2016 Mong Kok civil unrest: Difference between revisions
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==Subsequent events== |
==Subsequent events== |
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===Arrests=== |
===Arrests=== |
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Between the end of the protests and Wednesday, 54 men and 9 women have been arrested for suspected involvement in the unrest. [[Edward Leung Tin-kei]], spokesman of the [[Hong Kong Indigenous]] and candidate for the [[New Territories East by-election, 2016|New Territories East by-election]] and around 20 members and volunteers were arrested.<ref>{{cite news|title=【旺角黑夜】本民前梁天琦被捕|url=http://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/6476/-%E6%97%BA%E8%A7%92%E9%BB%91%E5%A4%9C-%E6%9C%AC%E6%B0%91%E5%89%8D%E6%A2%81%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%A6%E8%A2%AB%E6%8D%95|date=9 February 2016|work=HK01}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=【旺角衝突】本民前稱警上門圖強行入屋 約20成員義工被捕|url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20160210/54745205|work=Apple Daily|date=9 February 2016}}</ref> |
Between the end of the protests and Wednesday, 54 men and 9 women have been arrested for suspected involvement in the unrest. [[Edward Leung Tin-kei]], spokesman of the [[Hong Kong Indigenous]] and candidate for the [[New Territories East by-election, 2016|New Territories East by-election]] and around 20 members and volunteers were arrested.<ref>{{cite news|title=【旺角黑夜】本民前梁天琦被捕|url=http://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/6476/-%E6%97%BA%E8%A7%92%E9%BB%91%E5%A4%9C-%E6%9C%AC%E6%B0%91%E5%89%8D%E6%A2%81%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%A6%E8%A2%AB%E6%8D%95|date=9 February 2016|work=HK01}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=【旺角衝突】本民前稱警上門圖強行入屋 約20成員義工被捕|url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20160210/54745205|work=Apple Daily|date=9 February 2016}}</ref> Each of the members of [[Youngspiration]] and [[Civic Passion]], two localist groups were also arrested.<ref name="gunshots"/><ref>{{cite news|title=【旺角騷亂】熱血公民成員柏洋被加控參與暴動罪|url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20160210/54746017|newspaper=Apple Daily|date=10 February 2016}}</ref> Their alleged offences include participating in unlawful assembly, attacking police officers, refusing to be arrested, obstructing the police’s work, and carrying weapons.<ref name="lamscmp"/> Some of them are also charged of taking part in a riot under the [[Public Order Ordinance]],{{Cite Hong Kong ordinance|245|19}} which has never been used since the law was amended in 1970 after the [[Hong Kong 1967 Leftist riots|1967 Leftist riots]].<ref>{{cite news|title=【旺角騷亂】暴動罪係乜？湯家驊：六七暴動後修例從未引用|url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20160209/54742616|newspaper=Apple Daily|date=9 February 2016}}</ref> |
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On 10 January a 22-year-old member of [[Scholarism]] called Derek Lam Shun-hin was arrested at [[Hong Kong International Airport]] when he tried to embark on a trip with his family to Taiwan.<ref name=arresthkfp123/> Scholarism said Lam was taken away because he attended the Mong Kok protest. The group stated that Lam arrived at 10:00 pm on Monday night and left at 2:15 am, but did not participate in any violent behavior. They stated, "Scholarism is angered by the arbitrary arrest by the police, it is shameful that supporting street hawkers will [make people] face the suppression of the regime". The police did not comment on the arrest.<ref name=arresthkfp123>{{cite news|last1=Cheng|first1=Kris|title=Student activist group member arrested at airport over alleged involvement in Mong Kok unrest|url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2016/02/10/student-activist-group-member-arrested-at-airport-over-alleged-involvement-in-mong-kok-unrest/|work=Hong Kong Free Press|date=10 February 2016}}</ref> The police also reportedly broke into Lam's flat without a warrant. Lam's school, the Divinity School of [[Chung Chi College]] at the [[Chinese University of Hong Kong]], released a statement defending the student, stating that he was not involved in any violence. The statement also condemned the entry of his flat, and demanded the police issue a comprehensive explanation.