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The '''2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council general election''' will be held on 4 September 2016 for the 6th [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong]] (LegCo). A total of 70 members, 35 from [[geographical constituency|geographical constituencies]] (GCs) and 35 from [[functional constituency (Hong Kong)|functional constituencies]] (FCs), will be returned. The election comes after the rejection of the [[2015 Hong Kong electoral reform|constitutional reform proposals]] which suggested the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council remains unchanged.
The '''2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election''' will be held on 4 September 2016 for the 6th [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong]] (LegCo). A total of 70 members, 35 from [[geographical constituency|geographical constituencies]] (GCs) and 35 from [[functional constituency (Hong Kong)|functional constituencies]] (FCs), will be returned. The election comes after the rejection of the [[2015 Hong Kong electoral reform|constitutional reform proposals]] which suggested the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council remains unchanged.


==Background==
==Background==
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===Electoral reform and Umbrella Revolution===
===Electoral reform and Umbrella Revolution===
{{main||2014–15 Hong Kong electoral reform|2014 Hong Kong protests}}
{{main||2014–15 Hong Kong electoral reform|2014 Hong Kong protests}}
The election comes after the rejection of [[2015 Hong Kong electoral reform|constitutional reform proposals]] carried out by the [[Leung Chun-ying as Chief Executive of Hong Kong|Leung Chun-ying administration]] in mid-2015. The constitutional reform proposals suggested the electoral method for the Legislative Council (LegCo) in 2016 to be unchanged as the [[National People's Congress Standing Committee]] (NPCSC) ruled out the possible [[universal suffrage]] in 2016 but states that the LegCo may be elected by universal suffrage after the [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong|Chief Executive]] (CE) is elected by universal suffrage which may be implemented in 2017,<ref>{{cite book|title=Methods for Selecting the Chief Executive in 2017 and for Forming the Legislative Council in 2016 Consultation Document|author=The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government|year=2013|p=3|ref=harv|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/ca/papers/ca1209-cdoc20131204-e.pdf}}</ref>
The election comes after the rejection of [[2015 Hong Kong electoral reform|constitutional reform proposals]] carried out by the [[Leung Chun-ying as Chief Executive of Hong Kong|Leung Chun-ying administration]] in mid-2015 which suggested the electoral method for the Legislative Council (LegCo) in 2016 to be unchanged.<ref>{{cite book|title=Methods for Selecting the Chief Executive in 2017 and for Forming the Legislative Council in 2016 Consultation Document|author=The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government|year=2013|p=3|ref=harv|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/ca/papers/ca1209-cdoc20131204-e.pdf}}</ref> On 31 August 2014, the [[National People's Congress Standing Committee]] (NPCSC) set limits for the 2016 Legislative Council and [[Hong Kong Chief Executive election, 2017|2017 Chief Executive elections]]. While reaffirming the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council election remained unchanged, the NPCSC decision allowed the Chief Executive (CE) to be directly elected but "unpatriotic" candidates would have to be screened out by a Beijing-controlled nominating committee.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-08/31/c_133609238.htm | title=Full text of NPC decision on universal suffrage for HKSAR chief selection | publisher=Xinhua | date=31 August 2014 | accessdate=31 August 2014}}</ref> In response to the NPCSC decision, the student activists staged a [[2014 Hong Kong class boycott campaign|class boycott]] which led into a months-long [[2014 Hong Kong protests|large-scale occupy movement]] as proposed by the [[Occupy Central with Love and Peace|Occupy Central]], which was referred as the "Umbrella Revolution.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/kyodo-news-international/140908/snitch-line-operation-against-school-boycotters-hk|title='Snitch line' in operation against school boycotters in H.K. |work=GlobalPost|accessdate=10 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://online.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-students-to-boycott-classes-if-democracy-demands-arent-met-1408621259|title=Hong Kong Students to Boycott Classes If Democracy Demands Aren't Met |authors= Yung, Chester; Ngai, Edward|date=21 August 2014|work=The Wall Street Journal|accessdate=10 September 2014}}</ref>


⚫
The government proposals eventually failed to gain the required two-thirds support in the Legislative Council as the [[pan-democrats]] vetoed it on 18 June 2015. In response to the occupy movement and rejection of the proposals, Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying urged the voters to "punish" the opposition democratic candidates by voting them out in the upcoming legislative election.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong’s Leader Calls on Voters to Oust the Opposition|url=http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1298483-hong-kongs-leader-calls-on-voters-to-oust-the-opposition/|date=25 March 2015|first=Larry|last=Ong|work=Epoch Times}}</ref>
On 31 August 2014, the NPCSC set limits for the 2016 Legislative Council and 2017 Chief Executive elections. While allowing the CE to be elected by all electorates, "unpatriotic" candidates would have to be screened out by a Beijing-controlled nominating committee. The NPCSC decision also reaffirms the electoral method for the 2016 remains unchanged.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-08/31/c_133609238.htm | title=Full text of NPC decision on universal suffrage for HKSAR chief selection | publisher=Xinhua | date=31 August 2014 | accessdate=31 August 2014}}</ref> In response to the NPCSC decision, the [[Hong Kong Federation of Students]] and the student pressure group [[Scholarism]] staged a co-ordinated [[2014 Hong Kong class boycott campaign|class boycott]] which later led into a months-long [[2014 Hong Kong protests|large-scale occupy movement]], as proposed by the [[Occupy Central with Love and Peace|Occupy Central]] movement, which was referred as the "Umbrella Revolution.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/kyodo-news-international/140908/snitch-line-operation-against-school-boycotters-hk|title='Snitch line' in operation against school boycotters in H.K. |work=GlobalPost|accessdate=10 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://online.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-students-to-boycott-classes-if-democracy-demands-arent-met-1408621259|title=Hong Kong Students to Boycott Classes If Democracy Demands Aren't Met |authors= Yung, Chester; Ngai, Edward|date=21 August 2014|work=The Wall Street Journal|accessdate=10 September 2014}}</ref>

⚫
The government proposals eventually failed to gain the required two-thirds support in the Legislative Council as the [[pan-democrats]] vetoed it on 18 June 2015. In response to the occupy movement and reform, Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying urged the voters to "punish" the opposition democratic candidates by voting them out in the upcoming legislative election.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong’s Leader Calls on Voters to Oust the Opposition|url=http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1298483-hong-kongs-leader-calls-on-voters-to-oust-the-opposition/|date=25 March 2015|first=Larry|last=Ong|work=Epoch Times}}</ref>


===Thunderbolt plan===
===Thunderbolt plan===
[[Occupy Central with Love and Peace|Occupy Central]] co-founder [[Benny Tai]], who was inspired by the electoral victory the [[Democratic Progressive Party]] received in the [[Taiwanese legislative election, 2016|2016 Taiwanese legislative election]], has mapped out a "thunderbolt plan" for [[pan-democrats]] to grab half of the seats in the Legislative Council election in order to have much stronger bargaining power in future political reform. He suggests the non-[[pro-Beijing camp]] to field no more than 23 lists if their goal is to win 23 seats in the [[geographical constituencies]], six tickets for nine-seat [[New Territories West (constituency)|New Territories West]] and [[New Territories East (constituency)|New Territories East]], four tickets for six-seat [[Hong Kong Island (constituency)|Hong Kong Island]] and [[Kowloon West (constituency)|Kowloon West]], and three for five-seat [[Kowloon East (constituency)|Kowloon East]] respectively.<ref name="thunderbolt">{{cite news|title=Thunderbolt plan: Benny Tai devises proposal for Hong Kong pan-democrats to win half of legislative seats in September poll|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1909364/thunderbolt-plan-benny-tai-devises-proposal-hong-kong-pan|first=Joyce|last=Ng|date=4 February 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post}}</ref>
In early 2016, Occupy Central co-founder [[Benny Tai]], who was inspired by the electoral victory the [[Democratic Progressive Party]] received in the [[Taiwanese legislative election, 2016|2016 Taiwanese legislative election]], has mapped out a "thunderbolt plan" for [[pan-democrats]] to grab half of the seats in the Legislative Council election in order to have much stronger bargaining power in future political reform. He suggests the non-[[pro-Beijing camp]] to field no more than 23 lists if their goal is to win 23 seats in the [[geographical constituencies]], six tickets for nine-seat [[New Territories West (constituency)|New Territories West]] and [[New Territories East (constituency)|New Territories East]], four tickets for six-seat [[Hong Kong Island (constituency)|Hong Kong Island]] and [[Kowloon West (constituency)|Kowloon West]], and three for five-seat [[Kowloon East (constituency)|Kowloon East]] respectively.<ref name="thunderbolt">{{cite news|title=Thunderbolt plan: Benny Tai devises proposal for Hong Kong pan-democrats to win half of legislative seats in September poll|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1909364/thunderbolt-plan-benny-tai-devises-proposal-hong-kong-pan|first=Joyce|last=Ng|date=4 February 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post}}</ref>


