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The election comes after the rejection of [[2015 Hong Kong electoral reform|constitutional reform proposals]] of the [[Leung Chun-ying as Chief Executive of Hong Kong|Leung Chun-ying administration]] in mid-2015 which suggested the electoral method for the Legislative Council (LegCo) in 2016 be unchanged.<ref>{{cite book|title=Methods for Selecting the Chief Executive in 2017 and for Forming the Legislative Council in 2016 Consultation Document|author=The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government|year=2013|p=3|ref=harv|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/ca/papers/ca1209-cdoc20131204-e.pdf}}</ref> On 31 August 2014, the [[National People's Congress Standing Committee]] (NPCSC) set limits for the 2016 Legislative Council and [[Hong Kong Chief Executive election, 2017|2017 Chief Executive elections]]. While reaffirming the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council election remained unchanged, the NPCSC decision allowed the Chief Executive (CE) to be directly elected but "unpatriotic" candidates would have to be screened out by a Beijing-controlled nominating committee.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-08/31/c_133609238.htm |title=Full text of NPC decision on universal suffrage for HKSAR chief selection |agency=Xinhua News Agency |date=31 August 2014 |accessdate=31 August 2014}}</ref> In response to the NPCSC decision, the student activists staged a [[2014 Hong Kong class boycott campaign|class boycott]] which led into a months-long [[2014 Hong Kong protests|large-scale occupy movement]] as proposed by the [[Occupy Central with Love and Peace|Occupy Central]], which was referred as the "Umbrella Revolution.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/kyodo-news-international/140908/snitch-line-operation-against-school-boycotters-hk|title='Snitch line' in operation against school boycotters in H.K. |work=GlobalPost|accessdate=10 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://online.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-students-to-boycott-classes-if-democracy-demands-arent-met-1408621259|title=Hong Kong Students to Boycott Classes If Democracy Demands Aren't Met |authors= Yung, Chester; Ngai, Edward|date=21 August 2014|work=The Wall Street Journal|accessdate=10 September 2014}}</ref>
The election comes after the rejection of [[2015 Hong Kong electoral reform|constitutional reform proposals]] of the [[Leung Chun-ying as Chief Executive of Hong Kong|Leung Chun-ying administration]] in mid-2015 which suggested the electoral method for the Legislative Council (LegCo) in 2016 be unchanged.<ref>{{cite book|title=Methods for Selecting the Chief Executive in 2017 and for Forming the Legislative Council in 2016 Consultation Document|author=The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government|year=2013|p=3|ref=harv|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/ca/papers/ca1209-cdoc20131204-e.pdf}}</ref> On 31 August 2014, the [[National People's Congress Standing Committee]] (NPCSC) set limits for the 2016 Legislative Council and [[Hong Kong Chief Executive election, 2017|2017 Chief Executive elections]]. While reaffirming the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council election remained unchanged, the NPCSC decision allowed the Chief Executive (CE) to be directly elected but "unpatriotic" candidates would have to be screened out by a Beijing-controlled nominating committee.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-08/31/c_133609238.htm |title=Full text of NPC decision on universal suffrage for HKSAR chief selection |agency=Xinhua News Agency |date=31 August 2014 |accessdate=31 August 2014}}</ref> In response to the NPCSC decision, the student activists staged a [[2014 Hong Kong class boycott campaign|class boycott]] which led into a months-long [[2014 Hong Kong protests|large-scale occupy movement]] as proposed by the [[Occupy Central with Love and Peace|Occupy Central]], which was referred as the "Umbrella Revolution.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/kyodo-news-international/140908/snitch-line-operation-against-school-boycotters-hk|title='Snitch line' in operation against school boycotters in H.K. |work=GlobalPost|accessdate=10 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://online.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-students-to-boycott-classes-if-democracy-demands-arent-met-1408621259|title=Hong Kong Students to Boycott Classes If Democracy Demands Aren't Met |authors= Yung, Chester; Ngai, Edward|date=21 August 2014|work=The Wall Street Journal|accessdate=10 September 2014}}</ref>