<ref>{{cite web|title=要求警方立即釋放林淳軒同學|trans-title=We demand the police immediately release Lam Shun-hin|url=https://www.theology.cuhk.edu.hk/tc/news/statement-20160210|publisher=Divinity School of Chung Chi College, Chinese University of Hong Kong|language=Chinese|date=10 October 2016}}</ref> Lam had previously been arrested for participating in the occupation of the Civic Square on [[Tim Mei Avenue]] and his trial was due to begin on 18 February.<ref name="lamscmp">{{cite news|last1=Cheung|first1=Tony|title=Former Occupy activist nabbed at Hong Kong airport over alleged involvement in Mong Kok riot|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/law-crime/article/1911424/former-occupy-activist-nabbed-hong-kong-airport-over|work=South China Morning Post|date=10 February 2016}}</ref> |
On 10 January a 22-year-old member of [[Scholarism]] called Derek Lam Shun-hin was arrested at [[Hong Kong International Airport]] when he tried to embark on a trip with his family to Taiwan.<ref name=arresthkfp123/> Scholarism said Lam was taken away because he attended the Mong Kok protest. The group stated that Lam arrived at 10:00 pm on Monday night and left at 2:15 am, but did not participate in any violent behavior. They stated, "Scholarism is angered by the arbitrary arrest by the police, it is shameful that supporting street hawkers will [make people] face the suppression of the regime". The police did not comment on the arrest.<ref name=arresthkfp123>{{cite news|last1=Cheng|first1=Kris|title=Student activist group member arrested at airport over alleged involvement in Mong Kok unrest|url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2016/02/10/student-activist-group-member-arrested-at-airport-over-alleged-involvement-in-mong-kok-unrest/|work=Hong Kong Free Press|date=10 February 2016}}</ref> The police also reportedly broke into Lam's flat without a warrant. Lam's school, the Divinity School of [[Chung Chi College]] at the [[Chinese University of Hong Kong]], released a statement defending the student, stating that he was not involved in any violence. The statement also condemned the entry of his flat, and demanded the police issue a comprehensive explanation.<ref>{{cite web|title=要求警方立即釋放林淳軒同學|trans-title=We demand the police immediately release Lam Shun-hin|url=https://www.theology.cuhk.edu.hk/tc/news/statement-20160210|publisher=Divinity School of Chung Chi College, Chinese University of Hong Kong|language=Chinese|date=10 October 2016}}</ref> Lam had previously been arrested for participating in the occupation of the Civic Square on [[Tim Mei Avenue]] and his trial was due to begin on 18 February.<ref name="lamscmp">{{cite news|last1=Cheung|first1=Tony|title=Former Occupy activist nabbed at Hong Kong airport over alleged involvement in Mong Kok riot|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/law-crime/article/1911424/former-occupy-activist-nabbed-hong-kong-airport-over|work=South China Morning Post|date=10 February 2016}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 14:38, 10 February 2016
 | This article documents a current event. Information may change rapidly as the event progresses, and initial news reports may be unreliable. The latest updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. (February 2016) |
| 2016 Mong Kok civil unrest | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 A fire set in Nelson Street by the rioters on the morning of 9 February | |||
| Date | 8–9 February 2016 | ||
| Location | |||
| Caused by |
| ||
| Methods | Rioting, vandalism, arson and assault | ||
| Parties | |||
| |||
| Lead figures | |||
Ray Wong Toi-yeung[1] | |||
| Number | |||
| |||
| Casualties and losses | |||
| 5 reporters injuries[7][5] | |||
The 2016 Mong Kok civil unrest (Chinese: 2016年旺角騷亂) occurred in Mong Kok, Hong Kong from the night of 8 February 2016 until the next morning. The incident escalated from the government's crackdown on unlicensed street hawkers during the Chinese New Year holidays. Violent clashes broke out between police and protestors. Batons and pepper spray were used by the police and two warning shots were fired into the air, while protestors threw glass bottles, bricks, flower pots and trash bins toward the police and set fires in the streets.
The Hong Kong government has classified the violent incident as a riot, while some media outlets and social media platforms have called the event "Fishball Revolution" (魚蛋革命), in reference to fishballs,[9] a popular Hong Kong street food.