For the [[functional constituency (Hong Kong)|functional constituencies]], Tai suggested that besides retaining the current six trade-based functional constituencies and three [[District Council (Second)]] super seats, the camp needs to target three additional seats in [[Medical (constituency)|Medical]], [[Engineering (constituency)|Engineering]] and [[Architectural, Surveying and Planning (constituency)|Architectural, Surveying and Planning]].<ref name="thunderbolt"/>
For the [[functional constituency (Hong Kong)|functional constituencies]], Tai suggested that besides retaining the current six trade-based functional constituencies and three territory-wide directly elected [[District Council (Second)]] super seats, the camp needs to target three additional seats in [[Medical (constituency)|Medical]], [[Engineering (constituency)|Engineering]] and [[Architectural, Surveying and Planning (constituency)|Architectural, Surveying and Planning]].<ref name="thunderbolt"/>


Tai has met with reservations from some pro-democracy politicians. Democrat legislator [[Sin Chung-kai]] said Tai’s idea would be "difficult to implement" as doubted the umbrella soldiers and radical parties would be willing to collaborate. [[Albert Chan]] of radical [[People Power (Hong Kong)|People Power]] dismissed Tai’s scheme as "nightmare".<ref name="thunderbolt"/> [[Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood]] (ADPL) chairwoman [[Rosanda Mok]] on the other hand has been actively attempted in implementing the plan.
Tai has met with reservations from some pro-democracy politicians. Democrat legislator [[Sin Chung-kai]] said Tai’s idea would be "difficult to implement" as doubted the umbrella soldiers and radical parties would be willing to collaborate. [[Albert Chan]] of the radical [[People Power (Hong Kong)|People Power]] dismissed Tai’s scheme as "nightmare".<ref name="thunderbolt"/> [[Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood]] (ADPL) chairwoman [[Rosanda Mok]] on the other hand had been actively campaigned for the plan. Tai's plan hit its first setback when the [[Neo Democrats]] decided not to support the proposed coordinating mechanism for the District Council (Second) super seats in May.<ref>{{cite news|title=Will ‘Thunderbolt Plan’ fizzle? NeoDemocrats won’t join proposed pan-dem primary aimed at securing Legco ‘super seats’|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1940603/will-thunderbolt-plan-fizzle-neodemocrats-wont-join-proposed|first=Danny|last=Mok|date=3 May 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post}}</ref>


⚫
===Emergence of new political forces===
Tai's plan hit its first setback when the [[Neo Democrats]] decided not to support the proposed coordinating mechanism for the District Council (Second) super seats in May.<ref>{{cite news|title=Will ‘Thunderbolt Plan’ fizzle? NeoDemocrats won’t join proposed pan-dem primary aimed at securing Legco ‘super seats’|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1940603/will-thunderbolt-plan-fizzle-neodemocrats-wont-join-proposed|first=Danny|last=Mok|date=3 May 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post}}</ref>
⚫
The emergence of new political groups led by young activists is set to shake up the political landscape of Hong Kong. [[Edward Leung]] of [[Hong Kong Indigenous]], a [[Hong Kong independence|pro-independence]] [[localism in Hong Kong|localist]] group, received a better-than expected result in the [[New Territories East by-election, 2016|New Territories East by-election]] in February 2016 by taking more than 66,000 votes and gaining about 15 percent of the total votes. After the election, Leung claimed localism had gained a foothold as the third most important power in local politics, standing side by side with the pan-democracy and pro-Beijing camps.<ref>{{cite news|title=All Around Town: So which Hong Kong politician keeps gunning for losing candidate?|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1919713/all-around-town-so-which-hong-kong-politician-keeps-gunning|date=2 March 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post|first=Kang-chung|last=Chung}}</ref> A day after the election, three localist groups, [[Wong Yuk-man]]'s [[Proletariat Political Institute]], [[Wong Yeung-tat]]'s [[Civic Passion]] and [[Chin Wan]]'s [[Hong Kong Resurgence Order]], announced to run in the upcoming election,<ref name="localist">{{cite news|title=本土組織將派5人出選立會 陳雲或出戰新界東|date=29 February 2016|newspaper=Apple Daily|url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20160229/54812833}}</ref> while Hong Kong Indigenous and another new pro-independence [[Hong Kong National Party]] also stated that they will run in the upcoming election.


On 10 April 2016. six localist groups which emerged after the 2014 Umbrella Revolution, [[Youngspiration]], [[East Kowloon Community]], Tin Shui Wai New Force, Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power, Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power and Tuen Mun Community, formed an electoral alliance under the name "ALLinHK" planned to field candidates in four of the five geographical constituencies with the agenda to put forward a referendum on Hong Kong's [[self-determination]].<ref name="youngspiration">{{cite news|url=https://www.thestandnews.com/politics/%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%89%E5%85%AD%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94-%E7%B5%84%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F%E6%88%B0%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83-%E5%80%A12021%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%87%AA%E6%B1%BA%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95/|title=青年新政等六組織　組聯盟戰立會　倡2021香港自決公投|date=10 April 2016|work=Stand News}}</ref>
⚫
===Emergence of new political forces===
⚫
The emergence of new political groups led by young activists is set to shake up the political landscape of Hong Kong. [[Hong Kong Indigenous]], a [[Hong Kong independence|pro-independence]] [[localism in Hong Kong|localist]] group, faire well in the [[New Territories East by-election, 2016|February New Territories East by-election]] by receiving more than 66,000 votes, coming third after pan-democratic Civic Party and pro-Beijing DAB, gaining about 15 percent of the total votes. A day after the election, localist groups including [[Wong Yuk-man]]'s [[Proletariat Political Institute]], [[Wong Yeung-tat]]'s [[Civic Passion]] and [[Chin Wan]]'s [[Hong Kong Resurgence Order]] announced a plan to field candidates in all five geographical constituencies.<ref name="localist">{{cite news|title=本土組織將派5人出選立會 陳雲或出戰新界東|date=29 February 2016|newspaper=Apple Daily|url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20160229/54812833}}</ref>


On 10 April 2016. six post-Occupy organisations, [[Youngspiration]], [[East Kowloon Community]], Tin Shui Wai New Force, Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power, Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power and Tuen Mun Community, political groups formed after the Umbrella Revolution, formed an electoral alliance planned to field candidates in four of the five [[geographical constituencies]] with the agenda to put forward a referendum on Hong Kong's [[self-determination]].<ref name="youngspiration">{{cite news|url=https://www.thestandnews.com/politics/%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%89%E5%85%AD%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94-%E7%B5%84%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F%E6%88%B0%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83-%E5%80%A12021%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%87%AA%E6%B1%BA%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95/|title=青年新政等六組織　組聯盟戰立會　倡2021香港自決公投|date=10 April 2016|work=Stand News}}</ref> Hong Kong Indigenous and another new pro-independence [[Hong Kong National Party]] also stated that they will run in the upcoming election.
On the same day on 10 April 2016, the student leaders in the Umbrella Revolution, [[Joshua Wong Chi-fung|Joshua Wong]], Oscar Lai and Agnes Chow of [[Scholarism]] and [[Nathan Law]] of the [[Hong Kong Federation of Students]] (HKFS), inspired by Taiwan's [[New Power Party]] which was formed by the [[Sunflower Movement]] leaders and fared well in the [[Taiwanese legislative election, 2016|2016 Taiwanese legislative election]], formed a new party called [[Demosisto]].<ref>{{cite news|title=效法時代力量突圍 香港學運領袖擬組黨參政|url=http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/1604552|date=17 February 2016|work=Liberty Times}}</ref> The new party calls for referendum on Hong Kong's future after 2047 when the [[One Country, Two Systems]] is supposed to expire.<ref name="demosisto">{{cite news|url=https://www.thestandnews.com/politics/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%9C%BE%E5%BF%97%E6%88%90%E7%AB%8B-%E7%BE%85%E5%86%A0%E8%81%B0-%E8%88%92%E7%90%AA-%E9%BB%8E%E6%B1%B6%E6%B4%9B%E5%87%BA%E9%81%B8%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83/|date=10 April 2016|title=香港眾志成立　羅冠聰、舒琪、黎汶洛出選立會|work=Stand News}}</ref> The party aimed to field candidates in Hong Kong Island and Kowloon East.