The government proposals were overwhelmingly rejected in the Legislative Council following a failed walk-out by the pro-establishment camp on 18 June 2015. In response, Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying urged the voters to "punish" the opposition democratic candidates by voting them out in the upcoming legislative election.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong's Leader Calls on Voters to Oust the Opposition|url=http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1298483-hong-kongs-leader-calls-on-voters-to-oust-the-opposition/|date=25 March 2015|first=Larry|last=Ong|work=Epoch Times}}</ref>
The government proposals were overwhelmingly rejected in the Legislative Council following a failed walk-out by the pro-Beijing camp on 18 June 2015. In response, Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying urged the voters to "punish" the opposition democratic candidates by voting them out in the upcoming legislative election.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong's Leader Calls on Voters to Oust the Opposition|url=http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1298483-hong-kongs-leader-calls-on-voters-to-oust-the-opposition/|date=25 March 2015|first=Larry|last=Ong|work=Epoch Times}}</ref>


===ThunderGo plan===
===ThunderGo plan===
In early 2016, Occupy Central co-founder [[Benny Tai]] mapped out a "ThunderGo plan" for [[pan-democrats]] to grab half of the seats in the Legislative Council election to have much stronger bargaining power in future political reform. He suggests the non-[[pro-Beijing camp]] to field no more than 23 lists if their goal is to win 23 seats in the [[geographical constituencies]], six tickets for nine-seat [[New Territories West (constituency)|New Territories West]] and [[New Territories East (constituency)|New Territories East]], four tickets for six-seat [[Hong Kong Island (constituency)|Hong Kong Island]] and [[Kowloon West (constituency)|Kowloon West]], and three for five-seat [[Kowloon East (constituency)|Kowloon East]] respectively.<ref name="thunderbolt">{{cite news|title=Thunderbolt plan: Benny Tai devises proposal for Hong Kong pan-democrats to win half of legislative seats in September poll|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1909364/thunderbolt-plan-benny-tai-devises-proposal-hong-kong-pan|first=Joyce|last=Ng|date=4 February 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post}}</ref> For the [[functional constituency (Hong Kong)|functional constituencies]], Tai suggested that besides retaining the current six trade-based functional constituencies and three territory-wide directly elected [[District Council (Second)]] super seats, the camp needs to target three additional seats in [[Medical (constituency)|Medical]], [[Engineering (constituency)|Engineering]] and [[Architectural, Surveying and Planning (constituency)|Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape]].<ref name="thunderbolt"/> The plan met with reservations from the very diverse interests within pro-democracy political parties, who could not agree on a united front.<ref name="thunderbolt"/><ref>{{cite news|title=Will 'Thunderbolt Plan' fizzle? NeoDemocrats won't join proposed pan-dem primary aimed at securing Legco 'super seats'|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1940603/will-thunderbolt-plan-fizzle-neodemocrats-wont-join-proposed|first=Danny|last=Mok|date=3 May 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post}}</ref>
In early 2016, Occupy Central co-founder [[Benny Tai]], who was inspired by the electoral victory the [[Democratic Progressive Party]] received in the [[Taiwanese legislative election, 2016|2016 Taiwanese legislative election]], mapped out a "ThunderGo plan" for [[pan-democrats]] to grab half of the seats in the Legislative Council election to have much stronger bargaining power in future political reform. He suggests the non-[[pro-Beijing camp]] to field no more than 23 lists if their goal is to win 23 seats in the [[geographical constituencies]], six tickets for nine-seat [[New Territories West (constituency)|New Territories West]] and [[New Territories East (constituency)|New Territories East]], four tickets for six-seat [[Hong Kong Island (constituency)|Hong Kong Island]] and [[Kowloon West (constituency)|Kowloon West]], and three for five-seat [[Kowloon East (constituency)|Kowloon East]] respectively.<ref name="thunderbolt">{{cite news|title=Thunderbolt plan: Benny Tai devises proposal for Hong Kong pan-democrats to win half of legislative seats in September poll|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1909364/thunderbolt-plan-benny-tai-devises-proposal-hong-kong-pan|first=Joyce|last=Ng|date=4 February 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post}}</ref> For the [[functional constituency (Hong Kong)|functional constituencies]], Tai suggested that besides retaining the current six trade-based functional constituencies and three territory-wide directly elected [[District Council (Second)]] super seats, the camp needs to target three additional seats in [[Medical (constituency)|Medical]], [[Engineering (constituency)|Engineering]] and [[Architectural, Surveying and Planning (constituency)|Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape]].<ref name="thunderbolt"/> The plan met with reservations from the very diverse interests within pro-democracy political parties, who could not agree on a united front. Tai's plan hit its setback when the [[Neo Democrats]] decided not to support the proposed coordinating mechanism for the District Council (Second) super seats in May.<ref name="thunderbolt"/><ref>{{cite news|title=Will 'Thunderbolt Plan' fizzle? NeoDemocrats won't join proposed pan-dem primary aimed at securing Legco 'super seats'|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1940603/will-thunderbolt-plan-fizzle-neodemocrats-wont-join-proposed|first=Danny|last=Mok|date=3 May 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post}}</ref>