Background
Hawkers crackdown
The Chinese New Year holidays have traditionally attracted many unlicensed hawkers to gather around Sai Yeung Choi Street, Mong Kok, selling Hong Kong street food and other products, as the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department do not take action on the hawkers during the holidays as they usually do for hygiene and safety reasons. However, in this year the unlicensed food hawkers had been under pressure by the FEHD's city-wide crackdown, which drew some discontent from the locals.[1]
Political context
The civil unrest is the most serious violent clash since the authorities cleared the last of the pro-democracy demonstrators from the streets in late 2014.[10] Since then the social unrest continues to worsen and protests erupt on the streets spontaneously and unexpectedly in form of small skirmishes. The unrest also takes place in the same streets protestors had occupied for 11 weeks during the 2014 occupation.[11] After the clearance in December 2014, some pro-democracy protesters continued to assemble in Mong Kok on several occasions to express their discontent with the police by pretending to shop. The relationship between the Hong Kong Police Force and the people have hit a new low since the protests, strained by controversies including the beating of protester Ken Tsang and the beating of protesters by superintendent Chu King-wai.[12]
In addition, new activist groups emerged in the wake of the Umbrella Revolution, some of them taking an anti-government and militant stance. Hong Kong Indigenous, a localist group which was formed in early 2015, had previously been involved in violent clashes with police in several anti-parallel trading protests.[13] The localist groups hold a strong anti-mainland sentiment, with the view that the increasing political and economic integration of Hong Kong and Mainland China, and the influx of Mainland tourists and immigrants are undermining Hong Kong autonomy and identity. These activist groups also protest against acts that they see as impinging on Hong Kong culture, such as the shutting down of unlicensed food hawkers which sell traditional Hong Kong street food.[14]
Course of events
Mong Kok
On 8 February, the first day of the Chinese New Year, FEHD officers attempted to clear the side streets of Mong Kok of unlicensed hawkers. Hong Kong Indigenous called for action online to shield the hawkers, and by around 9 p.m. a few hundred had gathered and verbally assaulted the FEHD officers.[1]
At around 10 p.m., a taxi driving into Portland Street accidentally hit an old man. Protesters blocked the road and prevented the taxi from leaving. The Hong Kong Police arrived and surrounded the car, warning others not to get closer. The police left shortly after and returned with a portable podium at 11:45 p.m., this sparked anger in the crowd.[15] Around midnight, violent clashes broke out between police and protestors as police urged them to clear the street. The police put on protective gear, including helmets and shields and used batons and pepper spray on the protestors,[1] while some of the protesters, equipped with home-made shields, goggles, helmets and gloves, threw glass bottles, bricks, flower pots and trash bins at the police.[7][16]
At around 2 a.m., two warning shots were fired into the air on Argyle Street by a team of traffic officers which had become surrounded by protesters and who were being pelted with pallets and rocks.[7] The scene descended into chaos as protesters charged the police line and engaged in scuffles and fighting with the police and tossed glass bottles and rubbish bins at them,[15] At 2:30 a.m., more police arrived to the scene and disperse the protestors. Standoff subsequently moves to Nathan Road at 3 a.m.[15]
At 4 a.m., the first of multiple fires was started in Sai Yeung Choi Street South, followed by three more ignited in the same street.[15] Some protestors set fire to rubbish bins surrounding Shantung Street and Soy Street, including the junctions of Fife Street and Portland Street and of Nathan Road and Nelson Street, these were put out by the police and firemen.[16] Both lanes of Nathan Road were blocked from south of Argyle Street and the Mong Kok MTR station was shut down.[7]
At 7:15 a.m., protesters were dispersed from Soy Street near Fa Yuen Street, following a long standoff, after police officers of the Police Tactical Unit were deployed.[15] Protesters gradually dispersed around 8 a.m.. The streets in Mong Kok were calm by 9:00 a.m., and Mong Kok MTR station was reopened at 9:45 a.m.[17]
A total number of 61 people were arrested, ranging in age from 15 to 70,[2][8][18] including Edward Leung Tin-kei, spokesman of the Hong Kong Indigenous and candidate for the New Territories East by-election.[19] One of the members of Youngspiration, another localist group was also arrested.[7]
In addition, Around 90 police and several reporters were reported injured.[4] The Hong Kong Journalists Association said that a Ming Pao journalist was beaten by a policeman despite stating his identity.[20] Reporters from broadcasters RTHK and TVB were also injured by protesters.[20]