[[Ronny Tong]]'s [[Path of Democracy]] and [[Tik Chi-yuen]]'s [[Third Side]], the two new political groups which split from the [[Civic Party]] and [[Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic Party]] respectively, seek for a moderate "middle-of-road" path between the pro-Beijing camp and pan-democracy camp on achieving democracy. They have planned to field candidates in the geographical constituency election.
On the same day on 10 April 2016, the student leaders in the Umbrella Revolution, [[Joshua Wong Chi-fung|Joshua Wong]], Oscar Lai and Agnes Chow of [[Scholarism]] and [[Nathan Law]] of the [[Hong Kong Federation of Students]] (HKFS) also formed a new party [[Demosisto]] which was inspired by Taiwan's [[New Power Party]] which was formed by the [[Sunflower Movement]] leaders and fared well in the [[Taiwanese legislative election, 2016|2016 Taiwanese legislative election]].<ref>{{cite news|title=效法時代力量突圍 香港學運領袖擬組黨參政|url=http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/1604552|date=17 February 2016|work=Liberty Times}}</ref> The new party calls for referendum on Hong Kong's future after 2047 when the [[One Country, Two Systems]] is supposed to expire.<ref name="demosisto">{{cite news|url=https://www.thestandnews.com/politics/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%9C%BE%E5%BF%97%E6%88%90%E7%AB%8B-%E7%BE%85%E5%86%A0%E8%81%B0-%E8%88%92%E7%90%AA-%E9%BB%8E%E6%B1%B6%E6%B4%9B%E5%87%BA%E9%81%B8%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83/|date=10 April 2016|title=香港眾志成立　羅冠聰、舒琪、黎汶洛出選立會|work=Stand News}}</ref> The party aimed at fielding candidates in Hong Kong Island and Kowloon East, facing competitions from other new political groups while posing challenge to the traditional pan-democracy camp.


Due to the soaring number of candidates which may split the pro-democracy votes, political scientist Professor Ma Ngok said the pro-democracy candidates might all suffer the same fate amid infighting, even under [[proportional representation]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong’s new pro-democracy groups pose new problems for traditional pan-democrat camp|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=11 April 2016|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1935316/hong-kongs-new-pro-democracy-groups-pose-new-problems|first=Jeffie|last=Lam}}</ref>
Due to the soaring number of political groups and candidates which may split the pro-democracy votes, political scientist Professor Ma Ngok said the pro-democracy candidates might all suffer the same fate amid infighting, even under [[proportional representation]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong’s new pro-democracy groups pose new problems for traditional pan-democrat camp|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=11 April 2016|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1935316/hong-kongs-new-pro-democracy-groups-pose-new-problems|first=Jeffie|last=Lam}}</ref>


