Renata of Lorraine: Difference between revisions

Renata of Lorraine
Renata of Lorraine
Duchess of Bavaria
	Portrait by Johann Sadeler, ca. 1588-1595.
Born	20 April 1544; Nancy
Died	22 May 1602 (aged 58); Munich
Spouse	William V, Duke of Bavaria
Father	Francis I, Duke of Lorraine
Mother	Christina of Denmark

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Renata of Lorraine (20 April 1544 – 22 May 1602), was by birth a member of the House of Lorraine and by marriage Duchess of Bavaria.

Born in Nancy, France, she was the second child and eldest daughter of Francis I, Duke of Lorraine and Christina of Denmark. Her paternal grandparents were Antoine, Duke of Lorraine and Renée of Bourbon-Montpensier and her maternal grandparents were Christian II of Denmark and Isabella of Austria.

Life

In the early 1560s, king Eric XIV of Sweden (1533–77, reigned 1560–68), a Lutheran, hoped to marry her and sent a deputation to propose her. Eric had several unsuccessful royal marriage plans at different times, but ultimately married his low-born mistress Karin Månsdotter. As to Renata, Eric's desire was mostly based on her being the granddaughter of king Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, and thus one of heirs of that deposed monarch.

On 22 February 1568, Renata married with William, Hereditary Prince of Bavaria in a large ceremony in Munich, which was described in detail by Massimo Troiano in his Dialoghi (1569). The festival lasted 18 days, it took about 5,000 riders part in it, and the festival music was the occasion by Orlande de Lassus to compose.

Despite her status, Renata -along with her husband- had a life of charity and humility. They left the Munich Residenz and lived in the Jesuit Kollegienbau at the west of Munich. Renata took care of sick, poor and pilgrims. In this task, she was completely supported by her husband. After her William became reigning Duke in 1579, Renata spent much of her time in the Herzogspitalkirche, founded in 1555 by her father-in-law.

Renata died in Munich, aged 58. Her grave is located in the St. Michael's Church, whose consecration was the last high point in both she and her husband's lives. She was revered as a saint by the people, but never canonized. Her husband (who abdicated in 1597) survived her twenty-four years, dying in 1626.

Among her direct descendants was Josephine of Leuchtenberg, who married one of Eric XIV's successors, the future king Oscar I of Sweden and Norway in 1823. Renata's descent ascended the Swedish and Norwegian thrones in 1859 in person of Charles XV of Sweden and Norway and the Danish throne in person of Christian X of Denmark in 1912. All current monarchs of the three Scandinavian countries are Renata's direct blood descendants. Among her other numerous notable descendants are Franz Josef of Austria and Maximilian I of Mexico.

Issue

Christoph (born and died 23 January 1570).
Christine (23 September 1571 – 27 April 1580).
Maximilian I (17 April 1573 – 22 September 1651), future Duke and Elector of Bavaria.
Maria Anna of Bavaria (8 December 1574 – 8 March 1616), married on 23 April 1600 to Ferdinand, Archduke of Inner Austria and future Holy Roman Emperor.
Philipp Wilhelm (22 September 1576 – 18 May 1598), Bishop of Regensburg from 1595, Cardinal from 1597.
Ferdinand (6 October 1577 – 13 September 1650), Archbishop and prince-elector of Cologne (1612–1650).
Eleonore Magdalene (7 October 1578 – 18 April 1579).
Karl (30 May 1580 – 27 October 1587).
Albert VI (13 May 1584 – 5 July 1666), Landgrave of Leuchtenberg by marriage.
Magdalene (4 July 1587 – 25 September 1628), married on 11 November 1613 married Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg.

References

Anna de Crignis-Mentelberg: Herzogin Renata. Die Mutter Maximilians des Großen von Bayern. Freiburg im Breisgau 1912.
Helmut Dotterweich: Der junge Maximilian. Jugend und Erziehung des bayerischen Herzogs und späteren Kurfürsten Maximilian I. von 1573 bis 1593. München 1962.
Andrea Rueth: Renata von Lothringen, Herzogin von Bayern. In: Wurst, Jürgen und Langheiter, Alexander (Hrsg.): Monachia. München: Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus, 2005. p. 142.

