List of colonial buildings in Bandung

Colonial buildings in Bandung include those that were constructed during the Dutch colonial period of Indonesia. The period started at the foundation of Bandung at the beginning of 20th century, which is relatively young. The list is divided into the colonial architectural styles: Traditionalism (before 20th century), Dutch Rationalism (1900s-1920s), and Modernism (1920s-1930s).

Colonial architecture in Bandung is dominated with Modernist architecture, apparent in buildings such as civic buildings and offices. Bandung contains one of the largest remaining collections of Modernist building (Dutch Nieuwe Bouwen) in the world. European city planning based on garden city concept were implemented in the north part of Bandung, which is still apparent today in the architecture of the residences and villas. Most buildings in Bandung are designed by architects who lived and worked in Bandung, many of them were educated in The Netherlands. Some of the architecture were influenced with Indonesian architecture, and also North-American and British-Indies influences in the Modern architecture of pre-independent Indonesia.

Below is a list of colonial buildings found in Bandung. The list is sorted alphabetically according to its official (often, local) name. The list can also be sorted to each category.

Buildings which undertook complete renovation which resulted in different form are listed separately to distinguish the different architectural form.

Traditionalism (before 20th century)

A small number of colonial buildings, mostly an original governmental function, were built in the 19th-century in Neoclassical Indische Empire style (also known as Traditionalist movement) around the founding time of Bandung.

Neoclassical style continued to the early 20th century. Architect consultant 'Hulswit-Fermont, Batavia and Cuypers, Amsterdam' introduced neoclassical language in the architecture of banks. Characteristic for the architectural conception of this bank building is entrance portico with double columns crowned by composition capitals, a cornice and tympanum; the order of the facade-windows combined with columns and composition capitals.

Last official name	Former names	Year	Architect	Location	Latest image	Oldest image
Bank Mandiri	Nederlandsche Handel Maatschappij te Bandoeng	1912	Ed. Cuypers & Hulswit te Weltevreden	6°55′16″S 107°36′28″E
Bank Negara Indonesia	Javasche Bank	1915	Hulswit-Fermont, Batavia and Cuypers, Amsterdam	6°54′52″S 107°36′34″E
Gedung Pakuan	Residentswoning	1860, 1941 restored	Gmelig Meijling (1941 restoration)	6°54′42″S 107°36′17″E
Grand Hotel Preanger (first building)		1897
Mako II Kodam III Siliwangi, Gedung Sabahu	Departement van Oorlog	1910-1915		6°54′40″S 107°36′52″E
Polwiltabes	Hollandsch-Inlandsche Kweekschool	1866 (opened)	anonymous	6°54′50″S 107°36′39″E
Sociëteit Concordia (demolished, now the Museum Konperensi Asia Afrika)	Sociëteit Concordia	1895		6°55′16″S 107°36′35″E
	Kantoor van J.R. de Vries en Co.
	Kantoor van De Vries en Fabricius
	Middelbare Opleidingsschool voor Inlandsche Ambtenaren (1901-); Hoofdenschool Bandoeng (1878-1901); Sakola Menak	29 December 1878		6°56′04″S 107°36′27″E
	Zendinghospitaal Immanuel

Dutch Rationalism (1900s - 1920s)

See also: New Indies Style

Early 20th century is characterized with the introduction of new technological method of construction. The period saw the effect of a new beginning when the colony is exposed to private initiatives and enormous population growth. Many new private houses were built during this time all over Indonesia. The preferable architecture style were ecclectic, sometimes [Gothic Revival architecture|Romantic]], combination of Dutch and Javanese style.

A new style, known as Dutch Rationalism, flourished in the Netherlands as well as in the Indies; the subsequent style in tropical climate of Indonesia is known as New Indies Style. It is largely introduced by Moojen from Batavia, who was largely influenced by the works of Berlage. The style is the result of the attempt to develop new solutions to integrate traditional precedents (classicism) with new technological possibilities. It can be described as a transitional style between Traditionalists and the Modernists.

Last official name	Former names	Year	Architect	Location	Latest image	Oldest image
	Nederlandsch Indische Handelsbank	1911	de Bouwploeg
	School van de Zusters Ursulinen te Bandung
	Telefoonkantoor			Oude Hospitaalweg / Jalan Lembong
Toko Bandung Baru		1910-1920	Anonymous
Toko De Vries	Warenhuis De Vries	1909	Hulswit-Fermont, Batavia and Cuypers, Amsterdam	6°55′18″S 107°36′35″E

Modernism (1920s-1930s)

The period saw the emergence of Modernism and its varieties, namely Art Deco, Nieuwe Bouwen, Amsterdam School and other variations. The same period, in 1929, Bandung approved the 'Framework plan' city planning, which covered an area of 12,758 ha, divided in plans for mainly the Northern- and partly the Southern areas of the town. This fosters the development of early 20th-century modern architecture in Bandung.

Art Deco evolved from earlier Dutch Rationalism. The form is symmetrical and exudes technological progress and glamour, with rich color and bold geometric shapes. In Bandung, Art Deco often manifested in the decorative element in the street facades, often hiding an ordinary building with a helm roof and covered with tiles; these architecture is mostly the product of rebuilding and upgrading of commercial buildings in the 1920s and 1930s.