==Pre-election issues==
==Pre-election issues==
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==Contesting parties and candidates==
==Contesting parties and candidates==
===Pro-Beijing camp===
===Pro-Beijing camp===
* '''[[Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong]]''' (DAB): The DAB is the largest party in the legislature holding 13 seats. The party will field nine candidate lists in the [[geographical constituencies]] and [[District Council (Second)]] "super seats", two fewer than 2012. Four veterans, the incumbent [[President of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong|Legislative Council President]], [[Tam Yiu-chung]], [[Chan Kam-lam]] and [[Ip Kwok-him]] will step down. [[Cheung Kwok-kwan]] and Wilson Or Chong-shing will take up the candidacy in [[Hong Kong Island (constituency)|Hong Kong Island]] and [[Kowloon East (constituency)|Kowloon East]] respectively, while the [[New Territories East by-election, 2016|New Territories East by-election]] candidate [[Holden Chow]] will run in District Council (Second) alongside with chairwoman [[Starry Lee]].<ref>{{cite news|title=政情 民建聯9月立會參選名單　「四元老」引退　周浩鼎戰超區|work=HK01|date=5 March 2016|url=http://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/10350/-%E6%94%BF%E6%83%85-%E6%B0%91%E5%BB%BA%E8%81%AF9%E6%9C%88%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83%E5%8F%83%E9%81%B8%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE-%E5%9B%9B%E5%85%83%E8%80%81-%E5%BC%95%E9%80%80-%E5%91%A8%E6%B5%A9%E9%BC%8E%E6%88%B0%E8%B6%85%E5%8D%80?utm_content=buffer17e73&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer}}</ref> [[North District Council]]lor Lau Kwok-fan won the the primary for the [[District Council (First)]] functional constituency in a four-way contest.<ref>{{cite news|title=政情 民建聯落實真‧選舉|url=http://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=167634&catCode=124&topicId=611|date=4 February 2016|work=Now TV}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=民建聯初選 劉國勳得票勝三對手　料接葉國謙棒選立會|url=http://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/13387/-%E6%B0%91%E5%BB%BA%E8%81%AF%E5%88%9D%E9%81%B8-%E5%8A%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8B%B3%E5%BE%97%E7%A5%A8%E5%8B%9D%E4%B8%89%E5%B0%8D%E6%89%8B-%E6%96%99%E6%8E%A5%E8%91%89%E5%9C%8B%E8%AC%99%E6%A3%92%E9%81%B8%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83|date=24 March 2016|work=HK01}}</ref> On 1 June, the party decided to run only one slate on Hong Kong Island, instead of two in previous elections. As a consequence, Christopher Chung who found himself in second position in the candidate list, manifested his displeasure and said he was considering standing as an independent.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20160601/55174598|date=1 June 2016|newspaper=Apple Daily|title=民建聯拍板派一隊選立會港島 鍾樹根：無奈被棄}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Christopher Chung mulls leaving DAB to seek re-election|newspaper=Hong Kong Economic Journal|url=http://www.ejinsight.com/20160602-christopher-chung-mulls-leaving-dab-to-seek-re-election/|date=2 June 2016}}</ref>
* '''[[Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong]]''' (DAB): The [[Beijing-loyalist]] DAB is the largest party in the legislature holding 13 seats. The party will field nine candidate lists in the [[geographical constituencies]] and [[District Council (Second)]] direct elections, two fewer than 2012. Four veterans, the incumbent [[President of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong|Legislative Council President]], [[Tam Yiu-chung]], [[Chan Kam-lam]] and [[Ip Kwok-him]] will step down. [[Cheung Kwok-kwan]] and Wilson Or Chong-shing will take up the candidacy in [[Hong Kong Island (constituency)|Hong Kong Island]] and [[Kowloon East (constituency)|Kowloon East]] respectively, while the [[New Territories East by-election, 2016|New Territories East by-election]] candidate [[Holden Chow]] will run in District Council (Second) alongside with chairwoman [[Starry Lee]].<ref>{{cite news|title=政情 民建聯9月立會參選名單　「四元老」引退　周浩鼎戰超區|work=HK01|date=5 March 2016|url=http://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/10350/-%E6%94%BF%E6%83%85-%E6%B0%91%E5%BB%BA%E8%81%AF9%E6%9C%88%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83%E5%8F%83%E9%81%B8%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE-%E5%9B%9B%E5%85%83%E8%80%81-%E5%BC%95%E9%80%80-%E5%91%A8%E6%B5%A9%E9%BC%8E%E6%88%B0%E8%B6%85%E5%8D%80?utm_content=buffer17e73&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer}}</ref> [[North District Council]]lor Lau Kwok-fan won the the primary for the [[District Council (First)]] functional constituency in a four-way contest.<ref>{{cite news|title=政情 民建聯落實真‧選舉|url=http://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=167634&catCode=124&topicId=611|date=4 February 2016|work=Now TV}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=民建聯初選 劉國勳得票勝三對手　料接葉國謙棒選立會|url=http://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/13387/-%E6%B0%91%E5%BB%BA%E8%81%AF%E5%88%9D%E9%81%B8-%E5%8A%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8B%B3%E5%BE%97%E7%A5%A8%E5%8B%9D%E4%B8%89%E5%B0%8D%E6%89%8B-%E6%96%99%E6%8E%A5%E8%91%89%E5%9C%8B%E8%AC%99%E6%A3%92%E9%81%B8%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83|date=24 March 2016|work=HK01}}</ref> On 1 June, the party decided to run only one slate on Hong Kong Island, instead of two in previous elections. As a consequence, Christopher Chung who found himself in second position in the candidate list, manifested his displeasure and said he was considering standing as an independent.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20160601/55174598|date=1 June 2016|newspaper=Apple Daily|title=民建聯拍板派一隊選立會港島 鍾樹根：無奈被棄}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Christopher Chung mulls leaving DAB to seek re-election|newspaper=Hong Kong Economic Journal|url=http://www.ejinsight.com/20160602-christopher-chung-mulls-leaving-dab-to-seek-re-election/|date=2 June 2016}}</ref>
* '''[[Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong]]''' (BPA): BPA is the second largest party in the legislature with seven seats, six of which are elected through trade-based functional constituencies. The sole geographical constituency legislator [[Priscilla Leung]] is considering to run again in [[Kowloon West (constituency)|Kowloon West]].<ref>{{cite news|title=李梓敬否認「棄立選換經民聯區選讓路」|date=29 April 2016|newspaper=Ming Pao|url=http://news.mingpao.com/pns/dailynews/web_tc/article/20160430/s00002/1461952641566}}</ref>
* '''[[Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong]]''' (BPA): The BPA is the second largest party in the legislature with seven seats, six of which are indirectly elected through trade-based functional constituencies. The sole geographical constituency legislator [[Priscilla Leung]] is considering to run again in [[Kowloon West (constituency)|Kowloon West]].<ref>{{cite news|title=李梓敬否認「棄立選換經民聯區選讓路」|date=29 April 2016|newspaper=Ming Pao|url=http://news.mingpao.com/pns/dailynews/web_tc/article/20160430/s00002/1461952641566}}</ref>
* '''[[Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions]]''' (FTU): [[Wong Kwok-hing]], the incumbent legislator for Hong Kong Island has been tipped to run in the District Council (Second) seat, replacing the retiring [[Chan Yuen-han]]. FTU is considering fielding Chan in Kowloon West to target the new seat in the constituency, while [[Kwok Wai-keung]], the incumbent legislator of the [[Labour (constituency)|Labour]] constituency, will take up Wong's place to contest in Hong Kong Island.<ref>{{cite news|title=特稿：自由黨李梓敬戰九西 經民聯批出爾反爾|newspaper=Wen Wei Po|date=28 April 2016|url=http://paper.wenweipo.com/2016/04/28/WA1604280002.htm}}</ref>
* '''[[Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions]]''' (FTU): The pro-labour Federation has risen as the third largest political force in the legislature. [[Wong Kwok-hing]], the incumbent legislator for Hong Kong Island has been tipped to run in the District Council (Second) seat, replacing the retiring [[Chan Yuen-han]]. FTU is considering fielding Chan in Kowloon West to target the new seat in the constituency, while [[Kwok Wai-keung]], the incumbent legislator of the [[Labour (constituency)|Labour]] constituency, will take up Wong's place to contest in Hong Kong Island.<ref>{{cite news|title=特稿：自由黨李梓敬戰九西 經民聯批出爾反爾|newspaper=Wen Wei Po|date=28 April 2016|url=http://paper.wenweipo.com/2016/04/28/WA1604280002.htm}}</ref>
* '''[[Liberal Party (Hong Kong)|Liberal Party]]''': The Liberals plans to win 8 seats by fielding candidates in two geographical constituencies and five functional constituencies. District Councillors Dominic Lee Tsz-king, and Ken Chow Wing-kan will run in New Territories East and East respectively, while its sole geographical constituency legislator honorary chairman [[James Tien Pei-chun|James Tien]] may stand in second place after Lee in New Territories East after businessman [[Ricky Wong (Hong Kong businessman)|Ricky Wong]] announced his candidacy in Hong Kong Island. [[Felix Chung]], [[Tommy Cheung]] and [[Frankie Yick]] will seek re-election in the three out of four functional constituencies the Liberals currently hold, while vice-chairman [[Peter Shiu]] will take up leader [[Vincent Fang Kang|Vincent Fang]]'s place in [[Wholesale and Retail (constituency)|Wholesale and Retail]] constituency. The party may also nominate Joseph Chan Ho-lim to run in [[Commercial (First)]] against BPA's [[Jeffrey Lam]].<ref>{{cite news|title=立會選舉　田北俊擬戰港島　自由黨或派陳浩濂撼林健鋒|date=24 February 2016|newspaper=Apple Daily|url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20160224/19503266}}</ref>
* '''[[Liberal Party (Hong Kong)|Liberal Party]]''': The pro-business and anti-[[Leung Chun-ying]] Liberals plan to win 8 seats by fielding candidates in two geographical constituencies and five functional constituencies. District Councillors Dominic Lee Tsz-king, and Ken Chow Wing-kan will run in New Territories East and East respectively, while its sole geographical constituency legislator honorary chairman [[James Tien Pei-chun|James Tien]], who initially planned to stand in Hong Kong Island, may stand in second place after Lee in the New Territories East ticket after businessman [[Ricky Wong (Hong Kong businessman)|Ricky Wong]] announced his candidacy in Hong Kong Island. Incumbents [[Felix Chung]], [[Tommy Cheung]] and [[Frankie Yick]] will seek re-election in the three out of four functional constituencies the Liberals currently hold, while vice-chairman [[Peter Shiu]] will take up leader [[Vincent Fang Kang|Vincent Fang]]'s place in [[Wholesale and Retail (constituency)|Wholesale and Retail]] constituency. The party may also nominate Joseph Chan Ho-lim to run in [[Commercial (First)]] functional constituency against BPA's [[Jeffrey Lam]].<ref>{{cite news|title=立會選舉　田北俊擬戰港島　自由黨或派陳浩濂撼林健鋒|date=24 February 2016|newspaper=Apple Daily|url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20160224/19503266}}</ref>
* '''[[New People's Party (Hong Kong)|New People's Party]]''' (NPP): [[Regina Ip]]'s party has planned to field candidates with herself and [[Michael Tien]] seeking re-election in Hong Kong Island and New Territories West and barrister Eunice Yung running in New Territories East with the help of its ally [[Civil Force]] which was formed in 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=新民黨強攻新東　容海恩冀搶一席|date=9 May 2016|newspaper=Sing Tao Daily|url=http://vancouver.singtao.ca/561824/2016-05-09/post-%E6%96%B0%E6%B0%91%E9%BB%A8%E5%BC%B7%E6%94%BB%E6%96%B0%E6%9D%B1%E3%80%80%E5%AE%B9%E6%B5%B7%E6%81%A9%E5%86%80%E6%90%B6%E4%B8%80%E5%B8%AD/?variant=zh-hk}}</ref>
* '''[[New People's Party (Hong Kong)|New People's Party]]''' (NPP): [[Regina Ip]]'s party has planned to field candidates with herself and [[Michael Tien]] seeking re-election in Hong Kong Island and New Territories West and barrister Eunice Yung running in New Territories East with the help of its local ally, district-based [[Civil Force]].<ref>{{cite news|title=新民黨強攻新東　容海恩冀搶一席|date=9 May 2016|newspaper=Sing Tao Daily|url=http://vancouver.singtao.ca/561824/2016-05-09/post-%E6%96%B0%E6%B0%91%E9%BB%A8%E5%BC%B7%E6%94%BB%E6%96%B0%E6%9D%B1%E3%80%80%E5%AE%B9%E6%B5%B7%E6%81%A9%E5%86%80%E6%90%B6%E4%B8%80%E5%B8%AD/?variant=zh-hk}}</ref>
* '''[[New Progressive Alliance]]''' (NPA): Bounded by the law which disallows the statutory body [[Heung Yee Kuk]] to function as a political party, the [[Indigenous inhabitants of the New Territories (Hong Kong)|New Territories rural leaders]] led by Hau Chi-keung are setting up a new party to campaign in the election to represent rural indigenous interests.


