Wapauwe Old Mosque: Difference between revisions
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==History== |
==History== |
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The first Wapauwe Mosque was established in Kampung Wawane, about 6 kilometers from its present place, in 1414. Its founder, Maulana Kiai Pati, was an Islamic proponent from the coast of Nukuhaly, Seram Island. This original mosque is constructed of sago frond walls and palm leaf roof. Kiai Pati converted five villages in the Wawane Mountains, namely the villages of Essen, Wawane, Atetu, Nukuhaly and Tehala. In 1464, another group of Muslims led by [[Kyai]] Jamilu, arrived from the Sultanate of [[Jailolo (town)|Jailolo]], west of [[Halmahera]] in [[North Maluku]]. Jamilu continued the maintenance of the Wawane Mosque during his preach in the village, as well as redeveloping the building into a larger mosque.{{sfn|Endang Sukendar|2005|pp=96-7}} |
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According to a written record from 1464, the founder of the mosque was Jamilu, a Muslim priest and a descendant of the Sultanate of [[Jailolo (town)|Jailolo]] in [[North Maluku]]. He arrived in [[Tanah Hitu Kingdom|Tanah Hitu]] around 1400 to spread Islam in Wawane and founded a mosque known as "Wawane Mosque". The Dutch arrived on Tanah Hitu in 1580, following the departure of the Portuguese in 1512. To avoid tension with the Dutch, the Wawane people decided to move away from their homeland. In 1614, they moved to Kampung Tehala, around 6 km east of Wawane. During the exodus, the Wawane Mosque was also relocated. Nowadays, local people still believe that the mosque moved magically by itself to Wapauwe.{{sfn|Zein|1999|pp=369-70}} |
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The Dutch arrived in early 17th-century and controlled Wawane. To avoid tension with the Dutch, The villagers moved to the village of Tehala, about km east of Wawane. During the exodus, the Wawane Mosque was dismantled and transported to the new place. The mosque was reconstructed on a place located under the shade of a wild mango tree. The mosque then received its present name Wapauwe Mosque, after the mango (''wapa'' means "mango", and ''uwe'' means "down" in local Kaitetu dialect).{{sfn|Endang Sukendar|2005|pp=96-7}} Nowadays, some locals still believe that the mosque moved magically by itself to Wapauwe.{{sfn|Zein|1999|pp=369-70}} |
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| ⚫ | The first major renovation of the mosque was in 1664 when it was twice transported and rebuilt without any changes to its original appearance. In the beginning of the 18th century, a spire on top of the mosque was installed, symbolizing the Arabic letter [[Aleph#Arabic|alif]] sybolizing [[Allah]].{{sfn|Zein|1999|pp=369-70}} The second major renovation was in 1895 when a porch was added to the front and to the east of the original mosque. |
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| ⚫ | The first major renovation of the mosque was in 1664 when it was twice transported and rebuilt without any changes to its original appearance. In the beginning of the 18th century, a spire on top of the mosque was installed, symbolizing the Arabic letter [[Aleph#Arabic|alif]] sybolizing [[Allah]].{{sfn|Zein|1999|pp=369-70}} The second major renovation was in 1895 when a porch was added to the front and to the east of the original mosque. The renovation in 1895 also installed lime concrete reinforcement on the lower side of the wooden wall, and replaced the original coral gravel-layered floor with cement.{{sfn|Endang Sukendar|2005|pp=96-7}} The 1895 restoration was initiated by a local figure Hamid Iha.{{sfn|Endang Sukendar|2005|pp=96-7}} |
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Several minor renovations was undertaken after the Independence period without changing its appearance. In 1977, the [[Indonesian_Army|Armed Forces']] Military Districts of the area, the ''Komando Daerah Militer XVI/Pattimura'', installed fences along the periphery.{{sfn|Endang Sukendar|2005|pp=96-7}} In 1982, the mosque was designated as a [[Cultural properties of Indonesia|Cultural Property]]. An official plaque was installed and inaugurated by the Head of the [[Indonesian Institute of Sciences]], Bachtiar Rifai.{{sfn|Endang Sukendar|2005|pp=96-7}} In the 1990s, the roof thatch was replaced with similar material. This restoration involved two ''dusun'' (a kind of township) of Kaitetu village, Dusun Hila Kristen (a Christian majority) and Dusun Kalauli. The restoration was led by Head of the Adat Ir. H. Abdullah Lumaela. In 1993, the charity work of the 733rd Airborne Batallion undertook the construction of additional facilities, such as porches, pump wells, and garden ponds. Since 1995, the mosque is equipped with a loudspeaker from a government bank.{{sfn|Endang Sukendar|2005|pp=96-7}} The last restoration was in March 2008 when the roof thatch was replaced again.{{sfn|Friska Yolandha|2012}} |
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==Treasury== |
==Treasury== |
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Revision as of 07:46, 10 July 2017
| Wapauwe Old Mosque | |
|---|---|
Masjid Tua Wapauwe | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Islam |
| District | Leihitu Subdistrict |
| Province | Maluku |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | Kaitetu Village, Maluku, Indonesia |
| Geographic coordinates | 3°35′07″S 128°05′03″E / 3.585226°S 128.084243°E |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Mosque |
| Style | Vernacular Indonesian |
| Completed | 1414 |
| Specifications | |
| Length | 10 metres (33 ft) |
| Width | 10 metres (33 ft) |
| Materials | Thatched dried sago fronds |
Wapauwe Old Mosque (Indonesian Masjid Tua Wapauwe or Masjid Tua Wapaue) is a historic mosque in Kaitetu village, a village in the Wawane Mountains on the north part of cape Keitetu, North Maluku, Indonesia. Established in 1414, it is the oldest mosque in the Moluccas and possibly the oldest mosque in Indonesia which has been maintained in its original state.[1][2]
Description
Wapauwe Mosque is located in the historic village of Kaitetu where many remnants of Portuguese buildings lie such as a Portuguese church and a neglected Dutch fort which was established as a Portuguese trading post.[2] The humble-sized wooden mosque stands in a community of Christian and Muslim society. The 15th century mosque has been maintained by keeping its original wooden form. The wooden mosque is constructed without using nails, wooden construction are tied with rope made of ijuk fibers.
