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|species = '''''R. fluitans'''''
|species = '''''R. fluitans'''''
|binomial = ''Ranunculus fluitans''
|binomial = ''Ranunculus fluitans''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|binomial_authority = [[Jean-Baptiste Lamarck|Lam]]
|synonyms = {{species list
|Batrachium bachii |Wirtg. ex F.Schultz
|Batrachium fluitans |Wimm.
|Batrachium peucedanifolium |Dumort.
|Batrachium pumilum |Nyman <ref name="Plantlist">{{cite web|title=Ranunculus fluitans Lam. is an accepted name|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2523387|website=23 March 2012|publisher=theplantlist.org|accessdate=26 October 2017}}</ref>}}
|}}
|}}
'''''Ranunculus fluitans''''', the '''river water-crowfoot''',<ref name=BSBI07>{{cite web |title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |archive-url=http://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN |archive-date=2015-02-25 |accessdate=2014-10-17}}</ref> is a species of [[Ranunculus|buttercup]]. It is a perennial and bushy in favourable conditions when it can grow to 6m height<ref name=JSR> J. S. Rodwell; ''British Plant Communities: Woodlands and Scrub'' Cambridge University Press, 1990
'''''Ranunculus fluitans''''' (the '''river water-crowfoot''',<ref name=BSBI07>{{cite web |title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |archive-url=http://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN |archive-date=2015-02-25 |accessdate=2014-10-17}}</ref>) is a species of [[Ranunculus|buttercup]]. It is a [[perennial]] water plant, that when in favourable conditions (such as fast flowing water,<ref name=Readers>{{cite book |year=1981 |title=Reader's Digest Field Guide to the Wild Flowers of Britain |page=30 |publisher=[[Reader's Digest]] |isbn=9780276002175}}</ref>) it can grow up to 6 m (20ft) height.<ref name=JSR> J. S. Rodwell; ''British Plant Communities: Woodlands and Scrub'' Cambridge University Press, 1990 {{ISBN|0-521-62718-4}}</ref>
{{ISBN|0-521-62718-4}}</ref>


==Description==
⚫
A ''Ranunculus fluitans community'' or [[Ranunculion fluitantis]] defines a British plant community comprising stands of submerged vegetation dominated by clumps of Crowfoot<ref name=JSR/>
''R. fluitans'' has no floating leaves, instead it has long and narrow, tassel-like segments. Reaching up to 30 cm (12in) long. The long slender stems can have up to two flower stems. The white flowers are held above the water level, they are around 2-3 cm across. They are daisy-like, with 6-8 overlapping petals around a central yellow area. It blooms in June, then the rounded seed heads become hairless fruits.<ref name=Readers/>
It is similar in form to ''[[Ranunculus trichophyllus]]'' (thread-leaved water-crowfoot), apart from flower petal number, thread-leaved has on 5 petals and shorter leaves, as thread-leaved prefers slower flowing waters.<ref name=Readers/>

==Taxonomy==
It was formerly described by the French naturalist and botanist [[Jean-Baptiste Lamarck]] in his book 'Flore françoise' Vol.3 on page 184 in 1779.<ref name="Plantlist"/><ref name="ipni">{{cite web|title=Ranunculaceae Ranunculus fluitans Lam.|url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=712741-1|publisher=ipni.org|accessdate=26 October 2017}}</ref>

The species [[epithet]] ''fluitans'' is Latin for floating.<ref> Archibald William Smith {{google books|ahNMkgoNJ7IC|A Gardener's Handbook of Plant Names: Their Meanings and Origins|page=140}}</ref>

==Distribution==
It grows in fast flowing waters of the UK, within [[England]], [[Scotland]] and [[Wales]].<ref name=Readers/>

==Ecology==
⚫
A ''Ranunculus fluitans community'' or [[Ranunculion fluitantis]], defines a British plant community comprising stands of submerged vegetation dominated by clumps of Crowfoot.<ref name=JSR/>

==Culture==
[[William Barnes]] (1801–1886) an English writer, poet and Church of England priest, referred to the plant in his poem 'The Water Crowfoot'.
<blockquote><poem>O small feac'd flow'r that now dost bloom
To stud wi'white the shallow Frome,
An' leave the clote to spread his flow'r
On darksome pools o' stwoneless Stour.<ref>S. Gatrell {{google books|RaHDAAAQBAJ|Thomas Hardy’s Vision of Wessex|page=68}}</ref></poem></blockquote>
This refers to the [[River Frome]] being at danger from man's interference.<ref name=Readers/>


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
[[Category:Flora of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Flora of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1779]]
{{Ranunculales-stub}}
{{Ranunculales-stub}}

Revision as of 00:49, 27 October 2017

Ranunculus fluitans
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
Order:
Ranunculales
Family:
Ranunculaceae
Genus:
Ranunculus
Species:
R. fluitans
Binomial name
Ranunculus fluitans
Synonyms
  • Batrachium bachii Wirtg. ex F.Schultz
  • Batrachium fluitans Wimm.
  • Batrachium peucedanifolium Dumort.
  • Batrachium pumilum Nyman [1]

Ranunculus fluitans (the river water-crowfoot,[2]) is a species of buttercup. It is a perennial water plant, that when in favourable conditions (such as fast flowing water,[3]) it can grow up to 6 m (20ft) height.[4]

Description

R. fluitans has no floating leaves, instead it has long and narrow, tassel-like segments. Reaching up to 30 cm (12in) long. The long slender stems can have up to two flower stems. The white flowers are held above the water level, they are around 2-3 cm across. They are daisy-like, with 6-8 overlapping petals around a central yellow area. It blooms in June, then the rounded seed heads become hairless fruits.[3] It is similar in form to Ranunculus trichophyllus (thread-leaved water-crowfoot), apart from flower petal number, thread-leaved has on 5 petals and shorter leaves, as thread-leaved prefers slower flowing waters.[3]

Taxonomy

It was formerly described by the French naturalist and botanist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in his book 'Flore françoise' Vol.3 on page 184 in 1779.[1][5]

The species epithet fluitans is Latin for floating.[6]

Distribution

It grows in fast flowing waters of the UK, within England, Scotland and Wales.[3]

Ecology

A Ranunculus fluitans community or Ranunculion fluitantis, defines a British plant community comprising stands of submerged vegetation dominated by clumps of Crowfoot.[4]

Culture

William Barnes (1801–1886) an English writer, poet and Church of England priest, referred to the plant in his poem 'The Water Crowfoot'.

O small feac'd flow'r that now dost bloom
To stud wi'white the shallow Frome,
An' leave the clote to spread his flow'r
On darksome pools o' stwoneless Stour.[7]

This refers to the River Frome being at danger from man's interference.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b "Ranunculus fluitans Lam. is an accepted name". 23 March 2012. theplantlist.org. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  2. ^ "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-02-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  3. ^ a b c d e Reader's Digest Field Guide to the Wild Flowers of Britain. Reader's Digest. 1981. p. 30. ISBN 9780276002175.
  4. ^ a b J. S. Rodwell; British Plant Communities: Woodlands and Scrub Cambridge University Press, 1990 ISBN 0-521-62718-4
  5. ^ "Ranunculaceae Ranunculus fluitans Lam". ipni.org. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  6. ^ Archibald William Smith A Gardener's Handbook of Plant Names: Their Meanings and Origins, p. 140, at Google Books
  7. ^ S. Gatrell Thomas Hardy’s Vision of Wessex, p. 68, at Google Books
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