Tuen Mun
Separate minor conflicts caused by a Link REIT crackdown on hawkers gathered outside of the Leung King Plaza in Leung King Estate, Tuen Mun on 8 February night. More than 200 showed up to protest against the Link REIT hawker control team's actions on combating the hawkers. It is said[citation needed] that gangsters and triad activities are involved in the event and that they act against the hawkers. Some minor clashes broke out between the officers and the protestors, which needed to be mediation by the police.[21] Two protestors were arrested and one reporter fell down during the clash and was sent to hospital.[22]
Conflicts between the control team and the public reoccurred on 9 February night. The control team was recorded beating up protesters while police stood by and prevented others to involve. A reporter was also beaten up by the control team.[23] A 31-year-old man was arrested for causing disorder in a public place. He allegedly interfered with a worker performing his duties at Leung King estate. The Link REIT distanced itself from the clashes and denied the hawker control team was its staff.[24]
Reactions
SAR government
The Hong Kong Police referred to the event as a "riot" and the protestors a "mob".[7] "Radical elements have come with self-made weapons and shields and clashed with police," Crusade Yau Siu-kei, deputy Mong Kok district commander said. "The situation ran out of control and became a riot." It also said it does not rule out the riot was "organised", claiming that prearranged vehicles were used by protesters to transport equipment.[7]
The police released a statement released at 3.23 a.m. 9 February, strongly condemning the clashes in Mong Kok, and defending its "resolute actions" including the deployment of batons, pepper spray to stop "unlawful violence acts," and vowed "resolute enforcement actions will be taken against any illegal acts to preserve public order and safeguard public safety."[7] Another statement released at 6 a.m. said: "Police reiterate that any acts endangering public order and public safety will not be tolerated. The Hong Kong community regard that the public should express their views in a rational and peaceful manner. Police will take enforcement actions decisively on law-breaking behaviours."[7]
The Hong Kong government condemned the "mobs have taken part in a riot in Mong Kok, attacking police officers on duty and media covering the incident at the site" in a statement. It stated that "the mobs would be apprehended and brought to justice."[25]
Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying justified the police firing of warning shots, as the rioters had attacked policemen who were already injured and lying on the ground. "Any big city facing a similar nature of events would classify it as a riot, not just for the government but society as a whole," he said. "The police exercised maximum restraint" when compared with other western countries.[26]
Politicians
Ip Kwok-him, a Beijing-loyalist Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB) legislator and chairman of panel of Security of the Legislative Council, defended the police decision to open fire as "appropriate" given the critical circumstances and believed it was an organised crime.[26]
Yau Tsim Mong District Council chairman Chris Ip Ngo-tung, a DAB member, also condemned the violent actions, stating his belief that the people of Hong Kong "would not agree with such barbarian acts." He thanked police and reporters for their duties during the events.[27]
The Democratic Party, a pro-democracy party, also released a statement saying that it condemns and does not tolerate any violence and acts of arson, while sending their sympathy to the injured. It urged a full investigation over the firing of warning shots by a police officer, and asked the government to reflect on the underlying problems such as the people’s frustration, their loss of faith in the government, and the government's hawker policy.[27]
Activist groups
Scholarism, a student activist group took a leading role in the 2014 protests, condemned police for using excessive force on protestors which intensified people's anger and distrust toward the police since the 2014 protests, including police manners in regard to the beating of protester Ken Tsang and the beating of protesters by superintendent Chu King-wai. It expressed shock at the police's deliberate provocation against the protestors and being the first who used violence against the people.[20][28] The group stated, "Scholarism believes that the protests fell into chaos last night because the police used inappropriate force [...] firing shots amplified emotions on both sides, and the situation spun out of control".[20]
Ray Wong Toi-yeung, convenor of the Hong Kong Indigenous who also took a role in the early stage of the protests, disagreed with Leung Chung-ying framing the clashes as "riot", stating that protestors were only helping the hawkers to do business until the police rushed into Shangtung Street at midnight. He dismissed the claim that the violent clashes were staged. He thought that throwing bricks should not be considered as fierce, as compared to other countries. He also believed that firing warning shots as inappropriate.[29]