In the following period between late 1930s and 1940s, Art Deco evolved into a new style known as Nieuwe Bouwen (Dutch term for Modernism) or Functionalism. Instead of creating decorative style on the facade, the architect creates style in the clear arrangement of space. The preference is to use universal form such as cylinder or curving horizontal lines. No Where else in Indonesia are the influences of the 'Modern movement' in architecture observable as in the City of Bandung. Albert Aalbers is the most representative expression of Nieuwe Bouwen in Indonesia, and many of his masterpieces - such as Savoy Homann Hotel (1939), Denis Bank (1936), and the "Driekleur" (1937) - were located in Bandung. The style is characterized by its openness, its sleek facade lines, and strong spatial effect on the exterior. Bandung contains one of the largest remaining collections of Art Deco-Nieuwe Bouwen buildings in the world.

Also included in this period are those architects who implemented the principles of native art of building in Indonesia, such as those designed by Henri Maclaine Pont.

Last official name	Former names	Year	Architect	Location	Latest image	Oldest image
3 Villas in Jalan Dago (Ir. H. Juanda)	Drie Locomotives	1936	Albert Aalbers
Asuransi Jiwasraya	Nillmij		Snuyf en Wiemans
Bala Keselamatan	Het Leger des Heils	1920	Brinkman en Voorhave	6°54′55″S 107°36′49″E
Bandung Promotion Center	De Zon	1925	anonymous	6°55′15″S 107°36′20″E
Bandung railway station (2nd building)	Station Bandoeng	1928	F. Cousin (Bouwkundig Bureau van de Staatsspoorwegen)	6°54′53″S 107°36′09″E
Bank Jabar	DENIS De Eerste Nederlandsch – Indische Spaarkas, Bank Karya Pembangunan	1935-1936	Albert Aalbers
Bank Pacific	Internationale Crediet- en Handelsverg. Rotterdam.
Biofarma	Instituut Pasteur	1926	Wolff Schoemaker	6°53′58″S 107°36′02″E
Bioscoop Oriental	Bioscoop Oriëntal
Bioscoop Orion	Bioscoop Orion
Gedung Kologdam	Bandung Jaarbeurs	1919	Wolff Schoemaker	6°54′35″S 107°37′01″E
Gedung Kertamukti	Residentiekantoor Afd. Priangan, 's Landskas, Algemeen Ontvanger en Landsvendukantoor Bandoeng; N.V. Oliefabrieken Insulinde (original)	1918-1921	Wolff Schoemaker	6°54′53″S 107°36′31″E
Gedung Landmark Braga	Boekhandel en Drukkerij G.C.T. van Dorp & Co	1921	Wolff Schoemaker
Gedung Merdeka	Club Concordia	1921	Wolff Schoemaker	6°55′16″S 107°36′33″E
Gedung Moh. Toha	Machinehal, Jaarbeurs	1919	Wolff Schoemaker	6°54′37″S 107°37′02″E
Gedung Sate	Department van Gouvernementsbedrijven te Bandung	1920	J. Gerber (Public Works)	6°54′09″S 107°37′08″E
Gereja Protestan Bethel, Bethel Protestant Church	Protestantsche Kerk (Pieterskerk), Bethelkerk	1925	Wolff Schoemaker	6°54′49″S 107°36′31″E
Grand Hotel Preanger		1925	Wolff Schoemaker	6°55′15″S 107°36′42″E
Institut Teknologi Bandung	Technische Hogeschool te Bandoeng	1920	Henri Maclaine Pont	Bandung
Kantor Pos Besar Bandung	Post- en Telegraafkantoor	1928-1931	J. van Gendt (Landsgebouwendienst)	6°55′14″S 107°36′22″E
Gereja Katedral Santo Petrus	Katholieke kerk Bandoeng	1922	Wolff Schoemaker	6°54′53″S 107°36′38″E
Museum Geologi	Geologisch Laboratorium			6°54′03″S 107°37′17″E
Museum Konperensi Asia Afrika		1926	Van Galen, Wolff Schoemaker	6°55′16″S 107°36′35″E
Museum Pos Indonesia				6°54′08″S 107°37′11″E
New Majestic	Bioscoop Concordia (1924); Majestic Theatre (1973); Bioskop Dewi (1960)	1924	Wolff Schoemaker
Perkebunan XII	Preanger Administratie Incasso Kantoor: PAIK	1937
Perum Listrik Negara - Distribusi Jawa Barat dan Banten	Gemeenschappelijk Electriciteitsbedrijf Bandoeng en Omstreken: GEBEO	1922	Wolff Schoemaker	6°55′16″S 107°36′30″E
PN Gas Office Building	Ned.- Ind. Gas. Mij., Showroom en kantoor; Becker en Co (original)	1919	Wolff Schoemaker
Savoy Homann Bidakara Hotel	Savoy Homann Hotel	1939	Albert Aalbers	6°55′20″S 107°36′37″E
SMA Negeri 3 & 5 Bandung	Hogereburgerschool Bandoeng; Kompetai			6°54′44″S 107°36′55″E
SMP Negeri 5 Bandung	MULO Bandoeng	1920		6°54′52″S 107°36′52″E
Villa Isola	Villa Isola	1933	Wolff Schoemaker	6°51′40″S 107°35′38″E
Villa Tiga Warna	Driekleur		Albert Aalbers
Waskita Karya			Snuyf en Wiemans
	Algemeen Delisch Emigratie Kantoor
	Keramisch Laboratorium Afdeling Nijverheid
	De Indische Centrale Aanschaffingsdienst
	Gereformeerde Kerk
	Het Paleis van de Legercommandant
	IJkwezen Bandoeng
	Kerk van de Christian Science Society
	Nederlandsch Indische Escompto Maatschappij
	Nederlands-Indische Metaalwaren Emballage Fabrieken

See also

• New Indies Style

Notes and references

Notes

References