German submarine U-104 (1940): Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox ship career |
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{{Infobox ship characteristics |
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|Header caption={{sfn|Gröner| |
|Header caption={{sfn|Gröner|pp=105-7}}<ref name=Type>{{cite web|url=http://www.uboat.net/types/ixb.htm|title=Type IXB|last=Helgason|first=Guðmundur|work=U-Boat War in World War II|publisher=Uboat.net|accessdate=8 June 2010}}</ref> |
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|Ship displacement= {{convert|1051|t|LT|abbr=on}} surfaced<br/>{{convert|1178|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged |
|Ship displacement= {{convert|1051|t|LT|abbr=on}} surfaced<br/>{{convert|1178|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged |
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|Ship length= {{convert|76.5|m| |
|Ship length= {{convert|76.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} overall<br />{{convert|58.7|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull |
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|Ship beam={{convert|6.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} overall<br />{{convert|4.4|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull |
|Ship beam={{convert|6.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} overall<br />{{convert|4.4|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull |
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|Ship height={{convert|9.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
|Ship height={{convert|9.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship draft={{convert|4.7|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
|Ship draft={{convert|4.7|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship speed= {{convert|33.9|km/h|kn}} surfaced<br />{{convert|13.5|km/h|kn}} submerged |
|Ship speed= {{convert|33.9|km/h|kn}} surfaced<br />{{convert|13.5|km/h|kn}} submerged |
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|Ship range= {{convert| |
|Ship range= {{convert|12000|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn|km/h}} surfaced<br />{{convert|64|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} submerged |
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|ship propulsion=2 × [[MAN SE|MAN]] M 9 V 40/46 supercharged 9-cylinder diesel engines of 4,400 hp<br />2 × [[Siemens-Schuckert|SSW]] 2 GU 345/34 [[Motor-generator|double acting electric engines]] of 1,000 hp |
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|Ship test depth={{convert|230|m|ft|abbr=on}} |
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|ship complement= 48 to 56 officers and ratings |
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*6 × [[torpedo tube]]s (four bow, two stern) |
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*22 × {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedoes |
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*1 × [[10.5 cm SK L/45 naval gun|{{convert|10.5|cm|in|abbr=on}} SK L/45 deck gun]] (180 rounds) |
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*[[anti-aircraft gun]]s |
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{{service record |
{{service record |
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|partof=[[2nd U-boat Flotilla]]<br/>(19 August 1940–31 October 1940)<br/>[[2nd U-boat Flotilla]]<br/>(1 November 1940–28 November 1940) |
|partof=[[2nd U-boat Flotilla]]<br/>(19 August 1940–31 October 1940)<br/>[[2nd U-boat Flotilla]]<br/>(1 November 1940–28 November 1940) |
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|commanders=Kapitänleutnant [[Harald Jürst]]<br/>(19 August 1940–28 November 1940) |
|commanders=''[[Kapitänleutnant|Kptlt.]]'' [[Harald Jürst]]<br/>(19 August 1940–28 November 1940) |
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===Design=== |
===Design=== |
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[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101II-MW-4260-37, Lorient, U-Boote U-123 und U-201 auslaufend.jpg|300px|left|thumb|''U-123''–an identical U-boat to ''U-104''–leaving Lorient on 8 June 1941]] |
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101II-MW-4260-37, Lorient, U-Boote U-123 und U-201 auslaufend.jpg|300px|left|thumb|''U-123''–an identical U-boat to ''U-104''–leaving Lorient on 8 June 1941]] |
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Like all Type IXB submarines, ''U-104'' had a total output of {{convert|1000|hp|0|abbr=on}} while submerged and {{convert|4400|hp|0|abbr=on}} when surfaced. As a result, she could travel at a maximum speed of {{convert| |
Like all Type IXB submarines, ''U-104'' had a total output of {{convert|1000|hp|0|abbr=on}} while submerged and {{convert|4400|hp|0|abbr=on}} when surfaced. As a result, she could travel at a maximum speed of {{convert|18.2|kn|km/h}} while surfaced and {{convert|7.3|kn|km/h}} while submerged. ''U-104'' had a range of {{convert|12000|nmi|km|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn|km/h}} while on the surface and {{convert|64|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn|km|abbr=on}} while submerged. She was equipped with six torpedo tubes (four in the bow, two in the stern) and carried a total of 22 {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedoes. The submarine could also be equipped with 44 TMA mines instead of torpedoes. ''U-104''{{'}}s main [[deck gun]] was a [[10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun]] on a ''Utof'' mounting with 180 rounds. ''U-104'' also carried the standard [[2 cm FlaK 30]] anti-aircraft gun. She had a crew of 49 men, but could carry up to 56 crew members at any given time. After being commissioned and deployed, ''U-104'' was stationed in the German port city of [[Wilhelmshaven]].<ref name=Type/> |
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==Service History== |
==Service History== |
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Revision as of 14:48, 3 October 2014
| History | |
|---|---|
 Nazi Germany | |
| Name | U-104 |
| Ordered | 24 May 1938[1] |
| Builder | AG Weser, Bremen |
| Yard number | 967[1] |
| Laid down | 10 November 1939[1] |
| Launched | 25 May 1940[1] |
| Commissioned | 19 August 1940[1] |
| Fate | Missing since 28 November 1940 northwest of Ireland. All 49 of her crew are presumed lost[2] |
| General characteristics [3][4] | |
| Displacement | list error: <br /> list (help) 1,051 t (1,034 long tons) surfaced 1,178 t (1,159 long tons) submerged |
| Length | list error: <br /> list (help) 76.5 m (251 ft) overall 58.7 m (192 ft 7 in) pressure hull |
| Beam | list error: <br /> list (help) 6.76 m (22 ft 2 in) overall 4.4 m (14 ft 5 in) pressure hull |
| Height | 9.6 m (31 ft 6 in) |
| Draft | 4.7 m (15 ft 5 in) |
| Speed | list error: <br /> list (help) 33.9 kilometres per hour (18.3 kn) surfaced 13.5 kilometres per hour (7.3 kn) submerged |
| Range | list error: <br /> list (help) 12,000 nmi (22,000 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h) surfaced 64 nmi (119 km) at 4 kn (7.4 km/h) submerged |
| Test depth | 230 m (750 ft) |
| Armament | list error: mixed text and list (help)
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| Service record[2][5] | |
| Part of: |
list error: <br /> list (help) 2nd U-boat Flotilla (19 August 1940–31 October 1940) 2nd U-boat Flotilla (1 November 1940–28 November 1940) |
| Commanders: |
list error: <br /> list (help) Kptlt. Harald Jürst (19 August 1940–28 November 1940) |
German submarine U-104 was a Type IXB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was ordered by the Kriegsmarine on 24 May 1938 as part of the German naval rearmament program Plan Z. Her keel was laid down by AG Weser in Bremen in November 1939. Following about six and a half months of construction, she was launched in May 1940 and formally commissioned into the Kriegsmarine in August 1940.