Journalists
The Hong Kong News Executives' Association, the Hong Kong Press Photographers Association, and the Hong Kong Journalists Association (HKJA) all released statements condemning the acts of violence and verbal assaults against reporters, as well as the prevention of reporters from reporting. The Hong Kong News Executives' Association stated that these actions were a serious impediment to the freedom of the press, destroys the rule of law in Hong Kong, and deprived the public of their right to know.[30]
Social media
Hong Kong social media users took to Twitter using the hashtag #fishballrevolution, referring to a popular street food. Some highlighted the protest was about the problems faced by street food hawkers, while the other suggested that violent factions had hijacked the protest for their own means.[31]
Google Trends showed a sharp uptick in interest over fishball as in the light of the unrest, searches for “fishball” have jumped 34 percent and “fish ball” 26 percent, mainly from Singapore and the Philippines.[32]
Subsequent events
Arrests
Between the end of the protests and Wednesday, 54 men and 9 women have been arrested for suspected involvement in the unrest. Edward Leung Tin-kei, spokesman of the Hong Kong Indigenous and candidate for the New Territories East by-election and around 20 members and volunteers were arrested.[33][34] Each of the members of Youngspiration and Civic Passion, two localist groups were also arrested.[7][35] Their alleged offences include participating in unlawful assembly, attacking police officers, refusing to be arrested, obstructing the police’s work, and carrying weapons.[36] Some of them are also charged of taking part in a riot under the Public Order Ordinance,Cap. 245 § 19 which has never been used since the law was amended in 1970 after the 1967 Leftist riots.[37]
On 10 January a 22-year-old member of Scholarism called Derek Lam Shun-hin was arrested at Hong Kong International Airport when he tried to embark on a trip with his family to Taiwan.[38] Scholarism said Lam was taken away because he attended the Mong Kok protest. The group stated that Lam arrived at 10:00 pm on Monday night and left at 2:15 am, but did not participate in any violent behavior. They stated, "Scholarism is angered by the arbitrary arrest by the police, it is shameful that supporting street hawkers will [make people] face the suppression of the regime". The police did not comment on the arrest.[38] The police also reportedly broke into Lam's flat without a warrant. Lam's school, the Divinity School of Chung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, released a statement defending the student, stating that he was not involved in any violence. The statement also condemned the entry of his flat, and demanded the police issue a comprehensive explanation.[39] Lam had previously been arrested for participating in the occupation of the Civic Square on Tim Mei Avenue and his trial was due to begin on 18 February.[36]
The 63rd suspect to be arrested was a man in Sham Shui Po who was picked up after Lam's arrest.[36]
Legal experts[who?] have warned that the principle of common purpose applies to all the protesters, any individual who was part of the crowd, but who themselves had not engaged in violent acts would still be as liable to punishment by the law as those who had.[citation needed]
Complaints against police
A Ming Pao jounrnalist, surnamed Tang, said on Commercial Radio that he plans to file a formal complaint at the Complaints Against Police Office after he was filmed being pushed down and beaten by officers. In the video, Tang is heard identifying himself repeatedly as a journalist.[40] Ming Pao released a statement condemning the police officers involved and called upon the force to investigate.[40]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g "【A1頭條】本土派號召300人旺角撐小販 警噴椒驅散". Apple Daily. 9 February 2016.
- ^ a b Jenkins, Nash (9 February 2016). "Hong Kong Sees Violent Start to Chinese New Year as Protesters Clash With Police". TIME.
- ^ "【旺角夜市】防暴警出動 本土派籲群眾「自己執生」". Apple Daily. 9 February 2016.
- ^ a b Cheung, Elizabeth; Leung, Christy (9 February 2016). "54 nabbed for Mong Kok riot, says Hong Kong police chief, with more arrests to come". South China Morning Post.
- ^ a b c "【旺角騷亂】6人仍留院 一半是警員". Apple Daily. 10 February 2016.
- ^ "【旺角黑夜】警拘54人 考慮控告「參與暴動」 可判囚10年". HK01. 9 February 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Lau, Chris; Ng, Joyce; Lee, Danny (9 February 2016). "Gunshots fired as violence flares between Hong Kong police and protestors defending Mong Kok hawkers on first day of Chinese New Year". South China Morning Post.
- ^ a b "【旺角騷亂】警引用參與暴動罪 61男女被捕". Apple Daily. 9 February 2016.
- ^ VICE News. "'Fishball Revolution' Creates Chaos on Hong Kong Streets During Chinese New Year Fest". VICE News.
- ^ "Hong Kong riot police clash with protesters amid crackdown on street vendors". Reuters. 8 February 2015.
- ^ "Hong Kong Police Clash With Protesters in Chinese New Year Riots". Wall Street Journal. 9 February 2016.
