2016 Hong Kong legislative election: Difference between revisions
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Returning officers subsequently sent emails to several applicants who had not been confirmed as official candidates, including Edward Leung, Alvin Cheng, [[Hong Kong National Party]]'s Chan Ho-tin, to ask whether they would still advocate independence after submitting the nomination form.<ref>{{cite news|title=Election officials email more pro-independence LegCo candidates asking about political stance|first=Kris|last=Cheng|url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2016/07/26/election-officials-email-more-pro-independence-legco-candidates-asking-about-political-stance/|newspaper=Hong Kong Free Press|date=26 July 2016}}</ref> Those questions were claimed to be a factor to determine the validity of their nominations. After the court refused to immediately hear the judicial reviews, Leung agreed to sign the declaration form.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong localist gives in to election rule while others stick to their guns and are cleared to run|first=Owen|last=Fung|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1996189/hong-kong-localist-gives-election-rule-while-others-stick|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=28 July 2016}}</ref> The [[pan-democrats]] also stated they would boycott the new election measure.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pan-dems reject poll declaration|first=Phoenix|last=Un|url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/section-news.php?id=171871|newspaper=The Standard|date=22 July 2016}}</ref> |
Returning officers subsequently sent emails to several applicants who had not been confirmed as official candidates, including Edward Leung, Alvin Cheng, [[Hong Kong National Party]]'s Chan Ho-tin, to ask whether they would still advocate independence after submitting the nomination form.<ref>{{cite news|title=Election officials email more pro-independence LegCo candidates asking about political stance|first=Kris|last=Cheng|url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2016/07/26/election-officials-email-more-pro-independence-legco-candidates-asking-about-political-stance/|newspaper=Hong Kong Free Press|date=26 July 2016}}</ref> Those questions were claimed to be a factor to determine the validity of their nominations. After the court refused to immediately hear the judicial reviews, Leung agreed to sign the declaration form.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong localist gives in to election rule while others stick to their guns and are cleared to run|first=Owen|last=Fung|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1996189/hong-kong-localist-gives-election-rule-while-others-stick|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=28 July 2016}}</ref> The [[pan-democrats]] also stated they would boycott the new election measure.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pan-dems reject poll declaration|first=Phoenix|last=Un|url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/section-news.php?id=171871|newspaper=The Standard|date=22 July 2016}}</ref> |
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On 30 July, Chan Ho-tin received an email from the EAC which said his nomination in New Territories West had been "invalidated", since he had refused to sign the additional declaration form.<ref name="disqualified">{{cite news|title=Hong Kong National Party convenor disqualified from running in Legislative Council polls|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=30 July 2016|first1=Emily|last1=Tsang|first2=Elizabeth|last2=Cheung|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1996994/hong-kong-national-party-convenor-disqualified-running}}</ref> Both the localist and pan-democratic camps rallied against the EAC's decision, while the National Party called for all pro-democracy parties to boycott the election.<ref name="disqualified"/> A day after, Yeung Ke-cheong of the localist Democratic Progressive Party, positioned second on a candidate list with Jonathan Ho Chi-kwong in [[Kowloon West (constituency)|Kowloon West]] was also invalidated as he, unlike Chan, explicitly rejected the Basic Law by not signing both the original and additional declaration forms to pledge to uphold the Basic Law. Yeung said he would launch a judicial review.<ref>{{cite news|title=‘I was disqualified’: second Hong Kong localist candidate barred from running in Legco elections|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=31 July 2016|first=Jeffie|last=Lam|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1997371/i-was-disqualified-second-hong-kong-localist-candidate}}</ref> Pro-independence candidate Nakade Hitsujiko for New Territories West became the third candidate to be disqualified on 1 August even though he signed the new form.<ref>{{cite news|title=Two radical Hong Kong localists await their fate while a third Legco candidate is banned|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=1 August 2016|first=Joyce|last=Ng|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1997860/two-radical-hong-kong-localists-await-their-fate-while-third}}</ref> |
On 30 July, Chan Ho-tin received an email from the EAC which said his nomination in New Territories West had been "invalidated", since he had refused to sign the additional declaration form.<ref name="disqualified">{{cite news|title=Hong Kong National Party convenor disqualified from running in Legislative Council polls|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=30 July 2016|first1=Emily|last1=Tsang|first2=Elizabeth|last2=Cheung|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1996994/hong-kong-national-party-convenor-disqualified-running}}</ref> Both the localist and pan-democratic camps rallied against the EAC's decision, while the National Party called for all pro-democracy parties to boycott the election.<ref name="disqualified"/> A day after, Yeung Ke-cheong of the localist Democratic Progressive Party, positioned second on a candidate list with Jonathan Ho Chi-kwong in [[Kowloon West (constituency)|Kowloon West]] was also invalidated as he, unlike Chan, explicitly rejected the Basic Law by not signing both the original and additional declaration forms to pledge to uphold the Basic Law. Yeung said he would launch a judicial review.