History
The first Wapauwe Mosque was established in Kampung Wawane, about 6 kilometers from its present place, in 1414. Its founder, Maulana Kiai Pati, was an Islamic proponent from the coast of Nukuhaly, Seram Island. This original mosque is constructed of sago frond walls and palm leaf roof. Kiai Pati converted five villages in the Wawane Mountains, namely the villages of Essen, Wawane, Atetu, Nukuhaly and Tehala. In 1464, another group of Muslims led by Kyai Jamilu, arrived from the Sultanate of Jailolo, west of Halmahera in North Maluku. Jamilu continued the maintenance of the Wawane Mosque during his preach in the village, as well as redeveloping the building into a larger mosque.[3]
The Dutch arrived in early 17th-century and controlled Wawane. To avoid tension with the Dutch, The villagers moved to the village of Tehala, about km east of Wawane. During the exodus, the Wawane Mosque was dismantled and transported to the new place. The mosque was reconstructed on a place located under the shade of a wild mango tree. The mosque then received its present name Wapauwe Mosque, after the mango (wapa means "mango", and uwe means "down" in local Kaitetu dialect).[3] Nowadays, some locals still believe that the mosque moved magically by itself to Wapauwe.[1]
The first major renovation of the mosque was in 1664 when it was twice transported and rebuilt without any changes to its original appearance. In the beginning of the 18th century, a spire on top of the mosque was installed, symbolizing the Arabic letter alif sybolizing Allah.[1] The second major renovation was in 1895 when a porch was added to the front and to the east of the original mosque. The renovation in 1895 also installed lime concrete reinforcement on the lower side of the wooden wall, and replaced the original coral gravel-layered floor with cement.[3] The 1895 restoration was initiated by a local figure Hamid Iha.[3]
Several minor renovations was undertaken after the Independence period without changing its appearance. In 1977, the Armed Forces' Military Districts of the area, the Komando Daerah Militer XVI/Pattimura, installed fences along the periphery.[3] In 1982, the mosque was designated as a Cultural Property. An official plaque was installed and inaugurated by the Head of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Bachtiar Rifai.[3] In the 1990s, the roof thatch was replaced with similar material. This restoration involved two dusun (a kind of township) of Kaitetu village, Dusun Hila Kristen (a Christian majority) and Dusun Kalauli. The restoration was led by Head of the Adat Ir. H. Abdullah Lumaela. In 1993, the charity work of the 733rd Airborne Batallion undertook the construction of additional facilities, such as porches, pump wells, and garden ponds. Since 1995, the mosque is equipped with a loudspeaker from a government bank.[3] The last restoration was in March 2008 when the roof thatch was replaced again.[2]
Treasury
The mosque kept one of the oldest Qur'anic mus'hafs in Indonesia; the oldest of these is a mus'haf written by Imam Muhammad Arikulapessy which was completed in 1550 with no miniature decoration.[3] The other is a mus'haf written by Nur Cahya, completed in 1590. Nur Cahya is the grandson of the mosque's first imam and a student of the mosque's founder Kiai Pati. There were also other historic manuscripts kept inside the mosque such as a Muslim calendar from Gregorian year 1407 and a manuscript for a Friday Prayer in year 1661. All these treasuries are now kept in the heritage house of Abdul Rachim Hatauwe, the twelfth descendant of Imam Muhammad Arikulapessy.[2]
The mosque also stored a poetry book about Muhammad's life. The poem is sung regularly by the villagers, especially during the annual Mawlid.[3]
Architecture
The original wooden architecture of the mosque is still retained. The main mosque is about 10 x 10 meters wide with an additional porch of roughly 40 square meters. The architectural style follows the typical traditional mosque architecture in Indonesia with multi-tiered roofs, supported with the saka guru pillars, and no minaret. The roof is topped with a wooden tip mounted perpendicular to the top.
The walls are covered in gaba-gaba (dried sago fronds) as well as the thatched roof.[2]
The wooden main door is decorated with spearhead-shaped wooden ornaments inscribed with calligraphic writings of Allah and Muhammad on its four corners, and a turtle-shaped brass plate etched with a Salawat writing.[3]
References
Works cited
- Endang Sukendar (November 5, 2005). "MASJID WAPAUWE - Buah Kerukunan Islam-Kristen" [Wapauwe Mosque - The Fruit of Muslim & Christian's Harmony]. Gatra - Geliat Negeri Sejuta Masjid (in Indonesian). 51. PT Era Media Informasi. Archived from the original on June 28, 2017. Retrieved June 28, 2017.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - Friska Yolandha (14 April 2012). "Masjid Wapauwe: Rumah Allah Tertua di Indonesia Timur" [Wapauwe Mosque: Oldest House of Allah in East Indonesia]. Republika (in Indonesian). Jakarta. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
{{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|dead-url=and|subscription=(help) - Zein, Abdul Baqir (1999). Masjid-masjid bersejarah di Indonesia [Historic mosques in Indonesia] (in Indonesian). Gema Insani. ISBN 9789795615675.