===Pan-democracy camp===
===Pan-democracy camp===
* '''[[Civic Party]]''': The Civic Party became the largest pro-democracy party along with the Democratic Party after the 2012 election. On 27 January 2016, the party received 17 nominations for the intra-party primary on 27 January 2016. Three incumbents, [[Claudia Mo]], [[Kwok Ka-ki]] and [[Dennis Kwok]] will seek for re-election while party leader [[Alan Leong]] and [[Kenneth Chan Ka-lok|Kenneth Chan]] decided to step down.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hk.news.yahoo.com/%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E9%BB%A8%E5%85%AC%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%89%E6%84%8F%E5%8F%83%E9%81%B8%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E6%9C%83%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE%E6%A2%81%E5%AE%B6%E5%82%91%E9%99%B3%E5%AE%B6%E6%B4%9B%E7%84%A1%E5%A0%B1%E5%90%8D-195800494.html|title=公民黨公布有意參選立法會名單梁家傑陳家洛無報名|work=Commercial Radio Hong Kong}}</ref> Jeremy Janson Tam Man-ho will seek for nomination for replacing Leung in Kowloon East and [[Tanya Chan]] will contest in Hong Kong Island after she failed to get re-elected standing in Kenneth Chan's ticket in 2012. [[Sumly Chan]], a [[Tsuen Wan District Council]]lor, will also seek for nomination to run in the District Council (Second) "super seat".
* '''[[Civic Party]]''': The Civic Party became the largest pro-democracy party along with the Democratic Party in the last election. On 27 January 2016, the party received 17 nominations for the intra-party primary on 27 January 2016. Three incumbents, [[Claudia Mo]], [[Kwok Ka-ki]] and [[Dennis Kwok]] will seek for re-election while party leader [[Alan Leong]] and [[Kenneth Chan Ka-lok|Kenneth Chan]] decided to step down.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hk.news.yahoo.com/%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E9%BB%A8%E5%85%AC%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%89%E6%84%8F%E5%8F%83%E9%81%B8%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E6%9C%83%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE%E6%A2%81%E5%AE%B6%E5%82%91%E9%99%B3%E5%AE%B6%E6%B4%9B%E7%84%A1%E5%A0%B1%E5%90%8D-195800494.html|title=公民黨公布有意參選立法會名單梁家傑陳家洛無報名|work=Commercial Radio Hong Kong}}</ref> Jeremy Janson Tam Man-ho will seek for nomination for replacing Leung in Kowloon East and [[Tanya Chan]] will contest in Hong Kong Island after she failed to get re-elected standing in Kenneth Chan's ticket in 2012.
* '''[[Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic Party]]''': The Democrats were the first to set up unprecedented [[Democratic Party (Hong Kong) primaries, 2016|intra-party pre-election primaries]] for the candidacies for the Legislative Council elections.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong's Democratic Party to vote on pre-election primary proposal|date=5 December 2015|newspaper=South China Morning Post|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1886918/hong-kongs-democratic-party-vote-pre-election-primary|first=Jeffie|last=Lam}}</ref> On 31 December 2015, a total number of 14 nominations were received. Incumbents Emily Lau, [[Albert Ho]] and [[Sin Chung-kai]] will not seek re-election.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong Democratic Party leader Emily Lau decides not to seek re-election in 2016|date=31 December 2015|newspaper=South China Morning Post|first=Jeffie |last=Lam|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1896813/hong-kong-democratic-party-leader-emily-lau-decides-not-seek?page=all}}</ref> The primary results were finalised on 24 April with new faces Lam Cheuk-ting, Roy Kwong Chun-yu, Ted Hui Chi-fung and [[Andrew Wan]] contesting in the upcoming election.
* '''[[Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic Party]]''': The Democrats were the first to set up unprecedented [[Democratic Party (Hong Kong) primaries, 2016|intra-party pre-election primaries]] for the candidacies for the Legislative Council elections.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong's Democratic Party to vote on pre-election primary proposal|date=5 December 2015|newspaper=South China Morning Post|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1886918/hong-kongs-democratic-party-vote-pre-election-primary|first=Jeffie|last=Lam}}</ref> On 31 December 2015, a total number of 14 nominations were received. Incumbents Emily Lau, [[Albert Ho]] and [[Sin Chung-kai]] will not seek re-election.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong Democratic Party leader Emily Lau decides not to seek re-election in 2016|date=31 December 2015|newspaper=South China Morning Post|first=Jeffie |last=Lam|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1896813/hong-kong-democratic-party-leader-emily-lau-decides-not-seek?page=all}}</ref> The primary results were finalised on 24 April with new faces Lam Cheuk-ting, Roy Kwong Chun-yu, Ted Hui Chi-fung and [[Andrew Wan]] contesting in the upcoming election.
* '''[[Labour Party (Hong Kong)|Labour Party]]''': All three of the directly elected Labour incumbents, [[Lee Cheuk-yan]], [[Cyd Ho]] and [[Fernando Cheung]] will seek for re-election, while new chairwoman [[Suzanne Wu]] and vice-chairman Chiu Shi-shun will seek for nominations in Kowloon East and Kowloon West respectively. The nomination will be confirmed in the party congress in June.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/7861/-%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89-%E5%B7%A5%E9%BB%A8%E6%93%AC%E6%96%BC%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%80%E6%B4%BE%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%83%E9%81%B8-%E6%9D%8E%E5%8D%93%E4%BA%BA%E4%BD%95%E7%A7%80%E8%98%AD%E5%BC%B5%E8%B6%85%E9%9B%84%E5%B0%8B%E6%B1%82%E9%80%A3%E4%BB%BB|work=HK01|title=【立會選舉】工黨擬於五區派人參選　李卓人何秀蘭張超雄尋求連任|date=18 February 2016}}</ref>
* '''[[Labour Party (Hong Kong)|Labour Party]]''': All three of the directly elected Labour incumbents, [[Lee Cheuk-yan]], [[Cyd Ho]] and [[Fernando Cheung]] will seek for re-election, while chairwoman [[Suzanne Wu]] and vice-chairman Chiu Shi-shun will seek for nominations in Kowloon East and Kowloon West respectively. The nomination will be confirmed in the party congress in June.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/7861/-%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89-%E5%B7%A5%E9%BB%A8%E6%93%AC%E6%96%BC%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%80%E6%B4%BE%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%83%E9%81%B8-%E6%9D%8E%E5%8D%93%E4%BA%BA%E4%BD%95%E7%A7%80%E8%98%AD%E5%BC%B5%E8%B6%85%E9%9B%84%E5%B0%8B%E6%B1%82%E9%80%A3%E4%BB%BB|work=HK01|title=【立會選舉】工黨擬於五區派人參選　李卓人何秀蘭張超雄尋求連任|date=18 February 2016}}</ref>
* '''[[People Power–League of Social Democrats]]''': Facing challenges from the emerging post-Occupy groups, the [[League of Social Democrats]] (LSD) and the [[People Power (Hong Kong)|People Power]], radical faction in the pan-democracy camp, formed an electoral alliance in the name of "progressive democrats". The League will field nine candidates with the aim to win at least six seats, incumbent [[Leung Kwok-hung]] and [[Raymond Chan Chi-chuen|Raymond Chan]] will seek re-election in the New Territories East in separate tickets, League chairman [[Avery Ng]] and People Power former chairman [[Christopher Lau]] and chairwoman [[Erica Yuen]] will run in Kowloon West and Hong Kong Island respectively, People Power's Tam Tak-chi in Kowloon East, while League vice-chairman Raphael Wong Ho-ming will form a join ticket with Albert Chan in New Territories West.<ref>{{cite news|title=Radical move: two rival Hong Kong parties unite|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1975347/radical-move-two-rival-hong-kong-parties-unite|date=14 June 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post|first=Kang-chung|last=Ng}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=社民連公布立法會選舉初選名單|url=http://cablenews.i-cable.com/ci/videopage/news/476742/%E5%8D%B3%E6%99%82%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E/%E7%A4%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%80%A3%E5%85%AC%E5%B8%83%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E6%9C%83%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89%E5%88%9D%E9%81%B8%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE|work=Cable TV news|date=21 February 2016}}</ref><ref name="Fan">{{cite news|title=范國威「轉軚」 擬選超區議席 當年反政改退民主黨 今稱為開拓本土票源|date=2 March 2016|newspaper=Ming Pao|url=http://news.mingpao.com/pns/dailynews/web_tc/article/20160303/s00002/1456941039151}}</ref>
* '''[[People Power–League of Social Democrats]]''': Facing challenges from the emerging radical post-Occupy groups, the [[League of Social Democrats]] (LSD) and the [[People Power (Hong Kong)|People Power]], radical faction in the pan-democracy camp, formed an electoral alliance in the name of "progressive democrats". The League will field nine candidates with the aim to win at least six seats, incumbent [[Leung Kwok-hung]] and [[Raymond Chan Chi-chuen|Raymond Chan]] will seek re-election in the New Territories East with two tickets respectively, League chairman [[Avery Ng]] and People Power former chairman [[Christopher Lau]] and chairwoman [[Erica Yuen]] will run in Kowloon West and Hong Kong Island respectively, People Power's Tam Tak-chi in Kowloon East, while League vice-chairman Raphael Wong Ho-ming will form a join ticket with People Power's [[Albert Chan]] in New Territories West.<ref>{{cite news|title=Radical move: two rival Hong Kong parties unite|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1975347/radical-move-two-rival-hong-kong-parties-unite|date=14 June 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post|first=Kang-chung|last=Ng}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=社民連公布立法會選舉初選名單|url=http://cablenews.i-cable.com/ci/videopage/news/476742/%E5%8D%B3%E6%99%82%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E/%E7%A4%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%80%A3%E5%85%AC%E5%B8%83%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E6%9C%83%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89%E5%88%9D%E9%81%B8%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE|work=Cable TV news|date=21 February 2016}}</ref><ref name="Fan">{{cite news|title=范國威「轉軚」 擬選超區議席 當年反政改退民主黨 今稱為開拓本土票源|date=2 March 2016|newspaper=Ming Pao|url=http://news.mingpao.com/pns/dailynews/web_tc/article/20160303/s00002/1456941039151}}</ref>
* '''[[Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood]]''' (ADPL): Although barring from running in the same constituency as he lost his [[District Councils of Hong Kong|District Council]] seat in the [[Hong Kong local elections, 2015|2015 local election]], incumbent District Council (Second) legislator [[Frederick Fung]] intends to run in the geographical constituency in the September election. 2012 candidate and vice-chairman Tam Kwok-kiu narrowly defeated chairwoman [[Rosanda Mok]] in the primary for Kowloon West, while [[Sham Shui Po District Council]]lor Ho Kai-ming intends to run in the District Council (Second) seat.<ref>{{cite news|title=民協何啟明欲選「超級」　嫌民協老鬼唔識講sound bite|url=http://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/4316/%E6%B0%91%E5%8D%94%E4%BD%95%E5%95%9F%E6%98%8E%E6%AC%B2%E9%81%B8-%E8%B6%85%E7%B4%9A-%E5%AB%8C%E6%B0%91%E5%8D%94%E8%80%81%E9%AC%BC%E5%94%94%E8%AD%98%E8%AC%9Bsound-bite|date=26 January 2016|work=HK01}}</ref>
* '''[[Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood]]''' (ADPL): Although barring from running in the District Council (Second) constituency after he lost his [[District Councils of Hong Kong|District Council]] seat in the [[Hong Kong local elections, 2015|2015 District Council election]], incumbent legislator [[Frederick Fung]] intends to run in the geographical constituency in the upcoming election. 2012 Kowloon West candidate and vice-chairman Tam Kwok-kiu narrowly defeated chairwoman [[Rosanda Mok]] in a primary to stand in the same constituency, while [[Sham Shui Po District Council]]lor Ho Kai-ming intends to run in the District Council (Second) seat.<ref>{{cite news|title=民協何啟明欲選「超級」　嫌民協老鬼唔識講sound bite|url=http://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/4316/%E6%B0%91%E5%8D%94%E4%BD%95%E5%95%9F%E6%98%8E%E6%AC%B2%E9%81%B8-%E8%B6%85%E7%B4%9A-%E5%AB%8C%E6%B0%91%E5%8D%94%E8%80%81%E9%AC%BC%E5%94%94%E8%AD%98%E8%AC%9Bsound-bite|date=26 January 2016|work=HK01}}</ref>
* '''[[Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre]]''' (NWSC): The long-time legislator [[Leung Yiu-chung]] for the NWSC is actively considering running in the District Council (Second) constituency, while his place in New Territories West will be succeeded by his long-time disciple Wong Yun-tat.
* '''[[Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre]]''' (NWSC): The long-time legislator [[Leung Yiu-chung]] for the NWSC is actively considering running in the District Council (Second) constituency, while his place in New Territories West will be succeeded by his long-time disciple Wong Yun-tat.
* '''[[Neo Democrats]]''': Once vowed not to participate in the District Council (Second) constituency created under the Democratic Party's [[2010 Hong Kong electoral reform|modified reform proposals]] in 2010 which the Neo Democrats broke away from the party to oppose it, the Neo Democrats has announced that it will consider fielding Kwan Wing-yip in District Council (Second). Besides its current seat held by [[Gary Fan]] in New Territories East, It has considered fielding candidate in Kowloon East and New Territories West.<ref name="Fan"/>
* '''[[Neo Democrats]]''': Once vowed not to participate in the District Council (Second) constituency created under the Democratic Party's [[2010 Hong Kong electoral reform|modified reform proposals]] in 2010 which the Neo Democrats broke away from the party to oppose it, the Neo Democrats has announced that it will consider fielding Kwan Wing-yip in District Council (Second). Besides its current seat held by [[Gary Fan]] in New Territories East, It has considered fielding candidate in Kowloon East and New Territories West.<ref name="Fan"/>
* '''[[Demosisto]]''': Chairman [[Nathan Law]] and film director [[Shu Kei]] are considering running in Hong Kong Island while Oscar Lai is considering Kowloon East.<ref name="demosisto"/>
* '''[[Demosisto]]''': The new party will field its chairman [[Nathan Law]] and film director [[Shu Kei]] in Hong Kong Island and vice-chairman Oscar Lai in Kowloon East.<ref name="demosisto"/>