===Emergence of new political forces===
===Emergence of new political forces===

Revision as of 20:37, 6 August 2016

Hong Kong legislative election, 2016
← 2012 4 September 2016 2020 →
All 70 seats to the Legislative Council
Opinion polls
  Starry Lee Andrew Leung Alan Leong
Leader Starry Lee Andrew Leung Alan Leong
Party DAB BPA Civic
Alliance Pro-Beijing Pro-Beijing Pan-democracy
Leader's seat District Council (Second) Industrial (First) Kowloon East
Last election 13 seats, 20.22% New party 6 seats, 14.08%
Current seats 13 7 6
  Emily Lau Lam Suk-yee Vincent Fang
Leader Emily Lau Lam Suk-yee Vincent Fang
Party Democratic FTU Liberal
Alliance Pan-democracy Pro-Beijing Pro-Beijing
Leader's seat New Territories East No seat Retiring from Wholesale and Retail
Last election 6 seats, 13.65% 6 seats, 7.06% 5 seats, 2.64%
Current seats 6 6 5
  Suzanne Wu Erica Yuen Regina Ip
Leader Suzanne Wu Erica Yuen
and Avery Ng 		Regina Ip
Party Labour PP/LSD NPP
Alliance Pan-democracy Pan-democracy Pro-Beijing
Leader's seat No seat (standing in Kowloon East) No seat (standing in Hong Kong Island) Hong Kong Island
Last election 4 seats, 6.19% 4 seats, 14.59% 2 seats, 3.76%
Current seats 4 3 2
Elected candidates by each constituency
Incumbent President

Tsang Yok-sing
DAB



The 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election will be held on 4 September 2016 for the 6th Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo). A total of 70 members, 35 from geographical constituencies (GCs) and 35 from functional constituencies (FCs), will be returned. The election comes after the rejection of the constitutional reform proposals which suggested the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council remains unchanged.

The Electoral Affairs Commission (EAC) sparked controversy as it disqualified six of the potential localist candidates from running in the election as it claimed their pro-independence stances did not comply with the Basic Law of Hong Kong.