- ^ Cheung, Eric (27 July 2015). "Public trust in police force reaches new low – survey". Hong Kong Free Press.
- ^ "Categories – Law & Order – 33 arrested in Yuen Long protest". Government of Hong Kong. 28 February 2015.
- ^ Ramzy, Austin (8 February 2016). "Protesters and Police Clash at Chinese New Year Festivities in Hong Kong". New York Times.
- ^ a b c d e Lau, Chris (9 January 2016). "Timeline and map: how the Mong Kok street hawker hygiene clampdown became a full-scale riot". South China Morning Post.
- ^ a b "【旺角衝突直播中】更新開槍片段: 警員開兩槍全程直擊". Apple Daily. 9 February 2016.
- ^ "騷亂過後回復平靜 港鐵旺角站重開". Apple Daily. 9 February 2016.
- ^ "【旺角衝突】警方拘捕24示威者 警員及記者44人傷". Apple Daily. 9 February 2016.
- ^ "【旺角黑夜】本民前梁天琦被捕". HK01.
- ^ a b c d Cheung, Karen (9 February 2016). "Protester violence in Mong Kok and police reaction condemned by political and activist groups". Hong Kong Free Press.
- ^ "【新春小販】不滿領展「管理員」禁錮良景小販 市民聲援爆衝突". HK01. 8 February 2016.
- ^ "良景邨夜市爆衝突 記者被推倒在地 兩男子被捕". Ming Pao. 9 February 2016.
- ^ "惡煞「管理員」暴力趕良景小販 高永文避答". Apple Daily. 10 February 2016.
- ^ Fung, Owen; Lee, Eddie (10 February 2016). "'I will be here until they kill us' – street vendors at Hong Kong estate defiant after simmering unrest turns violent". South China Morning Post.
- ^ "The Government condemns mob activities". Hong Kong Government. 9 February 2016.
- ^ a b Sun, Nikki (9 January 2016). "Hong Kong New Year fireworks will not be cancelled: Chief Executive CY Leung condemns Mong Kok protesters, supports police tactics". South China Morning Post.
- ^ a b "【旺角衝突】民主黨譴責暴力縱火行為 促查警開槍檢討社會矛盾". Apple Daily. 9 January 2016.
- ^ "【旺角衝突】學民思潮斥警激化矛盾 譴責舉槍指嚇棍毆市民". Apple Daily. 9 January 2016.
- ^ "【旺角衝突】黃台仰：掟磚非激烈事前冇準備 焦點應放在警濫權". Apple Daily. 9 January 2016.
- ^ "【旺角衝突】記者被磚打中 多個新聞協會強烈讉責". Apple Daily. 9 January 2016.
- ^ Ma, Laura; Blund, Rachel (9 January 2016). "#Fishballrevolution: Hong Kong's social media users react to violent Mong Kok hawker protest". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Moss, Daniel (10 January 2016). "Fishball spike: world searches for meaning in Hong Kong treat that helped spark a riot". South China Morning Post.
- ^ "【旺角黑夜】本民前梁天琦被捕". HK01. 9 February 2016.
- ^ "【旺角衝突】本民前稱警上門圖強行入屋 約20成員義工被捕". Apple Daily. 9 February 2016.
- ^ "【旺角騷亂】熱血公民成員柏洋被加控參與暴動罪". Apple Daily. 10 February 2016.
- ^ a b c Cheung, Tony (10 February 2016). "Former Occupy activist nabbed at Hong Kong airport over alleged involvement in Mong Kok riot". South China Morning Post.
- ^ "【旺角騷亂】暴動罪係乜？湯家驊：六七暴動後修例從未引用". Apple Daily. 9 February 2016.
- ^ a b Cheng, Kris (10 February 2016). "Student activist group member arrested at airport over alleged involvement in Mong Kok unrest". Hong Kong Free Press.
- ^ "要求警方立即釋放林淳軒同學" [We demand the police immediately release Lam Shun-hin] (in Chinese). Divinity School of Chung Chi College, Chinese University of Hong Kong. 10 October 2016.
- ^ a b Cheng, Kris (10 February 2016). "Local newspaper journalist to file complaint after being 'beaten up' by police". Hong Kong Free Press.
External links
Media related to 2016 Mong Kok civil unrest at Wikimedia Commons