Fort Metal Cross: Difference between revisions
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'''Fort Metal Cross''' is a [[military structure]] in [[Dixcove]], [[Ghana]]. It was built in 1683 by the English [[Royal African Company]] as a trading post for the [[gold trading|gold]] |
'''Fort Metal Cross''', originally '''Fort Dixcove''', is a [[military structure]] in [[Dixcove]], [[Ghana]]. It was built commencing in 1683<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=gmqTBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT58&dq=fort+metal+cross+1683&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi92-Lol8bVAhWDA8AKHc_9B80Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=fort%20metal%20cross%201683&f=false|title=KWAME, THE LAST SLAVE FROM WEST AFRICA|last=Akuamoa|first=Geoffrey|publisher=Lulu.com|year=|isbn=9781291357462|location=|pages=58|language=en}}</ref> by the English [[Royal African Company]] as a trading post for the [[gold trading|gold]] and the [[Atlantic slave trade|slave trade]], though construction didn't finish until 1698 due to ongoing hostilities with the local people.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2v-UAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT75&dq=fort+metal+cross+royal+african+company&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_tvD5l8bVAhXIKcAKHYi3B5oQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=fort%20metal%20cross%20royal%20african%20company&f=false|title=Mariners, Merchants And The Military Too|last=Jones|first=Phillip|publisher=Lulu.com|year=|isbn=9780956554949|location=|pages=75|language=en}}</ref> [[Brandenburg-Prussia]] started building [[Fort Groß Friedrichsburg]] about {{convert|15|km}} west of Dixcove in 1683, (now [[Princes Town, Ghana|Princes Town]]) in the colony of [[Brandenburger Gold Coast]] but it was not completed until the 1690s. |
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[[File:AMH-8076-KB Floor plan of the fort of Dickscove.jpg|thumbnail|left|Map of fort, 1746]] |
[[File:AMH-8076-KB Floor plan of the fort of Dickscove.jpg|thumbnail|left|Map of fort, 1746]] |
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Fort Metal Cross was besieged twice in 1712 by [[John Kanu]], a local ally of the Prussians, but the fort was defended successfully. |
Fort Metal Cross was besieged twice in 1712 by [[John Kanu]], a local ally of the Prussians, but the fort was defended successfully.{{Citation needed|date=August 2017}} |
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The fort was transferred to the Dutch as part of a large trade of forts between Britain and the Netherlands in 1868 under the [[Anglo-Dutch Gold Coast Treaty (1867)|Anglo-Dutch Gold Coast Treaty]]. Four years later, however, on 6 April 1872, the fort was, with the entire [[Dutch Gold Coast]], again transferred to the United Kingdom, as per the [[Anglo-Dutch Treaties of 1870-1871|Gold Coast treaty of 1871]]. |
The fort was transferred to the Dutch as part of a large trade of forts between Britain and the Netherlands in 1868 under the [[Anglo-Dutch Gold Coast Treaty (1867)|Anglo-Dutch Gold Coast Treaty]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-SBwMhYAZw0C&pg=PA325&dq=Fort+metal+cross+1868&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwieloTpmMbVAhXKCcAKHQxpC2IQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=Fort%20metal%20cross%201868&f=false|title=Sources for the Mutual History of Ghana and the Netherlands: An Annotated Guide to the Dutch Archives Relating to Ghana and West Africa in the Nationaal Archief, 1593-1960s|last=Doortmont|first=Michel René|last2=Smit|first2=Jinna|date=2007|publisher=BRILL|year=|isbn=9004158502|location=|pages=325|language=nl}}</ref> It was renamed ''Fort Metal Kruiz''. Four years later, however, on 6 April 1872, the fort was, with the entire [[Dutch Gold Coast]], again transferred to the United Kingdom, as per the [[Anglo-Dutch Treaties of 1870-1871|Gold Coast treaty of 1871]]. The Dutch name stuck, however, translated as Fort Metal Cross.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=G5x5DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA247&dq=Fort+metal+cross+1872&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiE-cL4mMbVAhUsJsAKHbbOCJcQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=Fort%20metal%20cross%201872&f=false|title=Ghana|last=Briggs|first=Philip|last2=Connolly|first2=Sean|date=2016-12-05|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|year=|isbn=9781784770341|location=|pages=247|language=en}}</ref> |