<ref>{{cite news|title=‘I was disqualified’: second Hong Kong localist candidate barred from running in Legco elections|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=31 July 2016|first=Jeffie|last=Lam|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1997371/i-was-disqualified-second-hong-kong-localist-candidate}}</ref> Pro-independence candidate Nakade Hitsujiko for New Territories West became the third candidate to be disqualified on 1 August even though he signed the new form.<ref>{{cite news|title=Two radical Hong Kong localists await their fate while a third Legco candidate is banned|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=1 August 2016|first=Joyce|last=Ng|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1997860/two-radical-hong-kong-localists-await-their-fate-while-third}}</ref> On 2 August, three more localist candidates were disqualified, Conservative Party's Alice Lai Yee-man in Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong Indigenous's Edward Leung and independent Chan Kwok-keung in New Territories East.<ref>{{cite news|title=梁天琦遭選管會 取消參選資格|work=Stand News|date=2 August 2016|url=https://thestandnews.com/politics/%E6%A2%81%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%A6%E9%81%AD%E9%81%B8%E7%AE%A1%E6%9C%83-%E5%8F%96%E6%B6%88%E5%8F%83%E9%81%B8%E8%B3%87%E6%A0%BC/}}</ref> |
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==Contesting parties and candidates== |
==Contesting parties and candidates== |
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The 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election will be held on 4 September 2016 for the 6th Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo). A total of 70 members, 35 from geographical constituencies (GCs) and 35 from functional constituencies (FCs), will be returned. The election comes after the rejection of the constitutional reform proposals which suggested the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council remains unchanged.
Background
Electoral reform failure and Umbrella Revolution
The election comes after the rejection of constitutional reform proposals of the Leung Chun-ying administration in mid-2015 which suggested the electoral method for the Legislative Council (LegCo) in 2016 be unchanged.[1] On 31 August 2014, the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) set limits for the 2016 Legislative Council and 2017 Chief Executive elections. While reaffirming the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council election remained unchanged, the NPCSC decision allowed the Chief Executive (CE) to be directly elected but "unpatriotic" candidates would have to be screened out by a Beijing-controlled nominating committee.[2] In response to the NPCSC decision, the student activists staged a class boycott which led into a months-long large-scale occupy movement as proposed by the Occupy Central, which was referred as the "Umbrella Revolution.[3][4]
The government proposals eventually failed to gain the required two-thirds support in the Legislative Council as the pan-democrats vetoed it on 18 June 2015. In response to the occupy movement and rejection of the proposals, Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying urged the voters to "punish" the opposition democratic candidates by voting them out in the upcoming legislative election.[5]
ThunderGo plan
In early 2016, Occupy Central co-founder Benny Tai, who was inspired by the electoral victory the Democratic Progressive Party received in the 2016 Taiwanese legislative election, has mapped out a "ThunderGo plan" for pan-democrats to grab half of the seats in the Legislative Council election in order to have much stronger bargaining power in future political reform. He suggests the non-pro-Beijing camp to field no more than 23 lists if their goal is to win 23 seats in the geographical constituencies, six tickets for nine-seat New Territories West and New Territories East, four tickets for six-seat Hong Kong Island and Kowloon West, and three for five-seat Kowloon East respectively.[6]
For the functional constituencies, Tai suggested that besides retaining the current six trade-based functional constituencies and three territory-wide directly elected District Council (Second) super seats, the camp needs to target three additional seats in Medical, Engineering and Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape.[6]
Tai has met with reservations from some pro-democracy politicians. Democrat legislator Sin Chung-kai said Tai’s idea would be "difficult to implement" as doubted the umbrella soldiers and radical parties would be willing to collaborate. Albert Chan of the radical People Power dismissed Tai’s scheme as "nightmare".[6] Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL) chairwoman Rosanda Mok on the other hand had been actively campaigned for the plan. Tai's plan hit its first setback when the Neo Democrats decided not to support the proposed coordinating mechanism for the District Council (Second) super seats in May.[7]
Emergence of new political forces
The emergence of new political groups led by young activists is set to shake up the political landscape of Hong Kong. Edward Leung of Hong Kong Indigenous, a pro-independence localist group, received a better-than expected result in the New Territories East by-election in February 2016 by taking more than 66,000 votes and gaining about 15 percent of the total votes. After the election, Leung claimed localism had gained a foothold as the third most important power in local politics, standing side by side with the pan-democracy and pro-Beijing camps.[8] A day after the election, three localist groups, Wong Yuk-man's Proletariat Political Institute, Wong Yeung-tat's Civic Passion and Chin Wan's Hong Kong Resurgence Order, announced to run in the upcoming election,[9] while Hong Kong Indigenous and another new pro-independence Hong Kong National Party also stated that they will run in the upcoming election.
