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[[File:Sanchamallorka.jpg|thumb|200px|Sancha from the ''Bible of Naples'']]
[[File:Sanchamallorka.jpg|thumb|200px|Sancha from the ''Bible of Naples'']]
'''Sancha of Majorca''' (c. 1285 – 28 July 1345, [[Naples]]) was Queen of Naples as the second wife of [[Robert of Naples|Robert the Wise]]. She was a daughter of [[James II of Majorca]] and [[Esclaramunda of Foix]].
'''Sancha of Majorca''', also known as Sancha of '''Aragon''' (c. 1285 – 28 July 1345, [[Naples]]), was by birth Infanta of Majorca and by marriage Queen consort of Naples.


==Life==
⚫
Sancha married the widowed [[Robert of Naples]] in July 1304, the eldest surviving son of [[Charles II of Naples]]. Charles II died on 5 May 1309 and Robert succeeded him. Sancha was queen for the rest of his reign but remained childless. On numerous occasions, Sancha petitioned the pope for the dissolution of her marriage, as she desired to become a nun. Robert died on 20 January 1343 and was succeeded by his granddaughter, [[Joan I of Naples|Joan I]]. Sancha supported her step-granddaughter in the first year of her reign against other factions. She retired to a local monastery on 20 January 1344 and died as a [[nun]] the following year.
She was the fifth child but second daughter of King [[James II of Majorca]] and [[Esclaramunda of Foix]]. The exact date of her birth is unknown, although the [[Chronicle of San Juan de la Peña]] placed her as the second daughter of the Majorca Royal couple: ''la primera....Isabel...la otra Sancha'',<ref>''Crónica de San Juan de la Peña'', vol. XXXVIII, p. 232. </ref> and traditionally she is placed as the penultimate of the six children born from them.

In [[Perpignan]] on 17 June 1304 Sancha was married by proxy to [[Robert, King of Naples|Robert, Duke of Calabria and Prince of Salerno]], the widower heir of the throne of Naples. The wedding in person took place three months later, on 20 September at the ''Chapelle des Hospitaliers'' at the Royal Palace of [[Collioure]], [[Pyrénées-Orientales]]. The marriage was childless.

Sancha became Queen consort of Naples with the death of her father-in-law King [[Charles II of Naples]] on 5 May 1309. Two years later (2 August 1311) her husband gave her the Lordships of [[Potenza]], [[Venosa]], [[Lanciano]], Alessa and [[Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi]]. The next year, on 24 March 1312, the testament of her mother Queen Esclaramunda (''Sclarmunda...regina Majoricæ'') secured a bequest to her (...Sanciæ..Reginæ Siciliæ...filiæ nostræ...)<ref>Spicilegium Tome III, p. 702.</ref> On 22 May 1319 at Marseille, Sancha and her husband prayed before the relics of his brother Saint [[Louis of Toulouse]].

At her court in Naples, Sancha welcomed her brother Infante Philip of Majorca, who was recently joined the [[Franciscan]]s. He wanted to practice strictly the Rules of Saint Francis of Assisi, and gathered around him a group that became known as "''the brothers of poor life''", a branch of [[Fraticelli]] or ''zelanti''. This group was therefore a great influence over the King and Queen of Naples and over [[Delphine of Glandèves]], Sancha's confident.<ref>Paul Amargier: ''Dauphine de Puimichel et son entourage au temps de sa vie aptésienne (1345-1360) in, Le peuple des saints. Croyances et dévotions en Provence et Comtat Venaissin des origines à la fin du Moyen Âge'', Académie de Vaucluse et CNRS, 1987,‎ p. 155.</ref> Philip of Majorca asked his sister and his brother-in-law to intercede with the [[Avignon Papacy]] to obtain the privileges necessary for the transformation of the [[Santa Chiara (Naples)|Santa Chiara monastery]] in a place where would welcome the "''the brothers of poor life''". However, [[Pope Benedict XII]] ended their hopes with hree [[bulls]] dated on 24 June 1336, 20 February 1337 and 7 August 1340.

After the death of Philip of Majorca in 1342, Sancha and her husband remained under the influence of "''the brothers of poor life''". Their chaplains, Andrea de Galiano and Pietro de Cadeneto were also followers of [[Michael of Cesena]]. The rulers had hosted at [[Castel Nuovo]] two spiritual bishops, John Bertholeo, who had just been relieved of his office of Calvi , and William of Scala, who became confessor to the queen. Worst of all was the Fra Roberto, a personal friend of Angelo Clareto, the leader of the Fraticelli.

⚫
On numerous occasions, Sancha petitioned the Pope for the dissolution of her marriage, as she desired to become a nun. Robert died on 20 January 1343 and was succeeded by his granddaughter, [[Joanna I of Naples|Joanna I]]. In her husband's will, Sancha was appointed as head of the Council of Regency for the young Queen. She supported her step-granddaughter in the first year of her reign against other factions. She retired to a local monastery on 20 January 1344 and died as a [[nun]] the following year.


==Ancestry==
==Ancestry==
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{{infantas of Aragon}}
{{infantas of Aragon}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 21:38, 1 January 2015

Sancha from the Bible of Naples

Sancha of Majorca, also known as Sancha of Aragon (c. 1285 – 28 July 1345, Naples), was by birth Infanta of Majorca and by marriage Queen consort of Naples.

