Presidential commission (United States): Difference between revisions
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*President's Commission on Crime in the District of Columbia (1965–1969) |
*President's Commission on Crime in the District of Columbia (1965–1969) |
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*[[President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice]] (1965–1969) |
*[[President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice]] (1965–1969) |
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*President's Committee for People with Intellectual Disabilities (1966; formerly ''The President's Committee on Mental Retardation'', 1963)<ref>[https://www.costtree.net/sites/default/files/OMB_2-CFR-Part-200_Super_Circular_Desk_Reference_CostTree.pdf 2 CFR Part 200 Super Circular]</ref><ref name="PL92-463">{{USPL|92|463}}</ref> |
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*[[National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders]] - a.k.a. the "Kerner Commission" (1967-1968) |
*[[National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders]] - a.k.a. the "Kerner Commission" (1967-1968) |
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*President's Commission on Budget Concepts (1967–1969) |
*President's Commission on Budget Concepts (1967–1969) |
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*Invasive Species Advisory Committee (1999)<ref>{{usc|42|4321}} et seq.</ref><ref>{{usc|16|4701}} et seq.</ref><ref>{{usc|18|42}}</ref><ref>{{usc|7|150aa}} et seq.</ref><ref>{{usc|7|2801}} et seq</ref><ref>{{usc|16|1531}} et seq.</ref> |
*Invasive Species Advisory Committee (1999)<ref>{{usc|42|4321}} et seq.</ref><ref>{{usc|16|4701}} et seq.</ref><ref>{{usc|18|42}}</ref><ref>{{usc|7|150aa}} et seq.</ref><ref>{{usc|7|2801}} et seq</ref><ref>{{usc|16|1531}} et seq.</ref> |
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*Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health (2000)<ref name="Title 5"/><ref>{{USPL|106|398}} section 3624</ref><ref |
*Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health (2000)<ref name="Title 5"/><ref>{{USPL|106|398}} section 3624</ref><ref name="PL92-463"/><ref>{{usc|42|73480}}</ref><ref name="PL 92-463">{{USPL|106|398}}</ref> |
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*Marine Protected Areas Federal Advisory Committee (2000)<ref name="PL 92-463"/><ref>{{usc|5|5701}}</ref> |
*Marine Protected Areas Federal Advisory Committee (2000)<ref name="PL 92-463"/><ref>{{usc|5|5701}}</ref> |
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*[[President's Commission To Strengthen Social Security]] (2001) |
*[[President's Commission To Strengthen Social Security]] (2001) |
Revision as of 06:48, 9 October 2017
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In the United States, a Presidential Commission is a special task force ordained by the President to complete a specific, special investigation or research. They are often quasi-judicial in nature; that is, they include public or in-camera hearings.
Presidential Commissions often serve one of two political purposes: to draw attention to a problem (the publication of a report by a commission can generally be counted on to draw attention from the media, depending on how its release is handled); or, on the other hand, to delay action on an issue (if the President wants to avoid taking action but still look concerned about an issue, he can convene a commission and then let it slip into obscurity)[citation needed]. However, there have been cases (the Tower, Rogers and Warren Commissions) where the commission has created reports that have been used as evidence in later criminal proceedings[citation needed].
List of Presidential Commissions
- Philippine Commission - "Taft Commission" (1900)
- Commission on the Organization of Government Scientific Work (1903)
- Committee on Department Methods - "Keep Commission" (1905–1909)
- President's Commission on Economy and Efficiency (1910–1912)
- President's Committee on Economic Security (1934)
- President's Commission on Administrative Management - "Brownlow Committee" (1937)
- Commission to Investigate the Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor - a.k.a. "Roberts Commission" (1941)
- President's Committee on Civil Rights (1946)
- President's Scientific Research Board (1946)
- Presidential Commission on Higher Education (1947)
- Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government - Hoover Commission (1947)
- President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services (1948)
- President’s Committee on Religious & Moral Welfare & Character Guidance in the Armed Forces (1948)
- President's Water Resources Policy Commission (1950)
- President's Communications Policy Board (1950)
- President's Commission on Migratory Labor (1950)
- President's Commission on Internal Security and Individual Rights (1951)
- President's Commission on the Health Needs of the Nation (1951)
- President's Commission on Immigration and Naturalization (1952)
- Commission on Intergovernmental Relations - a.k.a. "Kestenbaum Commission" (1953)
- Presidential Commission on the Status of Women (1961)
- Trade and Environment Policy Advisory Committee (1962)[1][2]
- The President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy - a.k.a. "Warren Commission" (1963)
- President's Review Committee for Development Planning in Alaska (1964)
- President's Commission on Crime in the District of Columbia (1965–1969)
- President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice (1965–1969)