Ancestry

Family of Renata of Lorraine

16. Frederick II of Vaudémont

8. René II, Duke of Lorraine

17. Yolande of Anjou

4. Antoine, Duke of Lorraine

18. Adolf of Egmond

9. Philippa of Guelders

19. Catharine of Bourbon

2. Francis I, Duke of Lorraine

20. Louis I, Count of Montpensier

10. Gilbert, Count of Montpensier

21. Gabrielle de La Tour d'Auvergne

5. Renée of Bourbon-Montpensier

22. Federico I Gonzaga

11. Chiara Gonzaga

23. Margaret of Bavaria

1. Renata of Lorraine

24. Christian I of Denmark

12. Hans of Denmark

25. Dorothea of Brandenburg

6. Christian II of Denmark

26. Ernest, Elector of Saxony

13. Christina of Saxony

27. Elisabeth of Bavaria-Munich

3. Christina of Denmark

28. Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

14. Philip I of Castile

29. Mary of Burgundy

7. Isabella of Austria

30. Ferdinand II of Aragon

15. Joanna of Castile

31. Isabella I of Castile

Renata of Lorraine House of Lorraine Born: 20 April 1544 Died: 22 May 1602
Preceded by Anna of Austria	Duchess of Bavaria 1579–1597	Succeeded by Elisabeth of Lorraine

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-{{unreferenced|date=February 2008}}
 {{Infobox royalty
 | name = Renata of Lorraine
@@ Line 5: / Line 4: @@
 | image_size = 200px
 | title=[[List of Bavarian consorts|Duchess of Bavaria]]
-| caption = William V, Duke of Bavaria and his wife, Renata of Lorraine
+| caption = Portrait by Johann Sadeler, ca. 1588-1595.
 | noble family = [[House of Lorraine]]
 | father = [[Francis I, Duke of Lorraine]]
@@ Line 15: / Line 14: @@
 | death_place = [[Munich]]
 }}
-'''Renata of Lorraine''' (20 April 1544 – 22 May 1602) was Duchess of Bavaria from 1568 to 1597.
+'''Renata of Lorraine''' (20 April 1544 – 22 May 1602), was by birth a member of the [[House of Lorraine]] and by marriage [[Duchess of Bavaria]].
-Renata was born in [[Nancy, France]], the daughter of [[Francis I, Duke of Lorraine]] and [[Christina of Denmark]].  Her maternal grandparents were [[Christian II of Denmark]] and [[Isabella of Burgundy]]. She married [[William V, Duke of Bavaria]], on 22 February 1568, in a large ceremony in Munich, which was described in detail by [[Massimo Troiano]] in his ''Dialoghi'' (1569).
+Born in [[Nancy, France]], she was the second child and eldest daughter of [[Francis I, Duke of Lorraine]] and [[Christina of Denmark]]. Her paternal grandparents were [[Antoine, Duke of Lorraine]] and [[Renée of Bourbon|Renée of Bourbon-Montpensier]] and her maternal grandparents were [[Christian II of Denmark]] and [[Isabella of Austria]].
-==Children==
+==Life==
-* Christoph, born in 1570, died the same year
-* Christoph, born in 1572, died in 1580
-* [[Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria|Maximilian I]] (1573–1651), future Duke and Elector of Bavaria
-* [[Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574–1616)|Maria Anna of Bavaria]] 1574–1616, married [[Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor]] in 1600
-* [[Philip Wilhelm von Bayern|Philipp Wilhelm]] (22 September 1576 – 18 May 1598), [[Bishop of Regensburg]] from 1595, [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] from 1597
-* [[Ferdinand of Bavaria|Ferdinand]], (6 October 1577 – 13 September 1650), [[Archbishop]] and [[prince-elector]] of [[Cologne]] (1612–1650)
-* Eleonore Magdalena, born in 1579, died in 1580
-* Karl (30 May 1580 – 27 October 1587)
-* [[Albert VI of Bavaria|Albert VI]] (1584–1666), in 1612 married Mechthilde of Leuchtenberg (1588–1634)
-* [[Magdalene of Bavaria]] (4 July 1587 – 25 September 1628). Her tomb is in: Hofkirche Neuburg a.d.Donau), in 1613 married [[Wolfgang Wilhelm, Pfalzgraf von Neuburg|Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg]] (1578–1663)
 In the early 1560s, king [[Eric XIV of Sweden]] (1533–77, reigned 1560–68), a [[Lutheran]], hoped to marry her and sent a deputation to propose her. Eric had several unsuccessful royal marriage plans at different times, but ultimately married his low-born mistress [[Karin Månsdotter]]. As to Renata, Eric's desire was mostly based on her being the granddaughter of king [[Christian II of Denmark]], Norway and Sweden, and thus one of heirs of that deposed monarch.
+On 22 February 1568, Renata married with [[William V, Duke of Bavaria|William, Hereditary Prince of Bavaria]] in a large ceremony in [[Munich]], which was described in detail by [[Massimo Troiano]] in his ''Dialoghi'' (1569). The festival lasted 18 days, it took about 5,000 riders part in it, and the festival music was the occasion by [[Orlande de Lassus]] to compose.
-Renata died in [[Munich]], aged 58.  Her direct descendant [[Josephine of Leuchtenberg]] married one of Eric's successors, the future king [[Oscar I of Sweden]] and Norway in 1823. Renata's descent ascended the Swedish and Norwegian thrones in 1859 in person of [[Charles XV of Sweden]] and Norway and the Danish throne in person of [[Christian X of Denmark]] in 1912. All current monarchs of the three Scandinavian countries are Renata's direct blood descendants. Among her other numerous notable descendants are [[Franz Josef of Austria]] and [[Maximilian I of Mexico]].
+Despite her status, Renata -along with her husband- had a life of charity and humility. They left the [[Munich Residenz]] and lived in the Jesuit ''Kollegienbau'' at the west of Munich. Renata took care of sick, poor and pilgrims. In this task, she was completely supported by her husband. After her William became reigning Duke in 1579, Renata spent much of her time in the [[Herzogspitalkirche (Munich)|''Herzogspitalkirche'']], founded in 1555 by her father-in-law.
+Renata died in [[Munich]], aged 58. Her grave is located in the [[St. Michael's Church, Munich|St. Michael's Church]], whose consecration was the last high point in both she and her husband's lives. She was revered as a saint by the people, but never canonized. Her husband (who abdicated in 1597) survived her twenty-four years, dying in 1626.
+Among her direct descendants was [[Josephine of Leuchtenberg]], who married one of Eric XIV's successors, the future king [[Oscar I of Sweden]] and Norway in 1823. Renata's descent ascended the Swedish and Norwegian thrones in 1859 in person of [[Charles XV of Sweden]] and Norway and the Danish throne in person of [[Christian X of Denmark]] in 1912. All current monarchs of the three Scandinavian countries are Renata's direct blood descendants. Among her other numerous notable descendants are [[Franz Josef of Austria]] and [[Maximilian I of Mexico]].
+==Issue==
+* Christoph (born and died 23 January 1570).
+* Christine (23 September 1571 – 27 April 1580).
+* [[Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria|Maximilian I]] (17 April 1573 – 22 September 1651), future Duke and Elector of Bavaria.
+* [[Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574–1616)|Maria Anna of Bavaria]] (8 December 1574 – 8 March 1616), married on 23 April 1600 to [[Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand, Archduke of Inner Austria]] and future [[Holy Roman Emperor]].
+* [[Philip Wilhelm von Bayern|Philipp Wilhelm]] (22 September 1576 – 18 May 1598), [[Bishop of Regensburg]] from 1595, [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] from 1597.
+* [[Ferdinand of Bavaria|Ferdinand]] (6 October 1577 – 13 September 1650), [[Archbishop]] and [[prince-elector]] of [[Cologne]] (1612–1650).
+* Eleonore Magdalene (7 October 1578 – 18 April 1579).
+* Karl (30 May 1580 – 27 October 1587).
+* [[Albert VI of Bavaria|Albert VI]] (13 May 1584 – 5 July 1666), Landgrave of Leuchtenberg by marriage.
+* [[Magdalene of Bavaria|Magdalene]] (4 July 1587 – 25 September 1628), married on 11 November 1613 married [[Wolfgang Wilhelm, Pfalzgraf von Neuburg|Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg]].
+==References==
+* Anna de Crignis-Mentelberg: ''Herzogin Renata. Die Mutter Maximilians des Großen von Bayern''. Freiburg im Breisgau 1912.
+* Helmut Dotterweich: ''Der junge Maximilian. Jugend und Erziehung des bayerischen Herzogs und späteren Kurfürsten Maximilian I. von 1573 bis 1593''. München 1962.
+* Andrea Rueth: ''Renata von Lothringen, Herzogin von Bayern''. In: Wurst, Jürgen und Langheiter, Alexander (Hrsg.): Monachia. München: Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus, 2005. p. 142.
 ==Ancestry==