===Localist groups===
===Localist groups===
* [[Wong Yeung-tat]]'s [[Civic Passion]], [[Wong Yuk-man]]'s [[Proletariat Political Institute]] and [[Chin Wan]]'s [[Hong Kong Resurgence Order]] announced a plan to field candidates in all five geographical constituencies. The initial candidates are Wong Yuk-man and Wong Yeung-tat for Kowloon West and East, Chin Wan for New Territories East, Cheng Chung-tai for New Territories West and [[Alvin Cheng]] for Hong Kong Island.<ref name="localist"/>
* [[Wong Yeung-tat]]'s [[Civic Passion]], [[Wong Yuk-man]]'s [[Proletariat Political Institute]] and [[Chin Wan]]'s [[Hong Kong Resurgence Order]] announced a plan to field candidates in all five geographical constituencies. The initial candidates are Wong Yuk-man and Wong Yeung-tat for the two Kowloon constituencies, Chin Wan for New Territories East, Cheng Chung-tai for New Territories West and [[Alvin Cheng]] for Hong Kong Island.<ref name="localist"/>
* An electoral alliance under the name of "#ALLinHK" formed by six post-Occupy groups, [[Youngspiration]], [[East Kowloon Community]], Tin Shui Wai New Force, Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power, Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power and Tuen Mun Community, is also considering running in Hong Kong Island, Kowloon East and West and New Territories West.<ref name="youngspiration"/> They will reserve a seat for [[Hong Kong Indigenous]] in New Territories East.<ref name="Hongkongindigenous">{{cite news|url=http://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=170458|title=青年新政：立會選舉不會與本民前撞區出選|date=1 March 2016|work=Now News}}</ref>
* An electoral alliance under the name of "ALLinHK" formed by six post-Occupy groups emerged from the 2014 protests, consisting of [[Youngspiration]], [[East Kowloon Community]], Tin Shui Wai New Force, Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power, Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power and Tuen Mun Community, is also considering running in four of the five constituencies, while reserving a seat for [[Hong Kong Indigenous]] in New Territories East.<ref name="youngspiration"/><ref name="Hongkongindigenous">{{cite news|url=http://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=170458|title=青年新政：立會選舉不會與本民前撞區出選|date=1 March 2016|work=Now News}}</ref>
* Other localist groups announced their interest in running included the [[Hong Kong National Party]].
* Other localist groups announced their interest in running included the [[Hong Kong National Party]].