- President's Committee for People with Intellectual Disabilities (1966; formerly The President's Committee on Mental Retardation, 1963)[3][4]
- National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders - a.k.a. the "Kerner Commission" (1967-1968)
- President's Commission on Budget Concepts (1967–1969)
- National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence (1969)
- President's Blue Ribbon Defense Panel (1969-1970) (urged 60% cuts in Pentagon staffs)
- President's Commission on Campus Unrest (1970)
- President's Commission on Financial Structure and Regulation - a.k.a. the "Hunt Commission" (1970-1971)
- National Commission on Fire Prevention and Control (1971)
- President's Commission on Olympic Sports (1975)]
- U.S. President's Commission on CIA activities within the United States - a.k.a. Rockefeller Commission (1975)
- President's Advisory Board on International Investment (1977)
- Presidential Advisory Board on Ambassadorial Appointments (1977)
- President's Commission on Mental Health (1977)
- President's Commission on Military Compensation (1977)
- President's Commission on Foreign Language and International Studies (1978)
- President's Commission on the Coal Industry (1978)
- President's Commission on Pension Policy (1978)
- Presidential Commission on World Hunger (1978)
- President's Commission on the Holocaust (1978)
- President's Commission on the Accident at Three Mile Island (1979)
- President's Advisory Committee for Women (1979)
- President's Commission for a National Agenda for the Eighties (1979)
- President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine & Biomedical & Behavioral Research (1979)
- Advisory Committee on Small and Minority Business Ownership (1980)
- President's Commission on United States-Liberian Relations (1980)
- President's Committee on the International Labor Organization (1980)
- President's Committee on Small Business Policy (1981)
- President's Council on Spinal Cord Injury (1981)
- President's Commission on Hostage Compensation (1981)
- President's Private Sector Survey on Cost Control - a.k.a. "Grace Commission" (1982)
- National Commission on Excellence in Education (1983)
- Presidential Commission on the Space Shuttle Challenger Accident - a.k.a. "Rogers Commission" (1986)
- President's Special Review Board (Iran-Contra) - a.k.a. "Tower Commission" (1986)
- President's Commission on Organized Crime (1986)
- President's Blue Ribbon Commission on Defense Management -a.ka. "Packard Commission" (1986)
- President's Commission on the HIV Epidemic (1987)
- President's commission on aviation security and terrorism (1990)
- Good Neighbor Environmental Board (1992)[5]
- National Industrial Security Program Policy Advisory Committee (1993)[6][7]
- Presidential Advisory Council on HIV/AIDS (1995)[8][9]
- President's Commission on Veterans Education (1996)
- Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States (1998)
- Invasive Species Advisory Committee (1999)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
- Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health (2000)[6][16][4][17][18]
- Marine Protected Areas Federal Advisory Committee (2000)[18][19]
- President's Commission To Strengthen Social Security (2001)
- President's Commission on Excellence in Special Education (2001)
- Commission on the Future of the United States Aerospace Industry (2001)
- National Infrastructure Advisory Council (2001)[20]
- National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States - a.k.a. 9/11 Commission (2002)
- President's Commission on the United States Postal Service (2002)
- President's Commission on Implementation of United States Space Exploration Policy (2004)
- Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction (2005)
- National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform (2010)
- Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future (2010)
- National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling (2010)
- [[President's Council on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition (Orig. 1944 National Committee on Physical Fitness; moved 2010)
- Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity (2016)
- Governmental Advisory Committee to the United States Representative to the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (2016)[6]
- National Advisory Committee to the United States Representative to the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (2016)[6]
- Presidential Advisory Commission on Election Integrity (2017)
See also
References
- ^ Pub. L. 87–794, 76 Stat. 872, enacted October 11, 1962
- ^ 19 U.S.C. § 1801
- ^ 2 CFR Part 200 Super Circular
- ^ a b Pub. L. 92–463
- ^ 7 U.S.C. § 5404
- ^ a b c d 5 U.S.C. App. II
- ^ Pub. L. 89–554, 80 Stat. 378, enacted September 6, 1966
- ^ 42 U.S.C. § 217a
- ^ Pub. L. 92–LI63
- ^ 42 U.S.C. § 4321 et seq.
- ^ 16 U.S.C. § 4701 et seq.
- ^ 18 U.S.C. § 42
- ^ 7 U.S.C. § 150aa et seq.
- ^ 7 U.S.C. § 2801 et seq
- ^ 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq.
- ^ Pub. L. 106–398 (text) (PDF) section 3624
- ^ 42 U.S.C. § 73480
- ^ a b Pub. L. 106–398 (text) (PDF)
- ^ 5 U.S.C. § 5701
- ^ 44 U.S.C. § 35
Further reading
- Donna Batten, et al. Encyclopedia of Governmental Advisory Organizations (Detroit, MI: Gale, 1973- . annual editions).
- Kenneth Kitts, Presidential Commissions and National Security: The Politics of Damage Control (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2006).
- Steven D. Zink, Guide to the Presidential Advisory Commissions, 1973-1987 (Alexandria, VA: Chadwyck-Healey, Inc, 1987).