federal question jurisdiction]] to cases in which the [[plaintiff]]'s [[cause of action]] was based on federal law.


By 1908, Moody suffered severe [[rheumatism]]. This affected Moody to such an extent that his last sitting on the bench was May 7, 1909, when he left for a brief rest and never returned. With the age- and health-enfeebled Supreme Court of 1909 crippled (President [[William Howard Taft]] was to make a record-setting 5 appointments due to death and resignations over a course of a single year in 1910–1911), Taft urged Moody, then the youngest justice at 55, to step down. After Taft successfully lobbied Congress for a Special Act to grant Moody retirement benefits not normally granted unless justices reached age 70 or 10 years of service (enacted June 23, 1910), Moody retired from the Court on November 20, 1910.<ref>[http://www.supremecourthistory.org/04_library/subs_volumes/04_c17_f.html The Supreme Court Historical Society<!-- bot-generated title -->] at www.supremecourthistory.org</ref> He died in [[Haverhill, Massachusetts]], July 2, 1917.
By 1908, Moody suffered severe [[rheumatism]]. This affected Moody to such an extent that his last sitting on the bench was May 7, 1909, when he left for a brief rest and never returned. With the age- and health-enfeebled Supreme Court of 1909 crippled (President [[William Howard Taft]] was to make a record-setting 5 appointments due to death and resignations over a course of a single year in 1910–1911), Taft urged Moody, then the youngest justice at 55, to step down. After Taft successfully lobbied Congress for a Special Act to grant Moody retirement benefits not normally granted unless justices reached age 70 or 10 years of service (enacted June 23, 1910), Moody retired from the Court on November 20, 1910.<ref>[http://www.supremecourthistory.org/04_library/subs_volumes/04_c17_f.html The Supreme Court Historical Society<!-- bot-generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050903031731/http://www.supremecourthistory.org/04_library/subs_volumes/04_c17_f.html |date=2005-09-03 }} at www.supremecourthistory.org</ref> He died in [[Haverhill, Massachusetts]], July 2, 1917.


After Moody's death, some of his official papers were placed in the custody of Professor [[Felix Frankfurter]], then of [[Harvard Law School]]. They are now in the collection of Frankfurter's papers in the Manuscript Division of the [[Library of Congress]].
After Moody's death, some of his official papers were placed in the custody of Professor [[Felix Frankfurter]], then of [[Harvard Law School]]. They are now in the collection of Frankfurter's papers in the Manuscript Division of the [[Library of Congress]].

Revision as of 22:33, 15 December 2017

"Justice Moody" redirects here. For other uses, see Justice Moody (disambiguation).
William Henry Moody
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
In office
December 12, 1906 – November 20, 1910[1]
Nominated byTheodore Roosevelt
Preceded byHenry Brown
Succeeded byJoseph Lamar
United States Attorney General
In office
July 1, 1904 – December 12, 1906
PresidentTheodore Roosevelt
Preceded byPhilander Knox
Succeeded byCharles Bonaparte
United States Secretary of the Navy
In office
May 1, 1902 – June 30, 1904
PresidentTheodore Roosevelt
Preceded byJohn Davis Long
Succeeded byPaul Morton
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Massachusetts's 6th district
In office
November 5, 1895 – May 1, 1902
Preceded byWilliam Cogswell
Succeeded byAugustus Peabody Gardner
Personal details
Born(1853-12-23)December 23, 1853
Newbury, Massachusetts, U.S.
DiedJuly 2, 1917(1917-07-02) (aged 63)
Haverhill, Massachusetts, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
EducationHarvard University (BA)

William Henry Moody (December 23, 1853 – July 2, 1917) was an American politician and jurist, who held positions in all three branches of the Government of the United States.

Biography

Born a son of farmers in Newbury, Massachusetts, Moody graduated from Phillips Academy in 1872 and from Harvard, Phi Beta Kappa in 1876,[2] where he was a classmate and friend of future President Theodore Roosevelt. After 4 months attending Harvard Law School, he departed and instead took the then-common but now-unusual step of reading law (under Richard Henry Dana, Jr.) to pass the bar.