===Others===
===Others===
* '''[[Path of Democracy]]''': The moderate group led by former legislator [[Ronny Tong]] set to field two candidates, governors Gary Wong Chi-him and Raymond Mak Ka-chun.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1956740/moderate-hong-kong-group-path-democracy-set-field-three?utm_source&utm_medium&utm_campaign=SCMPSocialNewsfeed|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=27 May 2016|first=Tony|last=Cheung|title=Moderate Hong Kong group Path of Democracy set to field three candidates in Legislative Council elections}}</ref> Co-convenor Joseph Lau Pui-wing, who initially considered running in New Territories East, pulled out before the nomination period.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1979998/moderate-hong-kong-political-groups-seek-closer-co-operation|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=23 June 2016|first=Kang-chung|last=Ng|title=Moderate Hong Kong political groups seek closer co-operation in Legco elections}}</ref>
* '''[[Path of Democracy]]''': The moderate group led by former Civic Party legislator [[Ronny Tong]] set to field two candidates, governors Gary Wong Chi-him and Raymond Mak Ka-chun. Co-convenor Joseph Lau Pui-wing, who initially considered running in New Territories East, pulled out before the nomination period.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1956740/moderate-hong-kong-group-path-democracy-set-field-three?utm_source&utm_medium&utm_campaign=SCMPSocialNewsfeed|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=27 May 2016|first=Tony|last=Cheung|title=Moderate Hong Kong group Path of Democracy set to field three candidates in Legislative Council elections}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1979998/moderate-hong-kong-political-groups-seek-closer-co-operation|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=23 June 2016|first=Kang-chung|last=Ng|title=Moderate Hong Kong political groups seek closer co-operation in Legco elections}}</ref>
* '''[[Third Side]]''': The new moderate party has planned to field candidates in the two Kowloon and two New Territories constituencies.<ref>{{cite news|title=政Whats噏： 新思維選舉名單　黃成智慘被飛|url=http://hk.on.cc/hk/bkn/cnt/news/20160430/bkn-20160430172113414-0430_00822_001.html?eventid=402883474eba8256014ebfd17f772349&eventsection=hk_news|newspaper=Orential Daily|date=30 April 2016}}</ref>
* '''[[Third Side]]''': The new "middle-of-the-road" party led by former Democratic Party vice-chairman [[Tik Chi-yuen]] has planned to field candidates in the two Kowloon and two New Territories constituencies.<ref>{{cite news|title=政Whats噏： 新思維選舉名單　黃成智慘被飛|url=http://hk.on.cc/hk/bkn/cnt/news/20160430/bkn-20160430172113414-0430_00822_001.html?eventid=402883474eba8256014ebfd17f772349&eventsection=hk_news|newspaper=Orential Daily|date=30 April 2016}}</ref>


==Retiring incumbents==
==Retiring incumbents==

Revision as of 01:50, 26 June 2016

Hong Kong legislative election, 2016
← 2012 4 September 2016 (2016-09-04) 2020 →
All 70 seats to the Legislative Council
  Starry Lee Andrew Leung Alan Leong
Leader Starry Lee Andrew Leung Alan Leong
Party DAB BPA Civic
Alliance Pro-Beijing Pro-Beijing Pan-democracy
Leader's seat District Council (Second) Industrial (First) Retiring from Kowloon East
Last election 13 seats, 20.22% 4 seats, 2.23%[n 1] 6 seats, 14.08%
Current seats 13 7 6
  Emily Lau Lam Suk-yee Vincent Fang
Leader Emily Lau Lam Suk-yee Vincent Fang
Party Democratic FTU Liberal
Alliance Pan-democracy Pro-Beijing Pro-Beijing
Leader's seat Retiring from New Territories East No seat Retiring from Wholesale and Retail
Last election 6 seats, 13.65% 6 seats, 7.06% 5 seats, 2.64%
Current seats 6 6 5
  Suzanne Wu Erica Yuen Regina Ip
Leader Suzanne Wu Erica Yuen
and Avery Ng 		Regina Ip
Party Labour PP/LSD NPP
Alliance Pan-democracy Pan-democracy Pro-Beijing
Leader's seat No seat (standing in Kowloon East) No seat (standing in Hong Kong Island) Hong Kong Island
Last election 4 seats, 6.19% 4 seats, 14.59% 2 seats, 3.76%
Current seats 4 3 2
Incumbent President

Tsang Yok-sing
DAB



The 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election will be held on 4 September 2016 for the 6th Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo). A total of 70 members, 35 from geographical constituencies (GCs) and 35 from functional constituencies (FCs), will be returned. The election comes after the rejection of the constitutional reform proposals which suggested the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council remains unchanged.

Background

Electoral reform and Umbrella Revolution

Main articles: 2014–15 Hong Kong electoral reform and 2014 Hong Kong protests

The election comes after the rejection of constitutional reform proposals carried out by the Leung Chun-ying administration in mid-2015 which suggested the electoral method for the Legislative Council (LegCo) in 2016 to be unchanged.[1] On 31 August 2014, the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) set limits for the 2016 Legislative Council and 2017 Chief Executive elections. While reaffirming the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council election remained unchanged, the NPCSC decision allowed the Chief Executive (CE) to be directly elected but "unpatriotic" candidates would have to be screened out by a Beijing-controlled nominating committee.[2] In response to the NPCSC decision, the student activists staged a class boycott which led into a months-long large-scale occupy movement as proposed by the Occupy Central, which was referred as the "Umbrella Revolution.[3][4]

The government proposals eventually failed to gain the required two-thirds support in the Legislative Council as the pan-democrats vetoed it on 18 June 2015. In response to the occupy movement and rejection of the proposals, Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying urged the voters to "punish" the opposition democratic candidates by voting them out in the upcoming legislative election.[5]

Thunderbolt plan

In early 2016, Occupy Central co-founder Benny Tai, who was inspired by the electoral victory the Democratic Progressive Party received in the 2016 Taiwanese legislative election, has mapped out a "thunderbolt plan" for pan-democrats to grab half of the seats in the Legislative Council election in order to have much stronger bargaining power in future political reform. He suggests the non-pro-Beijing camp to field no more than 23 lists if their goal is to win 23 seats in the geographical constituencies, six tickets for nine-seat New Territories West and New Territories East, four tickets for six-seat Hong Kong Island and Kowloon West, and three for five-seat Kowloon East respectively.[6]

For the functional constituencies, Tai suggested that besides retaining the current six trade-based functional constituencies and three territory-wide directly elected District Council (Second) super seats, the camp needs to target three additional seats in Medical, Engineering and Architectural, Surveying and Planning.[6]

Tai has met with reservations from some pro-democracy politicians. Democrat legislator Sin Chung-kai said Tai’s idea would be "difficult to implement" as doubted the umbrella soldiers and radical parties would be willing to collaborate. Albert Chan of the radical People Power dismissed Tai’s scheme as "nightmare".[6] Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL) chairwoman Rosanda Mok on the other hand had been actively campaigned for the plan. Tai's plan hit its first setback when the Neo Democrats decided not to support the proposed coordinating mechanism for the District Council (Second) super seats in May.[7]

Emergence of new political forces

The emergence of new political groups led by young activists is set to shake up the political landscape of Hong Kong. Edward Leung of Hong Kong Indigenous, a pro-independence localist group, received a better-than expected result in the New Territories East by-election in February 2016 by taking more than 66,000 votes and gaining about 15 percent of the total votes. After the election, Leung claimed localism had gained a foothold as the third most important power in local politics, standing side by side with the pan-democracy and pro-Beijing camps.[8] A day after the election, three localist groups, Wong Yuk-man's Proletariat Political Institute, Wong Yeung-tat's Civic Passion and Chin Wan's Hong Kong Resurgence Order, announced to run in the upcoming election,[9] while Hong Kong Indigenous and another new pro-independence Hong Kong National Party also stated that they will run in the upcoming election.

