List of lighthouses in Indonesia: Difference between revisions
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==Kalimantan== |
==Kalimantan== |
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! Lighthouse |
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! Location |
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! Province |
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! Established |
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! Height (meter) |
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! Focal Plane |
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! Status |
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! class="unsortable"|Image |
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| Balikpapan / Tanjung Tokong / Tukong Hill |
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| Tanjung Tokong |
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| [[East Kalimantan]] |
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| ? |
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| 30 m |
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| 93 m |
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| Active |
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| |
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| ⚫ | | A square skeletal tower with gallery, painted with red and white horizontal bands. The lighthouse marks the entrance to the harbor of [[Balikpapan]]. During World War II, Japanese troops took Balikpapan in January 1942 and held it until it was taken by Australian forces in heavy fighting in July 1945.<ref name="lh-kal">{{cite web |url=http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/lighthouse/idka.htm |title=Lighthouses of Indonesia: Kalimantan |last1=Russ |first1=Rowlett |last2= |first2= |date=December 9, 2008 |website= |publisher=University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. |accessdate=May 3, 2013}}</ref> |
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| Pulau Beras Basah |
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| [[East Kalimantan]] |
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| ? |
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| 35 m |
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| 36 m |
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| Active |
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| A square pyramidal skeletal tower with gallery. The tower has been enclosed with metal plates. The lighthouse is located on the beach of Beras Basah, a popular resort island almost on the Equator.<ref name="lh-kal"/> |
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==Sulawesi== |
==Sulawesi== |
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Revision as of 08:51, 3 May 2013
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Indonesia, comprised of some 17,000 islands (more than 6000 inhabited islands), has major aids to navigation. Lighthouses are constructed in important marine navigation points. Information about lighthouses in Indonesia is scarce.[1]
The Indonesian word for a lighthouse is mercusuar or sometimes menara suar.
Below is a list of lighthouses in Indonesia. The list is divided into provinces. Tanjung and ujung are words for capes, pulau is an island, selat is a strait, karang is a reef, and teluk is a harbor.
Sumatra
Sumatra is the westernmost of the major islands of Indonesia. It is separated from Malaysia to the north by the Malacca Strait, from Borneo to the northeast by the broad Karimata Strait, and from Java to the southeast by the Sunda Strait.[2]
| Lighthouse | Location | Province | Established | Height (meter) | Focal Plane | Status | Image | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breueh / Pulau Brueh / Pulau Bras / Willemstoren (former) | Breueh Island | Aceh | 1875 | 44 m | 160 m | Active | Round stone tower with lantern and gallery, painted red and white. The lighthouse marks the extreme northwestern corner of Indonesia, Weh Island. Breueh was devastated by the Boxing Day tsunami, but the lighthouse was far above the waves, although some of its support buildings were destroyed. There are ecotours to the island, and the light station is accessible by road.[3] | |
| Tanjung Cukuhbalambing (Vlakken Hoek, Balimbing, Belimbing) | Tanjung Cukuhbalambing | Lampung | 1880 | 58 m | 63 m | Active (Fragile condition) | 16-sided cast iron tower with lantern and gallery, painted white. Prefabricated at The Hague by Enthoven and Co., this historic lighthouse marks the southern point of Sumatra; it is a landfall light for eastbound ships approaching the Sunda Strait. The tsunami waves created by the eruption of Krakatoa in August 1883 damaged the first floor of the lighthouse and destroyed the keeper's house and other station buildings. The light station is now included in the Tambling Wildlife Nature Conservation[2] |
Java
Java is the world's most populous island with more than 130 million residents. The national capital, Jakarta, is on the northwestern coast of Java.