Background

Electoral reform failure and Umbrella Revolution

Main articles: 2014–15 Hong Kong electoral reform and 2014 Hong Kong protests

The election comes after the rejection of constitutional reform proposals of the Leung Chun-ying administration in mid-2015 which suggested the electoral method for the Legislative Council (LegCo) in 2016 be unchanged.[1] On 31 August 2014, the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) set limits for the 2016 Legislative Council and 2017 Chief Executive elections. While reaffirming the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council election remained unchanged, the NPCSC decision allowed the Chief Executive (CE) to be directly elected but "unpatriotic" candidates would have to be screened out by a Beijing-controlled nominating committee.[2] In response to the NPCSC decision, the student activists staged a class boycott which led into a months-long large-scale occupy movement as proposed by the Occupy Central, which was referred as the "Umbrella Revolution.[3][4]

The government proposals were overwhelmingly rejected in the Legislative Council following a failed walk-out by the pro-Beijing camp on 18 June 2015. In response, Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying urged the voters to "punish" the opposition democratic candidates by voting them out in the upcoming legislative election.[5]

ThunderGo plan

In early 2016, Occupy Central co-founder Benny Tai, who was inspired by the electoral victory the Democratic Progressive Party received in the 2016 Taiwanese legislative election, mapped out a "ThunderGo plan" for pan-democrats to grab half of the seats in the Legislative Council election to have much stronger bargaining power in future political reform. He suggests the non-pro-Beijing camp to field no more than 23 lists if their goal is to win 23 seats in the geographical constituencies, six tickets for nine-seat New Territories West and New Territories East, four tickets for six-seat Hong Kong Island and Kowloon West, and three for five-seat Kowloon East respectively.[6] For the functional constituencies, Tai suggested that besides retaining the current six trade-based functional constituencies and three territory-wide directly elected District Council (Second) super seats, the camp needs to target three additional seats in Medical, Engineering and Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape.[6] The plan met with reservations from the very diverse interests within pro-democracy political parties, who could not agree on a united front. Tai's plan hit its setback when the Neo Democrats decided not to support the proposed coordinating mechanism for the District Council (Second) super seats in May.[6][7]

Emergence of new political forces

The emergence of new political groups led by young activists began to influence the political landscape: Edward Leung of Hong Kong Indigenous, a pro-independence localist group, received a better-than expected result in the New Territories East by-election in February 2016 by taking more than 66,000 votes and gaining about 15 percent of the total votes. After the election, Leung claimed localism had gained a foothold as the third most important power in local politics, standing side by side with the pan-democracy and pro-Beijing camps.[8] A day after the election, three localist groups, Wong Yuk-man's Proletariat Political Institute, Wong Yeung-tat's Civic Passion and Chin Wan's Hong Kong Resurgence Order, announced to run in the upcoming election,[9] while Hong Kong Indigenous and another new pro-independence Hong Kong National Party also stated that they will run in the upcoming election.

On 10 April 2016. six localist groups which emerged after the 2014 Umbrella Revolution, Youngspiration, Kowloon East Community, Tin Shui Wai New Force, Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power, Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power and Tuen Mun Community, formed an electoral alliance under the name "ALLinHK" planned to field candidates in four of the five geographical constituencies with the agenda to put forward a referendum on Hong Kong's self-determination.[10]

Also on 10 April 2016, the student leaders in the Umbrella Revolution, Joshua Wong, Oscar Lai and Agnes Chow of Scholarism and Nathan Law of the Hong Kong Federation of Students (HKFS) formed a new party called Demosisto[11] The new party calls for referendum on Hong Kong's future after 2047 when the one country, two systems is supposed to expire.[12] and aimed to field candidates in Hong Kong Island and Kowloon East.

Ronny Tong's Path of Democracy and Tik Chi-yuen's Third Side, the two new political groups which split from the Civic Party and Democratic Party respectively, seek a middle path between the pro-Beijing camp and pan-democracy camp on achieving democracy, with plans to field candidates in the geographical constituency election.