On 10 April 2016. six localist groups which emerged after the 2014 Umbrella Revolution, Youngspiration, East Kowloon Community, Tin Shui Wai New Force, Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power, Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power and Tuen Mun Community, formed an electoral alliance under the name "ALLinHK" planned to field candidates in four of the five geographical constituencies with the agenda to put forward a referendum on Hong Kong's self-determination.[10]

On the same day on 10 April 2016, the student leaders in the Umbrella Revolution, Joshua Wong, Oscar Lai and Agnes Chow of Scholarism and Nathan Law of the Hong Kong Federation of Students (HKFS), inspired by Taiwan's New Power Party which was formed by the Sunflower Movement leaders and fared well in the 2016 Taiwanese legislative election, formed a new party called Demosisto.[11] The new party calls for referendum on Hong Kong's future after 2047 when the One Country, Two Systems is supposed to expire.[12] The party aimed to field candidates in Hong Kong Island and Kowloon East.

Ronny Tong's Path of Democracy and Tik Chi-yuen's Third Side, the two new political groups which split from the Civic Party and Democratic Party respectively, seek for a moderate "middle-of-road" path between the pro-Beijing camp and pan-democracy camp on achieving democracy. They have planned to field candidates in the geographical constituency election.

Due to the soaring number of political groups and candidates which may split the pro-democracy votes, political scientist Professor Ma Ngok said the pro-democracy candidates might all suffer the same fate amid infighting, even under proportional representation.[13]

Pre-election issues

Leung Chun-ying's re-election

See also: Leung Chun-ying as Chief Executive of Hong Kong and Hong Kong Chief Executive election, 2017

The pan-democracy camp has campaigned to block Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying, whose popularity dropped to a new low, from serving a second term. Technology and media entrepreneur Ricky Wong Wai-kay, whose Hong Kong Television Network (HKTV) the free-to-air television licence was denied by Leung's Executive Council in October 2013 and sparked public uproar and protests, also started his “ABC campaign” (Anyone but CY) by announcing Leung’s exit as his key campaign platform.[14] Wong is backed by the Liberal Party, a pro-Beijing party representing the business sector which has been at odds with the Chief Executive since the 2012 Chief Executive election when the Liberals openly opposed Leung.

Causeway Bay bookseller disappearances

Main article: Causeway Bay Books disappearances

Lam Wing-kee, one of the five Causeway Bay booksellers who went missing from October 2015 returned to Hong Kong and revealed at a press conference in June 2016 that he was kidnapped at the China–Hong Kong border in October and put through eight months of mental torture. The controversy sparked concerns about whether mainland law enforcement officers were taking the law into their own hands in Hong Kong and became a blow to Hongkongers’ confidence in the "One Country, Two Systems". Professor Lau Siu-kai, former head of the Hong Kong government’s think tank, the Central Policy Unit, worried that more people may vote for pan-democracy camp in September’s election.[15]

Contesting parties and candidates

Pro-Beijing camp

Pan-democracy camp

  • Civic Party: The Civic Party became the largest pro-democracy party along with the Democratic Party in the last election. On 27 January 2016, the party received 17 nominations for the intra-party primary on 27 January 2016. Three incumbents, Claudia Mo, Kwok Ka-ki and Dennis Kwok will seek for re-election while party leader Alan Leong and Kenneth Chan decided to step down.[25] Jeremy Janson Tam Man-ho will seek for nomination for replacing Leung in Kowloon East and Tanya Chan will contest in Hong Kong Island after she failed to get re-elected standing in Kenneth Chan's ticket in 2012.
  • Democratic Party: The Democrats were the first to set up unprecedented intra-party pre-election primaries for the candidacies for the Legislative Council elections.[26] On 31 December 2015, a total number of 14 nominations were received. Incumbents Emily Lau, Albert Ho and Sin Chung-kai will not seek re-election.[27] The primary results were finalised on 24 April with new faces Lam Cheuk-ting, Roy Kwong Chun-yu, Ted Hui Chi-fung and Andrew Wan contesting in the upcoming election.
  • Labour Party: All three of the directly elected Labour incumbents, Lee Cheuk-yan, Cyd Ho and Fernando Cheung will seek for re-election, while chairwoman Suzanne Wu and vice-chairman Chiu Shi-shun will seek for nominations in Kowloon East and Kowloon West respectively. The nomination will be confirmed in the party congress in June.[28]
  • People Power–League of Social Democrats: Facing challenges from the emerging radical post-Occupy groups, the League of Social Democrats (LSD) and the People Power, radical faction in the pan-democracy camp, formed an electoral alliance in the name of "progressive democrats". The League will field nine candidates with the aim to win at least six seats, incumbent Leung Kwok-hung and Raymond Chan will seek re-election in the New Territories East with two tickets respectively, League chairman Avery Ng and People Power former chairman Christopher Lau and chairwoman Erica Yuen will run in Kowloon West and Hong Kong Island respectively, People Power's Tam Tak-chi in Kowloon East, while League vice-chairman Raphael Wong Ho-ming will form a join ticket with People Power's Albert Chan in New Territories West.[29][30][31]
  • Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL): Although barring from running in the District Council (Second) constituency after he lost his District Council seat in the 2015 District Council election, incumbent legislator Frederick Fung intends to run in the geographical constituency in the upcoming election. 2012 Kowloon West candidate and vice-chairman Tam Kwok-kiu narrowly defeated chairwoman Rosanda Mok in a primary to stand in the same constituency, while Sham Shui Po District Councillor Ho Kai-ming intends to run in the District Council (Second) seat.[32]
  • Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre (NWSC): The long-time legislator Leung Yiu-chung for the NWSC is actively considering running in the District Council (Second) constituency, while his place in New Territories West will be succeeded by his long-time disciple Wong Yun-tat.
  • Neo Democrats: Once vowed not to participate in the District Council (Second) constituency created under the Democratic Party's modified reform proposals in 2010 which the Neo Democrats broke away from the party to oppose it, the Neo Democrats has announced that it will consider fielding Kwan Wing-yip in District Council (Second). Besides its current seat held by Gary Fan in New Territories East, It has considered fielding candidate in Kowloon East and New Territories West.[31]
  • Demosisto: The new party will field its chairman Nathan Law and film director Shu Kei in Hong Kong Island and vice-chairman Oscar Lai in Kowloon East.[12]

Localist groups

Others

  • Path of Democracy: The moderate group led by former Civic Party legislator Ronny Tong set to field two candidates, governors Gary Wong Chi-him and Raymond Mak Ka-chun. Co-convenor Joseph Lau Pui-wing, who initially considered running in New Territories East, pulled out before the nomination period.[34][35]
  • Third Side: The new "middle-of-the-road" party led by former Democratic Party vice-chairman Tik Chi-yuen has planned to field candidates in the two Kowloon and two New Territories constituencies.[36]

Retiring incumbents

Constituency Departing incumbents Party
Hong Kong Island Kenneth Chan Ka-lok Civic
Sin Chung-kai Democratic
Jasper Tsang Yok-sing DAB
Kowloon East Chan Kam-lam DAB
Alan Leong Kah-kit Civic
New Territories West Tam Yiu-chung DAB
New Territories East Emily Lau Wai-hing Democratic
Heung Yee Kuk Lau Wong-fat BPA
Medical Leung Ka-lau Nonpartisan
Social Welfare Cheung Kwok-che Labour
Wholesale and Retail Vincent Fang Kang Liberal
District Council (First) Ip Kwok-him DAB
District Council (Second) Chan Yuen-han FTU
Albert Ho Chun-yan Democratic

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The votes received by Economic Synergy and Kowloon West New Dynamic.

References

  1. ^ The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government (2013). Methods for Selecting the Chief Executive in 2017 and for Forming the Legislative Council in 2016 Consultation Document (PDF). p. 3. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  2. ^ "Full text of NPC decision on universal suffrage for HKSAR chief selection". Xinhua. 31 August 2014. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  3. ^ "'Snitch line' in operation against school boycotters in H.K." GlobalPost. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
  4. ^ "Hong Kong Students to Boycott Classes If Democracy Demands Aren't Met". The Wall Street Journal. 21 August 2014. Retrieved 10 September 2014. {{cite web}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
  5. ^ Ong, Larry (25 March 2015). "Hong Kong's Leader Calls on Voters to Oust the Opposition". Epoch Times.
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External links

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