On 10 April 2016. six localist groups which emerged after the 2014 Umbrella Revolution, Youngspiration, East Kowloon Community, Tin Shui Wai New Force, Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power, Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power and Tuen Mun Community, formed an electoral alliance under the name "ALLinHK" planned to field candidates in four of the five geographical constituencies with the agenda to put forward a referendum on Hong Kong's self-determination.[10]
On the same day on 10 April 2016, the student leaders in the Umbrella Revolution, Joshua Wong, Oscar Lai and Agnes Chow of Scholarism and Nathan Law of the Hong Kong Federation of Students (HKFS), inspired by Taiwan's New Power Party which was formed by the Sunflower Movement leaders and fared well in the 2016 Taiwanese legislative election, formed a new party called Demosisto.[11] The new party calls for referendum on Hong Kong's future after 2047 when the One Country, Two Systems is supposed to expire.[12] The party aimed to field candidates in Hong Kong Island and Kowloon East.
Ronny Tong's Path of Democracy and Tik Chi-yuen's Third Side, the two new political groups which split from the Civic Party and Democratic Party respectively, seek for a moderate "middle-of-road" path between the pro-Beijing camp and pan-democracy camp on achieving democracy. They have planned to field candidates in the geographical constituency election.
Due to the soaring number of political groups and candidates which may split the pro-democracy votes, political scientist Professor Ma Ngok said the pro-democracy candidates might all suffer the same fate amid infighting, even under proportional representation.[13]
Pre-election issues
Leung Chun-ying's re-election
The pan-democracy camp has campaigned to block Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying, whose popularity dropped to a new low, from serving a second term. Technology and media entrepreneur Ricky Wong Wai-kay, whose Hong Kong Television Network (HKTV) free-to-air television licence was denied by Leung's Executive Council in October 2013 and sparked public uproar and protests, also started his “ABC campaign” (Anyone but CY) by announcing Leung’s exit as his key campaign platform.[14] Wong is backed by the Liberal Party, a pro-Beijing party representing the business sector which has been at odds with the Chief Executive since the 2012 Chief Executive election when the Liberals openly opposed Leung.