The soaring number of political groups and candidates may split the pro-democracy votes, according to political scientist Professor Ma Ngok.[13]

Pre-election issues

Leung Chun-ying's re-election

See also: Leung Chun-ying as Chief Executive of Hong Kong and Hong Kong Chief Executive election, 2017

The pan-democracy camp has campaigned to block Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying, whose popularity dropped to a new low, from serving a second term. Technology and media entrepreneur Ricky Wong Wai-kay, whose Hong Kong Television Network (HKTV) free-to-air television licence was denied by Leung's Executive Council in October 2013 and sparked public uproar and protests, also started his "ABC campaign" (Anyone but CY) by announcing Leung's exit as his key campaign platform.[14] Wong is backed by the Liberal Party, a pro-Beijing party representing the business sector which has been at odds with the Chief Executive since the 2012 Chief Executive election when the Liberals openly opposed Leung.

On 28 July, President of the Legislative Council Jasper Tsang and Financial Secretary John Tsang both expressed interest in running for the Chief Executive in 2017 in different occasions. Political analysts said that the duo's moves would take some pressure off pro-Beijing camp preparing for the Legislative Council election as pro-Beijing candidates had struggled when asked in public if they supported Leung's re-election.[15]

Causeway Bay bookseller disappearances

Main article: Causeway Bay Books disappearances

Lam Wing-kee, one of the five Causeway Bay booksellers who went missing from October 2015 returned to Hong Kong and revealed at a press conference in June 2016 that he was kidnapped at the China–Hong Kong border in October and put through eight months of mental torture. The controversy sparked concerns about whether mainland law enforcement officers were taking the law into their own hands in Hong Kong and became a blow to Hongkongers' confidence in the "one country, two systems". Professor Lau Siu-kai, former head of the Hong Kong government's think tank, the Central Policy Unit, worried that more people may vote for pan-democracy camp in September's election.[16]

Ban on secessionists controversy

Main article: Hong Kong LegCo candidates' disqualification controversy

On 14 July 2016, the Electoral Affairs Commission (EAC) announced its plan to require all candidates to sign an additional "confirmation form" in the nomination to declare their understanding of Hong Kong being an inalienable part of China as stipulated in the Basic Law, in response to many potential localist candidates advocating or promoting Hong Kong independence. The EAC states that anyone making a false declaration in the nomination form is liable to criminal sanction.[17]

EAC returning officers also sent emails to several applicants who had not been confirmed as official candidates, including Hong Kong Indigenous' Edward Leung, Civic Passion's Alvin Cheng, Hong Kong National Party's Chan Ho-tin, to ask whether they would still advocate independence after submitting the nomination form.[18] Those questions were claimed to be a factor to determine the validity of their nominations.

After the end of the nomination period, six localist candidates received emails from the EAC which said their nominations were "invalidated", which included Chan Ho-tin, Democratic Progressive Party's Yeung Ke-cheong, Nationalist Hong Kong's Nakade Hitsujiko,Conservative Party's Alice Lai Yee-man, Hong Kong Indigenous' Edward Leung and independent Chan Kwok-keung, although many of them had signed the additional confirmation form; all except Yeung had signed the declaration statement in the nomination form saying they will "uphold the Basic Law and pledge allegiance to the Hong Kong SAR" as required by the Legislative Council Ordinance. New Territories East constituency returning officer Cora Ho Lai-sheung rejected Leung's nomination on the basis that she did not trust Leung "genuinely changed his previous stance for independence."[19][20]

Aprroval for promotional leaflets controversy

The Electoral Affairs Commission (EAC) was also accused of withholding approval for promotional leaflets with a number of pro-democracy candidates, including those of Democracy Groundwork's Lau Siu-lai, Demosisto's Nathan Law, pro-demcoracy activist Chu Hoi-dick, which contain words such as "self-determination" and "civil referendum". Lau accused the EAC of "engaging in political screening" and "picking on certain candidates."[21] A new version of Law's pamphlets was approved on Wednesday after the party replaced the phrases in question with icons such as the sun, moon and stars. The revised pamphlets was added with words stating the content was subject to "universe-scale political censorship".[22]