Life

She was the fifth child but second daughter of King James II of Majorca and Esclaramunda of Foix. The exact date of her birth is unknown, although the Chronicle of San Juan de la Peña placed her as the second daughter of the Majorca Royal couple: la primera....Isabel...la otra Sancha,[1] and traditionally she is placed as the penultimate of the six children born from them.

In Perpignan on 17 June 1304 Sancha was married by proxy to Robert, Duke of Calabria and Prince of Salerno, the widower heir of the throne of Naples. The wedding in person took place three months later, on 20 September at the Chapelle des Hospitaliers at the Royal Palace of Collioure, Pyrénées-Orientales. The marriage was childless.

Sancha became Queen consort of Naples with the death of her father-in-law King Charles II of Naples on 5 May 1309. Two years later (2 August 1311) her husband gave her the Lordships of Potenza, Venosa, Lanciano, Alessa and Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi. The next year, on 24 March 1312, the testament of her mother Queen Esclaramunda (Sclarmunda...regina Majoricæ) secured a bequest to her (...Sanciæ..Reginæ Siciliæ...filiæ nostræ...)[2] On 22 May 1319 at Marseille, Sancha and her husband prayed before the relics of his brother Saint Louis of Toulouse.

At her court in Naples, Sancha welcomed her brother Infante Philip of Majorca, who was recently joined the Franciscans. He wanted to practice strictly the Rules of Saint Francis of Assisi, and gathered around him a group that became known as "the brothers of poor life", a branch of Fraticelli or zelanti. This group was therefore a great influence over the King and Queen of Naples and over Delphine of Glandèves, Sancha's confident.[3] Philip of Majorca asked his sister and his brother-in-law to intercede with the Avignon Papacy to obtain the privileges necessary for the transformation of the Santa Chiara monastery in a place where would welcome the "the brothers of poor life". However, Pope Benedict XII ended their hopes with hree bulls dated on 24 June 1336, 20 February 1337 and 7 August 1340.

After the death of Philip of Majorca in 1342, Sancha and her husband remained under the influence of "the brothers of poor life". Their chaplains, Andrea de Galiano and Pietro de Cadeneto were also followers of Michael of Cesena. The rulers had hosted at Castel Nuovo two spiritual bishops, John Bertholeo, who had just been relieved of his office of Calvi , and William of Scala, who became confessor to the queen. Worst of all was the Fra Roberto, a personal friend of Angelo Clareto, the leader of the Fraticelli.

On numerous occasions, Sancha petitioned the Pope for the dissolution of her marriage, as she desired to become a nun. Robert died on 20 January 1343 and was succeeded by his granddaughter, Joanna I. In her husband's will, Sancha was appointed as head of the Council of Regency for the young Queen. She supported her step-granddaughter in the first year of her reign against other factions. She retired to a local monastery on 20 January 1344 and died as a nun the following year.

Ancestry

Family of Sancia of Majorca
16. Alfonso II of Aragon
8. Peter II of Aragon
17. Sancha of Castile
4. James I of Aragon
18. William VIII of Montpellier
9. Marie of Montpellier
19. Eudokia Komnene
2. James II of Majorca
20. Béla III of Hungary
10. Andrew II of Hungary
21. Agnes of Antioch
5. Violant of Hungary
22. Peter II of Courtenay
11. Yolanda de Courtenay
23. Yolanda of Flanders
1. Sancha of Majorca
24. Raimond-Roger of Foix
12. Roger-Bernard II of Foix
25. Philippa of Montcada
6. Roger IV of Foix
26. Arnaldo, Viscount of Castelbon
13. Ermesinda of Castelbon
27. Arnalda de Caboet
3. Esclaramunda of Foix
28. William I, Viscount of Cardona
14. Ramon VIII, Viscount of Cardona
29. Gueraua de Jorba
7. Brunissenda of Cardona
15. Inés de Teroja
Sancia of Majorca
Born: 1285 Died: 28 July 1345
Royal titles
Preceded by Queen consort of Naples
5 May 1309 – 20 January 1343 		Vacant
Title next held by
Margaret of Durazzo

Notes

  1. ^ Crónica de San Juan de la Peña, vol. XXXVIII, p. 232.
  2. ^ Spicilegium Tome III, p. 702.
  3. ^ Paul Amargier: Dauphine de Puimichel et son entourage au temps de sa vie aptésienne (1345-1360) in, Le peuple des saints. Croyances et dévotions en Provence et Comtat Venaissin des origines à la fin du Moyen Âge, Académie de Vaucluse et CNRS, 1987,‎ p. 155.

References

  • Musto, Ronald G. (1997). "Franciscan Joachimism at the Court of Naples, 1309-1345: A New Appraisal". Archivum Franciscanum Historicum. 90.3-4 (2): 419–86.
  • Musto, Ronald G. (1985). Queen Sancia of Naples (1286-1345) and the Spiritual Franciscans in Women of the Medieval World. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. pp. 179–214.
  • Musto, Ronald G. (2013). Medieval Naples: A Documentary History 400-1400. New York: Italica Press. pp. 204–212. ISBN 9781599102474. OCLC 810773043. {{cite book}}: External link in |title= (help)

External links

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