On 28 July, President of the Legislative Council Jasper Tsang and Financial Secretary John Tsang both expressed interest in running in the 2017 Chief Executive election in different occasions. Political analysts said that the duo's moves would take some pressure off pro-Beijing camp preparing for the Legislative Council election as pro-Beijing candidates had struggled when asked in public if they supported Leung's re-election.[15]
Causeway Bay bookseller disappearances
Lam Wing-kee, one of the five Causeway Bay booksellers who went missing from October 2015 returned to Hong Kong and revealed at a press conference in June 2016 that he was kidnapped at the China–Hong Kong border in October and put through eight months of mental torture. The controversy sparked concerns about whether mainland law enforcement officers were taking the law into their own hands in Hong Kong and became a blow to Hongkongers’ confidence in the "One Country, Two Systems". Professor Lau Siu-kai, former head of the Hong Kong government’s think tank, the Central Policy Unit, worried that more people may vote for pan-democracy camp in September’s election.[16]
EAC's ban on secessionists from running
On 14 July 2016, the Electoral Affairs Commission (EAC) announced its plan to require all candidates to sign an additional form in the nomination to declare their understanding of Hong Kong being an inalienable part of China as stipulated in the Basic Law, as many potential localist candidates are advocating or promoting Hong Kong independence. The EAC states that anyone making a false declaration in the nomination form is liable to criminal sanction. Hong Kong Human Rights Monitor director Law Yuk-kai criticised the government's move as "censorship of political ideas" and a breach of freedom of thought.[17]
Localist group Civic Passion's Alvin Cheng signed the declaration when he submitted his nomination to run in the Hong Kong Island constituency. Civic Passion spokesman and New Territories West candidate Cheng Chung-tai justified the group's decision as a form of civil disobedience, while Edward Leung of the pro-independence Hong Kong Indigenous said he would not sign the form and would seek a judicial review.[17]
Returning officers subsequently sent emails to several applicants who had not been confirmed as official candidates, including Edward Leung, Alvin Cheng, Hong Kong National Party's Chan Ho-tin, to ask whether they would still advocate independence after submitting the nomination form.[18] Those questions were claimed to be a factor to determine the validity of their nominations. After the court refused to immediately hear the judicial reviews, Leung agreed to sign the declaration form.[19] The pan-democrats also stated they would boycott the new election measure.[20]
On 30 July, Chan Ho-tin received an email from the EAC which said his nomination in New Territories West had been "invalidated", since he had refused to sign the additional declaration form.[21] Both the localist and pan-democratic camps rallied against the EAC's decision, while the National Party called for all pro-democracy parties to boycott the election.[21] A day after, Yeung Ke-cheong of the localist Democratic Progressive Party, positioned second on a candidate list with Jonathan Ho Chi-kwong in Kowloon West was also invalidated as he, unlike Chan, explicitly rejected the Basic Law by not signing both the original and additional declaration forms to pledge to uphold the Basic Law. Yeung said he would launch a judicial review.[22] Pro-independence candidate Nakade Hitsujiko for New Territories West became the third candidate to be disqualified on 1 August even though he signed the new form.[23] On 2 August, three more localist candidates were disqualified, Conservative Party's Alice Lai Yee-man in Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong Indigenous's Edward Leung and independent Chan Kwok-keung in New Territories East.[24]
Contesting parties and candidates
Pro-Beijing camp
- Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB): The flagship Beijing-loyalist party fielded nine candidate lists in the geographical constituencies and District Council (Second) direct elections, two fewer than the 2012 election. Four veterans included the Legislative Council President Jasper Tsang and former party chairman Tam Yiu-chung stepped down from the office, while new faces Cheung Kwok-kwan and Wilson Or took up the candidacies in Hong Kong Island and Kowloon East.[25] North District Councillor Lau Kwok-fan won a four-way intra-party primary to take up Ip Kwok-him's District Council (First) functional constituency.[26][27] Incumbent Hong Kong Island legislator Christopher Chung who initially led a candidate list but was withdrawn by the party later protested against the party's decision, but later on accepted to be placed second on Cheung's list.[28][29]
- Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong (BPA): Six of the seven legislators from the pro-business party sought for re-election. The party honorary chairman Lau Wong-fat retired from the Heung Yee Kuk and was succeeded by his son Kenneth Lau uncontestedly, while party chairman Andrew Leung and Abraham Shek were also re-elected uncontestedly in their trade-based constituencies. The party's sole geographical constituency legislator Priscilla Leung sought for her third term in Kowloon West.[30]
- Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions (FTU): The pro-labour federation rose as the third largest party in the last election in 2012. The FTU remained its five tickets in four geographical constituencies and District Council (Second) "super seat", as well as two candidates in the three-seat Labour functional constituency. Veteran Chan Yuen-han stepped down from the "super seat" and was taken up by Wong Kwok-hing, while Wong's Hong Kong Island seat was taken up by Kwok Wai-keung from the Labour functional constituency.[31]
- Liberal Party: The pro-business party has been vocal for its criticism against the Leung Chun-ying administration and positioned itself as the anti-Leung voice within in the pro-establishment camp. The party honorary chairman James Tien initially planned to stand in Hong Kong Island but later stood in New Territories East as the second place with the party's rising star Dominic Lee. The party finalised its target of winning seven seats, two geographical constituencies and five functional constituencies. Incumbents Felix Chung, Tommy Cheung and Frankie Yick sought for re-election in their sectors while vice-chairman Peter Shiu to take up retiring leader Vincent Fang's place in Wholesale and Retail constituency and Joseph Chan Ho-lim to run in Commercial (First) functional constituency against BPA's Jeffrey Lam.[32]
- New People's Party (NPP): Regina Ip's party planned to field candidates with herself and Michael Tien seeking re-election in Hong Kong Island and New Territories West and young barrister Eunice Yung running in New Territories East with the help of its local ally, district-based Civil Force.[33]
Pan-democracy camp
- Civic Party: The Civic Party became the largest pro-democracy party along with the Democratic Party from the last election. On 27 January 2016, the party received 17 nominations for the intra-party primary on 27 January 2016. Four incumbents, Claudia Mo, Kwok Ka-ki, Alvin Yeung and Dennis Kwok will seek for re-election while party leader Alan Leong and Kenneth Chan decided to step down.[34] In an extraordinary general meeting on 3 July, the party decided to field Jeremy Tam in Kowloon East where Leong would stand in Tam's list in the second place and 2012 candidate Tanya Chan would contest in Hong Kong Island.[35] Tsuen Wan District Councillor Sumly Chan also won the party's nomination to run in District Council (Second) while Ken Tsang Kin-chiu failed to get the party's nomination for running in Social Welfare and ran as an independent.
- Democratic Party: The Democratic Party decided to drastically reduce their candidate list from ten tickets to only seven in the upcoming election. The Democrats were the first to se up an unprecedented intra-party pre-election primaries for the candidacies for the Legislative Council elections.[36] On 31 December 2015, a total number of 14 nominations were received with veterans Emily Lau, Albert Ho and Sin Chung-kai not standing for re-election. They later decided to run as second candidates in the tickets led by new faces Lam Cheuk-ting, Andrew Wan and Hui Chi-fung who won the primaries.[37] The three other incumbents, James To, Helena Wong and Wu Chi-wai would also seek for re-election, while young Yuen Long District Councillor Kwong Chun-yu led a ticket in District Council (Second) "super seat".[38]
- Labour Party: All three of the directly elected Labour incumbents, Lee Cheuk-yan, Cyd Ho and Fernando Cheung sought for re-election in New Territories West, Hong Kong Island and New Territories East respectively, while the Social Welfare legislator Cheung Kwok-che announced his retirement. The newly elected chairwoman Suzanne Wu and vice-chairman Chiu Shi-shun also stood in Kowloon East.[39]
- People Power–League of Social Democrats: Facing challenges from the emerging radical post-Occupy groups, the League of Social Democrats (LSD) and the People Power, radical faction in the pan-democracy camp, formed an electoral alliance in the name of "progressive democrats". The alliance fielded nine candidates with the aim to win at least six seats, New Territories East incumbents Leung Kwok-hung and Raymond Chan sought seek re-election with two separate tickets, while League chairman Avery Ng and People Power former chairman Christopher Lau and chairwoman Erica Yuen ran in Kowloon West and Hong Kong Island respectively. People Power's Tam Tak-chi ran in Kowloon East, while League vice-chairman Raphael Wong formed a join ticket with People Power's Albert Chan in New Territories West.[40][41][42]
- Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL): Although barring from running in the District Council (Second) constituency after he lost his District Council seat in the 2015 District Council election, incumbent legislator Frederick Fung intends to run in the geographical constituency in the upcoming election. 2012 Kowloon West candidate and vice-chairman Tam Kwok-kiu narrowly defeated chairwoman Rosanda Mok in a primary to stand in the same constituency, while Sham Shui Po District Councillor Ho Kai-ming took up Fung's place in District Council (Second).[43]
- Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre (NWSC): The veteran NWSC legislator Leung Yiu-chung left his longtime base of New Territories West to contest in District Council (Second) constituency, while his place in New Territories West was succeeded by his long-time disciple Wong Yun-tat.