Contesting parties and candidates

A historic record of 289 validly nominated candidates contested in the election, two more than the previous election, after seven candidates were disqualified, six of whom due to their pro-independence stance, and two withdrew their candidatures. 84 lists with a total of 213 candidates contested the 35 geographical constituencies, while 55 candidates contested in the traditional functional constituencies, 43 of them ran for 18 seats in the functional constituencies. A total of 21 candidates belonging to 9 lists contested the five "super seats" in the District Council (Second) functional constituency.[23]

Pro-Beijing camp

Pan-democracy camp

Localist groups

  • Civic Passion–Proletariat Political Institute–Hong Kong Resurgence Order (CP–PPI–HKRO): Wong Yeung-tat's Civic Passion, Wong Yuk-man's Proletariat Political Institute and Chin Wan's Hong Kong Resurgence Order announced their plan in running in all five geographical constituencies in February 2016. The alliance fielded Wong Yuk-man and Wong Yeung-tat for the two Kowloon constituencies, Chin Wan for New Territories East, Cheng Chung-tai for New Territories West and Alvin Cheng for Hong Kong Island.[9] Despite their localist stance, all five tickets were validated under the Electoral Affairs Commission's (EAC) new election measure.
  • ALLinHK and Hong Kong Indigenous: An electoral alliance formed by six post-Occupy groups emerged from the 2014 protests, consisting of Youngspiration, Kowloon East Community, Tin Shui Wai New Force, Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power, Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power and Tuen Mun Community, field candidates in four of the five constituencies while supporting Hong Kong Indigenous' Edward Leung who received a better-than-expected result in the February by-election to run again.[10][43] Youngspiration's convenor Baggio Leung Chung-hang who initially intended to run in Hong Kong Island and stood in New Territories West finally submitted his nomination to stand in New Territories East in the wake of the EAC's measure, which he claimed to be a "substitute candidate" in case Edward Leung was disqualified in the constituency.[44] Although nominations of all candidates from the alliance's were accepted, Edward Leung's nomination was invalidated on 2 August.
  • Hong Kong National Party (HKNP): Convenor Chan Ho-tin of the first party who officially advocated for Hong Kong independence planned to run in New Territories West but was disqualified, as the Electoral Affairs Commission (EAC) claimed that Chan's platform violated the Basic Law.[45]

Others

  • Path of Democracy: The group led by former Civic Party legislator Ronny Tong fielded two candidates, governors Gary Wong Chi-him and Raymond Mak Ka-chun in Hong Kong Island and New Territories East.[46][47]
  • Third Side: The new "middle-of-the-road" party led by former Democratic Party vice-chairman Tik Chi-yuen planned to field candidates in Kowloon West and two New Territories constituencies, but later dropped out of the New Territories East contest and triggered the departure of ten party member including two vice-chairmen Marcus Liu Tin-shing and Ben Kuen Ping-yiu.[48][49][50] Liu and Kuen later led an independent ticket in New Territories East; another party member Wong Sing-chi decided to run in Social Welfare as an independent.

Retiring incumbents

Constituency Departing incumbents Party
Hong Kong Island Kenneth Chan Ka-lok Civic
Jasper Tsang Yok-sing DAB
Kowloon East Chan Kam-lam DAB
New Territories West Tam Yiu-chung DAB
Heung Yee Kuk Lau Wong-fat BPA
Medical Leung Ka-lau Nonpartisan
Social Welfare Cheung Kwok-che Labour/SWGU
Industrial (Second) Lam Tai-fai Nonpartisan
Finance Ng Leung-sing Nonpartisan
Wholesale and Retail Vincent Fang Kang Liberal
District Council (First) Ip Kwok-him DAB
District Council (Second) Chan Yuen-han FTU

Opinion polling

For a more comprehensive list, see Opinion polling for the Hong Kong legislative election, 2016.
5