Early in his legal career, Moody first was elected city solicitor of Haverhill, Massachusetts in 1888. After appointment as the District Attorney for Eastern Massachusetts in 1890, he gained widespread notoriety in 1893 as the junior prosecutor in the Lizzie Borden murder case. While his efforts were unsuccessful he was generally acknowledged as the most competent and effective of the attorneys on either side. He was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts, and served from 1895 until 1902 where he served on the powerful Appropriations Committee. During President Theodore Roosevelt's administration, Moody served as the Secretary of Navy (1902–1904) and as Attorney General (1904–1906). As Attorney General, Moody actively followed Roosevelt's trust-busting policies, negotiating with 'good' trusts like U.S. Steel but prosecuting 'bad' ones like Standard Oil. After failing to convince William Howard Taft to take the seat, on December 12, 1906, Roosevelt nominated Moody as an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court and Moody was confirmed December 12, 1906.[3]

Moody's service on the Court was brief but not uneventful, writing 67 opinions and 5 dissents. His most noted opinion was in the minority in Employers Liability Cases (1908), where he held that Congress' power to regulate interstate commerce included the ability to legislate management's relationship with employees. While he generally supported enhanced federal powers, opinions as Twining v. New Jersey (1908), where he held that the Fifth Amendment's protection against compulsory self-incrimination did not apply to cases presented in state courts, made him hard to pigeonhole. He also wrote for a unanimous court in the famous case of Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co. v. Mottley, which limited federal question jurisdiction to cases in which the plaintiff's cause of action was based on federal law.

By 1908, Moody suffered severe rheumatism. This affected Moody to such an extent that his last sitting on the bench was May 7, 1909, when he left for a brief rest and never returned. With the age- and health-enfeebled Supreme Court of 1909 crippled (President William Howard Taft was to make a record-setting 5 appointments due to death and resignations over a course of a single year in 1910–1911), Taft urged Moody, then the youngest justice at 55, to step down. After Taft successfully lobbied Congress for a Special Act to grant Moody retirement benefits not normally granted unless justices reached age 70 or 10 years of service (enacted June 23, 1910), Moody retired from the Court on November 20, 1910.[4] He died in Haverhill, Massachusetts, July 2, 1917.

After Moody's death, some of his official papers were placed in the custody of Professor Felix Frankfurter, then of Harvard Law School. They are now in the collection of Frankfurter's papers in the Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress. Moody's office furnishings and papers were actually donated to the Haverhill Historical Society and there is a Moody Room open to the public at the Buttonwoods Museum in Haverhill that features his personal collection. www.buttonwoods.org

Legacy

USS Moody (DD-277) was named for him.

Notes

  1. ^ "Federal Judicial Center: William Henry Moody". 2009-12-11. Archived from the original on 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2009-12-11. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ Supreme Court Justices Who Are Phi Beta Kappa Members, Phi Beta Kappa website, accessed Oct 4, 2009
  3. ^ HarpWeek: Cartoon of the Day at www.harpweek.com
  4. ^ The Supreme Court Historical Society Archived 2005-09-03 at the Wayback Machine at www.supremecourthistory.org

References

U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Massachusetts's 6th congressional district
1895–1902 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by United States Secretary of the Navy
1902–1904 		Succeeded by
Legal offices
Preceded by United States Attorney General
1904–1906 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
1906–1910 		Succeeded by

Template:Start U.S. Supreme Court composition Template:U.S. Supreme Court composition court lifespan Template:U.S. Supreme Court composition 1906–1909 Template:U.S. Supreme Court composition January–March 1910 Template:U.S. Supreme Court composition March–July 1910 Template:U.S. Supreme Court composition CJ Template:U.S. Supreme Court composition court lifespan Template:U.S. Supreme Court composition 1910 Template:End U.S. Supreme Court composition

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