- Neo Democrats: Once vowed not to participate in the District Council (Second) constituency created under the Democratic Party's modified reform proposals in 2010 which the Neo Democrats broke away from the party to oppose it, the Neo Democrats fielded Kwan Wing-yip in District Council (Second), besides its current seat held by Gary Fan in New Territories East.[42]
- Demosisto: The new party emerged from the 2014 Umbrella Revolution led by the movement leaders planned to field two tickets in Hong Kong Island led by chairman Nathan Law and Kowloon East by vice-chairman Oscar Lai, but Lai later dropped out due to lack of funding.[12]
Localist groups
- Civic Passion–Proletariat Political Institute–Hong Kong Resurgence Order (CP–PPI–HKRO): Wong Yeung-tat's Civic Passion, Wong Yuk-man's Proletariat Political Institute and Chin Wan's Hong Kong Resurgence Order announced their plan in running in all five geographical constituencies in February 2016. The alliance fielded Wong Yuk-man and Wong Yeung-tat for the two Kowloon constituencies, Chin Wan for New Territories East, Cheng Chung-tai for New Territories West and Alvin Cheng for Hong Kong Island.[9]
- ALLinHK and Hong Kong Indigenous: An electoral alliance formed by six post-Occupy groups emerged from the 2014 protests, consisting of Youngspiration, East Kowloon Community, Tin Shui Wai New Force, Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power, Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power and Tuen Mun Community, field candidates in four of the five constituencies while supporting Hong Kong Indigenous's Edward Leung who received a better-than-expected result in the February by-election to run again.[10][44] Youngspiration's convenor Baggio Leung Chung-hang who initially intended to run in Hong Kong Island and stood in New Territories West finally submitted his nomination to stand in New Territories East in the wake of the Electoral Affairs Commission's new election measure, which he claimed to be a "substitute candidate" in case Edward Leung was disqualified in the constituency.[45]
- Hong Kong National Party (HKNP): Convenor Chan Ho-tin of the first party who officially advocated for Hong Kong independence planned to run in New Territories West but was disqualified, as the Electoral Affairs Commission (EAC) claimed that Chan's platform violated the Basic Law.[21]
Others
- Path of Democracy: The moderate group led by former Civic Party legislator Ronny Tong fielded two candidates, governors Gary Wong Chi-him and Raymond Mak Ka-chun in Hong Kong Island and New Territories East after co-convenor Joseph Lau Pui-wing, who initially considered running in New Territories East, pulled out before the nomination period.[46][47]
- Third Side: The new "middle-of-the-road" party led by former Democratic Party vice-chairman Tik Chi-yuen planned to field candidates in Kowloon West and two New Territories constituencies, but later drop the plan to run in New Territories East and triggered the departure of ten party member including two vice-chairmen Marcus Liu Tin-shing and Ben Kuen Ping-yiu.[48][49][50] Liu and Kuen later led an independent ticket in New Territories East while another party member Wong Sing-chi decided to run in Social Welfare as an independent without the party's nomination.
Retiring incumbents
Results
Template:Hong Kong legislative election, 2016
Candidate lists and results
As of 29 July 2016, the nominations received by the Electoral Affairs Commission listed as following:[51] Template:Hong Kong legislative election, 2016 comprehensive
See also
References
- ^ The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government (2013). Methods for Selecting the Chief Executive in 2017 and for Forming the Legislative Council in 2016 Consultation Document (PDF). p. 3.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - ^ "Full text of NPC decision on universal suffrage for HKSAR chief selection". Xinhua. 31 August 2014. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
- ^ "'Snitch line' in operation against school boycotters in H.K." GlobalPost. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
- ^ "Hong Kong Students to Boycott Classes If Democracy Demands Aren't Met". The Wall Street Journal. 21 August 2014. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
{{cite web}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter|authors=(help) - ^ Ong, Larry (25 March 2015). "Hong Kong's Leader Calls on Voters to Oust the Opposition". Epoch Times.
- ^ a b c Ng, Joyce (4 February 2016). "Thunderbolt plan: Benny Tai devises proposal for Hong Kong pan-democrats to win half of legislative seats in September poll". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Mok, Danny (3 May 2016). "Will 'Thunderbolt Plan' fizzle? NeoDemocrats won't join proposed pan-dem primary aimed at securing Legco 'super seats'". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Chung, Kang-chung (2 March 2016). "All Around Town: So which Hong Kong politician keeps gunning for losing candidate?". South China Morning Post.
- ^ a b "本土組織將派5人出選立會 陳雲或出戰新界東". Apple Daily. 29 February 2016.
- ^ a b "青年新政等六組織 組聯盟戰立會 倡2021香港自決公投". Stand News. 10 April 2016.