Results

Template:Hong Kong legislative election, 2016

Candidate lists and results

As of 29 July 2016, the nominations received by the Electoral Affairs Commission listed as following:[51] Template:Hong Kong legislative election, 2016 comprehensive

See also

References

  1. ^ The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government (2013). Methods for Selecting the Chief Executive in 2017 and for Forming the Legislative Council in 2016 Consultation Document (PDF). p. 3. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  2. ^ "Full text of NPC decision on universal suffrage for HKSAR chief selection". Xinhua News Agency. 31 August 2014. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  3. ^ "'Snitch line' in operation against school boycotters in H.K." GlobalPost. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
  4. ^ "Hong Kong Students to Boycott Classes If Democracy Demands Aren't Met". The Wall Street Journal. 21 August 2014. Retrieved 10 September 2014. {{cite web}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
  5. ^ Ong, Larry (25 March 2015). "Hong Kong's Leader Calls on Voters to Oust the Opposition". Epoch Times.
  6. ^ a b c Ng, Joyce (4 February 2016). "Thunderbolt plan: Benny Tai devises proposal for Hong Kong pan-democrats to win half of legislative seats in September poll". South China Morning Post.
  7. ^ Mok, Danny (3 May 2016). "Will 'Thunderbolt Plan' fizzle? NeoDemocrats won't join proposed pan-dem primary aimed at securing Legco 'super seats'". South China Morning Post.
  8. ^ Chung, Kang-chung (2 March 2016). "All Around Town: So which Hong Kong politician keeps gunning for losing candidate?". South China Morning Post.
  9. ^ a b "本土組織將派5人出選立會 陳雲或出戰新界東". Apple Daily. 29 February 2016.
  10. ^ a b "青年新政等六組織　組聯盟戰立會　倡2021香港自決公投". Stand News. 10 April 2016.
  11. ^ "效法時代力量突圍 香港學運領袖擬組黨參政". Liberty Times. 17 February 2016.
  12. ^ a b "香港眾志成立　羅冠聰、舒琪、黎汶洛出選立會". Stand News. 10 April 2016.
  13. ^ Lam, Jeffie (11 April 2016). "Hong Kong's new pro-democracy groups pose new problems for traditional pan-democrat camp". South China Morning Post.
  14. ^ Cheung, Gary (11 May 2016). "HKTV's Ricky Wong plans to run in Legco elections, with CY Leung's exit as key campaign platform". South China Morning Post.
  15. ^ Lam, Jeffie; Cheung, Tony (29 July 2016). "Double trouble for CY Leung? John Tsang announces possible bid for Hong Kong's top job soon after Jasper Tsang does the same". South China Morning Post.
  16. ^ Cheung, Gary; Cheung, Tony (17 June 2016). "Hong Kong pro-establishment candidates could lose votes following bookseller revelations". South China Morning Post.
  17. ^ Ng, Joyce; Ng, Kang-chung (14 July 2016). "'Accept Hong Kong is part of China or you can't run in Legco elections'". South China Morning Post.
  18. ^ Cheng, Kris (26 July 2016). "Election officials email more pro-independence LegCo candidates asking about political stance". Hong Kong Free Press.
  19. ^ Ng, Joyce (2 August 2016). "Hong Kong Indigenous' Edward Leung disqualified from Legco elections". South China Morning Post.
  20. ^ Cheng, Kris (2 August 2016). "Edward Leung has not genuinely switched from pro-independence stance, says election official". Hong Kong Free Press.