U-104 had a very short career, sinking just one enemy vessel and damaging one other during one war patrol. In the middle of her first patrol, U-104 was posted missing off the north coast of Ireland on 28 November 1940 and was presumed sunk in minefield SN 44, which was laid a few days prior to her arrival in the area.
Construction and design
Construction
U-104 was ordered by the Kriegsmarine on 24 May 1938 (as part of Plan Z and in violation of the Treaty of Versailles). Her keel was laid down on 10 November 1939 by AG Weser in Bremen as yard number 967. U-104 was launched on 25 May 1940 and commissioned on 19 August of that year under the command of Kapitänleutnant Harald Jürst.[2]
Design
Like all Type IXB submarines, U-104 had a total output of 1,000 hp (746 kW) while submerged and 4,400 hp (3,281 kW) when surfaced. As a result, she could travel at a maximum speed of 18.2 knots (33.7 km/h) while surfaced and 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h) while submerged. U-104 had a range of 12,000 nmi (22,000 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h) while on the surface and 64 nmi (119 km) at 4 kn ([convert: unit mismatch]) while submerged. She was equipped with six torpedo tubes (four in the bow, two in the stern) and carried a total of 22 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedoes. The submarine could also be equipped with 44 TMA mines instead of torpedoes. U-104's main deck gun was a 10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun on a Utof mounting with 180 rounds. U-104 also carried the standard 2 cm FlaK 30 anti-aircraft gun. She had a crew of 49 men, but could carry up to 56 crew members at any given time. After being commissioned and deployed, U-104 was stationed in the German port city of Wilhelmshaven.[4]
Service History
During her short career, U-104 sank one enemy vessel and damaged another on her first and only war patrol in the North Sea, off the northern coast of Ireland and Great Britain.[2] She went to sea on her first and only war patrol on 12 November 1940. For a period of 17 days, she roamed the North Sea and eventually the northern coast of Scotland and Ireland in search of any Allied convoys heading to Great Britain. During that time she attacked two enemy vessels, sinking one and damaging the other.[6] On 27 November 1940, U-104 torpedoed and sank the British merchant vessel Diplomat, a straggler of convoy HX 88, with the loss of 14 of her crew.[7] The other merchant vessel was the British motor tanker Charles F. Meyer, of convoy HX 87, which survived the attack. The next day, U-104 went missing just north of neutral Ireland. She is presumed to have been sunk by a mine from the SN 44 minefield, which was laid on 8 November 1940, just 20 days prior to U-104's disappearance.[6] All of her crew are presumed dead.[2]
Summary of Raiding Career
| Date | Ship | Nationality | Tonnage | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 November 1940 | Charles F. Meyer |  United Kingdom
|
10,516 | Damaged |
| 27 November 1940 | Diplomat | United Kingdom
|
8,240 | Sunk |
References
- Notes
- ^ a b c d e "U-104 Type IXB". ubootwaffe.net. Retrieved 8 June 2010.[dead link]
- ^ a b c d e Helgason, Guðmundur. "U-104". German U-boats of WWII. Uboat.net. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
- ^ Gröner, pp. 105–7.
- ^ a b Helgason, Guðmundur. "Type IXB". U-Boat War in World War II. Uboat.net. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "War Patrols by U-104". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
- ^ a b Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol info for U-104 (First patrol)". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Diplomat (Steam merchant)". Ships hit by U-boats. Uboat.net. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
- Bibliography
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help); Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Gröner, Erich (1985). U-Boote, Hilfskreuzer, Minenschiffe, Netzleger, Sperrbrecher (in German). Vol. III. Koblenz: Bernard & Graefe. ISBN 3-7637-4802-4.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help); Invalid|ref=harv(help)
External links
55°30′N 8°0′W / 55.500°N 8.000°W
Warning: Display title "German submarine<i> U-104 </i>(1940)" overrides earlier display title "German submarine <i>U-104</i> (1940)" (help).