- ^ "效法時代力量突圍 香港學運領袖擬組黨參政". Liberty Times. 17 February 2016.
- ^ a b "香港眾志成立 羅冠聰、舒琪、黎汶洛出選立會". Stand News. 10 April 2016.
- ^ Lam, Jeffie (11 April 2016). "Hong Kong's new pro-democracy groups pose new problems for traditional pan-democrat camp". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Cheung, Gary (11 May 2016). "HKTV's Ricky Wong plans to run in Legco elections, with CY Leung's exit as key campaign platform". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Lam, Jeffie; Cheung, Tony (29 July 2016). "Double trouble for CY Leung? John Tsang announces possible bid for Hong Kong's top job soon after Jasper Tsang does the same". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Cheung, Gary; Cheung, Tony (17 June 2016). "Hong Kong pro-establishment candidates could lose votes following bookseller revelations". South China Morning Post.
- ^ a b Ng, Joyce; Ng, Kang-chung (14 July 2016). "'Accept Hong Kong is part of China or you can't run in Legco elections'". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Cheng, Kris (26 July 2016). "Election officials email more pro-independence LegCo candidates asking about political stance". Hong Kong Free Press.
- ^ Fung, Owen (28 July 2016). "Hong Kong localist gives in to election rule while others stick to their guns and are cleared to run". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Un, Phoenix (22 July 2016). "Pan-dems reject poll declaration". The Standard.
- ^ a b c Tsang, Emily; Cheung, Elizabeth (30 July 2016). "Hong Kong National Party convenor disqualified from running in Legislative Council polls". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Lam, Jeffie (31 July 2016). "'I was disqualified': second Hong Kong localist candidate barred from running in Legco elections". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Ng, Joyce (1 August 2016). "Two radical Hong Kong localists await their fate while a third Legco candidate is banned". South China Morning Post.
- ^ "梁天琦遭選管會 取消參選資格". Stand News. 2 August 2016.
- ^ "政情 民建聯9月立會參選名單 「四元老」引退 周浩鼎戰超區". HK01. 5 March 2016.
- ^ "政情 民建聯落實真‧選舉". Now TV. 4 February 2016.
- ^ "民建聯初選 劉國勳得票勝三對手 料接葉國謙棒選立會". HK01. 24 March 2016.
- ^ "民建聯拍板派一隊選立會港島 鍾樹根：無奈被棄". Apple Daily. 1 June 2016.
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- ^ Lam, Jeffie (31 December 2015). "Hong Kong Democratic Party leader Emily Lau decides not to seek re-election in 2016". South China Morning Post.
- ^ "Two-front battle: traditional pan-democrats face off against pro-establisment camp and radicals". South China Morning Post. 10 July 2016.
- ^ "【立會選舉】工黨擬於五區派人參選 李卓人何秀蘭張超雄尋求連任". HK01. 18 February 2016.
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- ^ a b "范國威「轉軚」 擬選超區議席 當年反政改退民主黨 今稱為開拓本土票源". Ming Pao. 2 March 2016.
- ^ "民協何啟明欲選「超級」 嫌民協老鬼唔識講sound bite". HK01. 26 January 2016.
- ^ "青年新政：立會選舉不會與本民前撞區出選". Now News. 1 March 2016.
- ^ "Localists submit nomination for 'substitute candidate' in LegCo election". Hong Kong Free Press. 29 July 2016.
- ^ Cheung, Tony (27 May 2016). "Moderate Hong Kong group Path of Democracy set to field three candidates in Legislative Council elections". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Ng, Kang-chung (23 June 2016). "Moderate Hong Kong political groups seek closer co-operation in Legco elections". South China Morning Post.
- ^ "政Whats噏： 新思維選舉名單 黃成智慘被飛". Orential Daily. 30 April 2016.
- ^ "新思維擬三人戰立會九西直選 狄志遠：正與民主思路協調". HK01. 5 July 2016.
- ^ "We quit: 10 members from middle-of-the-road political party Third Side leave due to differences". South China Morning Post. 22 July 2016.
- ^ "Nomination of Candidates". Electoral Affairs Commission.
External links
Official websites
- 2016 Legislative Council election official website
- Electoral Affairs Commission
- Legislative Council of Hong Kong
Manifestos and platforms
- Civic Party: "Our Future Our Say"
- Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong: "Moving Forward · Hong Kong"
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