  21. ^ Fung, Owen (3 August 2016). "Electoral Commission accused of 'political screening' and double standards in approval process for leaflets by Legco candidates". South China Morning Post.
  22. ^ Cheung, Tony (4 August 2016). "Undue caution? Joshua Wong blasts Hong Kong officials over hold-ups in Demosisto party registration and mailings". South China Morning Post.
  23. ^ "289 validly nominated candidates for Legislative Council Election". The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. 5 August 2016.
  24. ^ "政情 民建聯9月立會參選名單　「四元老」引退　周浩鼎戰超區". HK01. 5 March 2016.
  25. ^ "政情 民建聯落實真‧選舉". Now TV. 4 February 2016.
  26. ^ "民建聯初選 劉國勳得票勝三對手　料接葉國謙棒選立會". HK01. 24 March 2016.
  27. ^ "民建聯拍板派一隊選立會港島 鍾樹根：無奈被棄". Apple Daily. 1 June 2016.
  28. ^ "Christopher Chung mulls leaving DAB to seek re-election". Hong Kong Economic Journal. 2 June 2016.
  29. ^ "李梓敬否認「棄立選換經民聯區選讓路」". Ming Pao. 29 April 2016.
  30. ^ "特稿：自由黨李梓敬戰九西 經民聯批出爾反爾". Wen Wei Po. 28 April 2016.
  31. ^ "立會選舉　田北俊擬戰港島　自由黨或派陳浩濂撼林健鋒". Apple Daily. 24 February 2016.
  32. ^ "新民黨強攻新東　容海恩冀搶一席". Sing Tao Daily. 9 May 2016.
  33. ^ "公民黨公布有意參選立法會名單梁家傑陳家洛無報名". Commercial Radio Hong Kong.
  34. ^ Chung, Kang-chung (3 July 2016). "Civic Party plans to field at least 10 candidates in Hong Kong Legislative Council elections in September". South China Morning Post.
  35. ^ Lam, Jeffie (5 December 2015). "Hong Kong's Democratic Party to vote on pre-election primary proposal". South China Morning Post.
  36. ^ Lam, Jeffie (31 December 2015). "Hong Kong Democratic Party leader Emily Lau decides not to seek re-election in 2016". South China Morning Post.
  37. ^ "Two-front battle: traditional pan-democrats face off against pro-establisment camp and radicals". South China Morning Post. 10 July 2016.
  38. ^ "【立會選舉】工黨擬於五區派人參選　李卓人何秀蘭張超雄尋求連任". HK01. 18 February 2016.
  39. ^ Ng, Kang-chung (14 June 2016). "Radical move: two rival Hong Kong parties unite". South China Morning Post.
  40. ^ "社民連公布立法會選舉初選名單". Cable TV news. 21 February 2016.
  41. ^ a b "范國威「轉軚」 擬選超區議席 當年反政改退民主黨 今稱為開拓本土票源". Ming Pao. 2 March 2016.
  42. ^ "民協何啟明欲選「超級」　嫌民協老鬼唔識講sound bite". HK01. 26 January 2016.
  43. ^ "青年新政：立會選舉不會與本民前撞區出選". Now News. 1 March 2016.
  44. ^ "Localists submit nomination for 'substitute candidate' in LegCo election". Hong Kong Free Press. 29 July 2016.
  45. ^ Tsang, Emily; Cheung, Elizabeth (30 July 2016). "Hong Kong National Party convenor disqualified from running in Legislative Council polls". South China Morning Post.
  46. ^ Cheung, Tony (27 May 2016). "Moderate Hong Kong group Path of Democracy set to field three candidates in Legislative Council elections". South China Morning Post.
  47. ^ Ng, Kang-chung (23 June 2016). "Moderate Hong Kong political groups seek closer co-operation in Legco elections". South China Morning Post.
  48. ^ "政Whats噏： 新思維選舉名單　黃成智慘被飛". Orential Daily. 30 April 2016.
  49. ^ "新思維擬三人戰立會九西直選　狄志遠：正與民主思路協調". HK01. 5 July 2016.
  50. ^ "We quit: 10 members from middle-of-the-road political party Third Side leave due to differences". South China Morning Post. 22 July 2016.
  51. ^ "Nomination of Candidates". Electoral Affairs Commission.

External links

Official websites

Manifestos and platforms

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