v t e Princesses of Lorraine
The generations start from the children of Réné II
2nd generation	Anne, Princess of Orange
3rd generation	Reneta, Duchess of Bavaria Dorothea, Duchess of Calenberg* Marie, Queen of Scotland Louise, Queen of France*
4th generation	Christine, Grand Duchess of Tuscany Antoinette, Duchess of Duchess of Jülich-Kleve-Berg Élisabeth, Electress Palatine Françoise, Duchess of Vendôme Catherine, Abbess of Remiremont* Louise Marguerite, Princess of Conti*
5th generation	Nicole, Duchess of Lorraine* Claude Françoise, Duchess of Lorraine Marguerite, Duchess of Orléans* Marie, Duchess of Guise*
6th generation	Anne Marie Thérèse, Abbess of Remiremont* Béatrice Hiéronyme, Abbess of Remiremont* Élisabeth, Princess of Epinoy* Marie, Princess of Monaco Charlotte, Mademoiselle d'Armagnac Suzanne Henriette, Duchess of Mantua
8th generation	Élisabeth Charlotte, Abbess of Remiremont* Élisabeth Thérèse, Queen of Sardinia* Anne Charlotte, Abbess of Remiremont* Louise Henriette Françoise, Duchess of Bouillon Élisabeth Sophie, Duchess of Richelieu Louise, Duchess of Bouillon
9th generation	Joséphine, Princess of Carignan
*died without issue