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The Fort was included as one of the [[List of castles in Ghana|Forts and Castles of Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions]] that became a [[World Heritage Site]] in 1979. |
The Fort was included as one of the [[List of castles in Ghana|Forts and Castles of Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions]] that became a [[World Heritage Site]] in 1979.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HJ7CBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA91&dq=Fort+metal+cross+1979&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiJxqPYmcbVAhVBBcAKHb8PBI8Q6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=Fort%20metal%20cross%201979&f=false|title=Transition 114: Transition: The Magazine of Africa and the Diaspora|last=Journals|first=IU Press|date=2015-02-20|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=|isbn=9780253018588|location=|pages=91|language=en}}</ref> |
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[[File:Fort Metal Cross.jpg|left|thumb|400px|Fort Metal Cross, Dixcove, Western Region, Ghana, in May 2012]] |
[[File:Fort Metal Cross.jpg|left|thumb|400px|Fort Metal Cross, Dixcove, Western Region, Ghana, in May 2012]] |
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Revision as of 22:47, 7 August 2017
| Fort Metal Cross | |
|---|---|
| Part of British Gold Coast | |
 Fort Metal Cross in 1727. | |
  Fort Metal Cross | |
| Coordinates | 4°48′N 1°57′W / 4.8°N 1.95°W |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1683 |
| Garrison information | |
| Occupants | Britain (1683-1868) Netherlands (1868-1872) |
Fort Metal Cross, originally Fort Dixcove, is a military structure in Dixcove, Ghana. It was built commencing in 1683[1] by the English Royal African Company as a trading post for the gold and the slave trade, though construction didn't finish until 1698 due to ongoing hostilities with the local people.[2] Brandenburg-Prussia started building Fort Groß Friedrichsburg about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) west of Dixcove in 1683, (now Princes Town) in the colony of Brandenburger Gold Coast but it was not completed until the 1690s.
Fort Metal Cross was besieged twice in 1712 by John Kanu, a local ally of the Prussians, but the fort was defended successfully.[citation needed]
The fort was transferred to the Dutch as part of a large trade of forts between Britain and the Netherlands in 1868 under the Anglo-Dutch Gold Coast Treaty.[3] It was renamed Fort Metal Kruiz. Four years later, however, on 6 April 1872, the fort was, with the entire Dutch Gold Coast, again transferred to the United Kingdom, as per the Gold Coast treaty of 1871. The Dutch name stuck, however, translated as Fort Metal Cross.[4]
The Fort was included as one of the Forts and Castles of Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions that became a World Heritage Site in 1979.[5]
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fort Metal Cross.
- ^ Akuamoa, Geoffrey. KWAME, THE LAST SLAVE FROM WEST AFRICA. Lulu.com. p. 58. ISBN 9781291357462.
- ^ Jones, Phillip. Mariners, Merchants And The Military Too. Lulu.com. p. 75. ISBN 9780956554949.
- ^ Doortmont, Michel René; Smit, Jinna (2007). Sources for the Mutual History of Ghana and the Netherlands: An Annotated Guide to the Dutch Archives Relating to Ghana and West Africa in the Nationaal Archief, 1593-1960s (in Dutch). BRILL. p. 325. ISBN 9004158502.
- ^ Briggs, Philip; Connolly, Sean (2016-12-05). Ghana. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 247. ISBN 9781784770341.
- ^ Journals, IU Press (2015-02-20). Transition 114: Transition: The Magazine of Africa and the Diaspora. Indiana University Press. p. 91. ISBN 9780253018588.