| Lighthouse | Location | Province | Established | Height (meter) | Focal Plane | Status | Image | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cikoneng (Anyer, Tjikoneng, Vierde Punt, Fourth Point) | Tanjung Cikoneng | Banten | 1885 (station established 1855) | 58 m | 60 m | Active | 
|
The lighthouse was prefabricated at The Hague in the Netherlands by Enthoven and Co. It is one the very few Indonesian lighthouses readily accessible to tourists. The original lighthouse was destroyed by tsunami waves triggered by the catastrophic explosion of the Krakatoa volcano on 27 August 1883. These waves were at least 30 m (100 ft) high, obliterating all traces of the original light station.[1] |
| Pulau Biawak / Pulau Rakit / Boompjes Eiland (former) | Pulau Biawak | West Java | 1872 | 14 m | 14 m | Active | 16-sided cast iron skeletal tower with lantern, gallery, and central cylinder. This lighthouse was prefabricated by Leiden in the Netherlands. The present lantern was added in 1911. Located on a small island about 65 km northeast of Kandanghaur in the Java Sea.[1] | |
| Semarang / Tanjung Emmas | Semarang | Central Java | 1883 (station established 1872) | 30 m | 33 m | Active | 
|
12-sided cast iron tower painted in white. It contains a lantern and a gallery.[4] |
Kalimantan
| Lighthouse | Location | Province | Established | Height (meter) | Focal Plane | Status | Image | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balikpapan / Tanjung Tokong / Tukong Hill | Tanjung Tokong | East Kalimantan | ? | 30 m | 93 m | Active | A square skeletal tower with gallery, painted with red and white horizontal bands. The lighthouse marks the entrance to the harbor of Balikpapan. During World War II, Japanese troops took Balikpapan in January 1942 and held it until it was taken by Australian forces in heavy fighting in July 1945.[5] | |
| Pulau Beras Basah | East Kalimantan | ? | 35 m | 36 m | Active | A square pyramidal skeletal tower with gallery. The tower has been enclosed with metal plates. The lighthouse is located on the beach of Beras Basah, a popular resort island almost on the Equator.[5] |
Sulawesi
Sulawesi (Celebes) consists of four narrow peninsulas. The Makassar Strait is to the west, separating Sulawesi from Kalimantan (Borneo) to the west. The Celebes Sea is north of the island, the Banda Sea is to the east and southeast, and the Flores Sea is on the south. Makassar is the major port.[6]
Papua
The Dutch extended their claim to western New Guinea, world's second-largest island, in 1828, but they established no major settlements until nearly 1900. West Papua remained under Dutch control until 1963, when it was ceded to Indonesia. The principal towns today are Jayapura (formerly Hollandia) and Manokwari in the north, Sorong at the west end of the island, and Merauke in the south.
| Lighthouse | Location | Province | Established | Height (meter) | Focal Plane | Status | Image | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oinake | Watung, Jayapura Regency | Papua | 1990s? | 37 m | 200 m | Active | 
|
Octagonal concrete tower with lantern and gallery. The lighthouse is unpainted white concrete. It is located at the border between Indonesian Papua and the independent nation of Papua New Guinea, near the town of Watung, Papua New Guinea, and about 50 km (30 mi) east of Jayapura, the capital of Indonesia's Papua province.[7] |
References
- ^ a b c Russ, Rowlett (April 13, 2006). "Lighthouses of Indonesia: Western Java". University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
- ^ a b Russ, Rowlett (April 13, 2006). "Lighthouses of Indonesia: Southern Sumatra". University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
- ^ Russ, Rowlett (April 13, 2006). "Lighthouses of Indonesia: Northern Sumatra". University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
- ^ Russ, Rowlett (April 13, 2006). "Lighthouses of Indonesia: Eastern Java". University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
- ^ a b Russ, Rowlett (December 9, 2008). "Lighthouses of Indonesia: Kalimantan". University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved May 3, 2013.
- ^ Russ, Rowlett (April 13, 2006). "Lighthouses of Indonesia: Southern Sulawesi". University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
- ^ Russ, Rowlett (April 13, 2006). "Lighthouses of Indonesia: Western Papua". University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
External links
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