Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación: Difference between revisions
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In 1974, the SNTE elected Carlos Barrios general secretary, who promoted trade unionism through regular strikes. As the union became more and more miltant, in an audience with President Carlos Salinas de Gortari, the President rquested his resignation in 1989. |
In 1974, the SNTE elected Carlos Barrios general secretary, who promoted trade unionism through regular strikes. As the union became more and more miltant, in an audience with President Carlos Salinas de Gortari, the President rquested his resignation in 1989. |
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===Gordillo: 1989-present=== |
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He was replaced by Elba Esther Gordillo Morales, who has since been able to wield the power of SNTE nationally far more effectively for the gain of the SNTE, and her own enrichment. Made SNTE President for life, she has since been accused by successive governments of stopping the advance of education reforms. This lead to the union forming its own political party, [[New Alliance Party (Mexico)|New Alliance]], with her daughter on the committee and with Rafael Ochoa Guzmán, the former SNTE general secretary, as the parties deputy and senator. |
He was replaced by Elba Esther Gordillo Morales, who has since been able to wield the power of SNTE nationally far more effectively for the gain of the SNTE, and her own enrichment. Made SNTE President for life, she has since been accused by successive governments of stopping the advance of education reforms. This lead to the union forming its own political party, [[New Alliance Party (Mexico)|New Alliance]], with her daughter on the committee and with Rafael Ochoa Guzmán, the former SNTE general secretary, as the parties deputy and senator. |
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During her period in office, Gordillo became notorious for wearing luxury brands such as [[Hermès]] and [[Chanel]]. On 26 February, Gordillo was arrested by the Mexican authorities at the [[Lic. Adolfo López Mateos International Airport|Toluca airport]] for allegedly [[Embezzlement|embezzling]] $2 billion [[Mexican peso|pesos]] ($156 million [[USD]] or €119 million [[euro]]s) from the SNTE.<ref>{{cite news|title=Head of Mexico's powerful teachers' union detained|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20130226/lt-mexico-union-leader/?utm_hp_ref=green&ir=green|accessdate=27 February 2013|newspaper=[[The Huffington Post]]|date=26 February 2013|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EjYM2o2H|archivedate=26 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Detienen a Elba Esther Gordillo por desvío de recursos|url=http://noticias.univision.com/mexico/noticias/article/2013-02-26/detienen-a-elba-esther-gordillo#axzz2M3lUCkQS|accessdate=27 February 2013|newspaper=[[Univision]]|date=26 February 2013|language=Spanish}}</ref> Authorities alleged the next day in court that, although she claimed only to have earnt 1.1m pesos ($86,000) between 2009 to 2012, her expenditure included:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/feb/27/elba-esther-gordillo-mexico-union-embezzlement|title=Elba Esther Gordillo accused of embezzlement|author=Jo Tuckman|publisher=[[The Guardian]]|date=27 February 2013|accessdate=27 February 2013}}</ref> |
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*$3.1 million USD at a [[Neiman Marcus]] department store in San Diego between March 2009 and January 2012.<ref name=AFP> {{cite news | title = Mexico teachers union head arrested | date = 27 February 2013 | publisher = Global Post | url = http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/afp/130227/mexico-teachers-union-head-arrested | work = Agence France-Presse (AFP) | accessdate = 2013-02-27}}</ref><ref name='Archibold'/> |
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*$2.0 million transferred to bank accounts in [[Switzerland]] and [[Liechtenstein]] in the name of a company 99% owned by Gordillo's mother. The company bought two properties with the money in California, including a $1.7 million USD home in [[San Diego]] that she claims belongs to her mother and other family members. |
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*Amassed a total of 10 properties |
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*$1.4m in transfers to a private jet company called Ademex |
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*$17,260 to plastic surgery clinics in California |
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==Proposition== |
==Proposition== |
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Revision as of 03:47, 28 February 2013
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2013) |
Mexican National Educational Workers Union | |
| Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación | |
 | |
| Founded | 1943 |
|---|---|
Members | 1.4million |
| Affiliations | New Alliance Party |
| Website | SNTE.org.mx |
Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación (Mexican National Educational Workers Union - SNTE) is the largest trade union in Latin America, with over 1.4 million members. Its current Secretary-General is Prof. Juan Diaz de la Torre, and its President is the teacher Elba Esther Gordillo.
It is currently the largest teachers union in America and the largest union in Latin America. Formed in 1949, the SNTE is composed of local sections in each of Mexico's states. For much of its history, the SNTE has been a corporatist union allied with the long-ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) and has been accused of having government-appointed charro leaders and anti-democratic tendencies. This resulted in a movement in the late 1970s and early 1980s in which sections from several states began demanding democratic reforms in the union structure. This movement resulted in the fall of SNTE leader Carlos Jongitud Barrios in 1989. He was replaced by the current leader of the SNTE, Elba Esther Gordillo.
History
The SNTE has its roots in the struggle of the teachers union since the time of President Porfirio Diaz, which easily suppressed all opposition. Teachers strikes in May 1919 and the strike of Veracruz in 1927 and 1928, established the need for an organisation. Both movements affected the construction and strengthening of the Mexican Confederation of Teachers.
With the building of opposition to the government, in 1932 saw the formation of the Mexican Confederation of Teachers, and in 1934, the League of Education Workers (under the leadership of the Communist Party of Mexico), the Workers' University and the National Federation of Education Workers. By 1935 the United Front was formed from the National Education Workers, culminating with the creation of the National Confederation of Education Workers, during a period of a huge boom in worker, peasant and popular union associations.
The SNTE began to consolidate from 1939, with the formation of various regionalised trade guilds and unions that were adhering to the Confederation of Workers of Mexico (CTM), which in turn served as the labor sector of the PRI.
In 1936 the Confederation of Workers of Mexico supported the creation of the Union of Education Workers of the Mexican Republic (STERM Inter). From its foundation, it began to form the basis of a national educational system. But due to both internal and external conflict, break away unions formed, including the Revolutionary Front of Teachers (after the Mexican Union of Teachers and Education Workers).
A crisis created the emergence of SNATE, that also later created FRMM, STERM and FSTSE. Véjar Octavio Vazquez tried to unite the teachers from the top, but only managed further division. In April 1942, he agreed a unity pact between SMMTE, SUNTE and STERM which created one national guild. With the support of CTM, the SNTE was created uner the leadership of Luis Chavez Orozco, who only remained in place for a year.
During the administration of Adolfo Lopez Mateos, during the largest teachers strike i the first half of the 20th century, the government supressed the strike, and so consoidated all teachers representation under the SNTE.
In 1974, the SNTE elected Carlos Barrios general secretary, who promoted trade unionism through regular strikes. As the union became more and more miltant, in an audience with President Carlos Salinas de Gortari, the President rquested his resignation in 1989.
Gordillo: 1989-present
He was replaced by Elba Esther Gordillo Morales, who has since been able to wield the power of SNTE nationally far more effectively for the gain of the SNTE, and her own enrichment. Made SNTE President for life, she has since been accused by successive governments of stopping the advance of education reforms. This lead to the union forming its own political party, New Alliance, with her daughter on the committee and with Rafael Ochoa Guzmán, the former SNTE general secretary, as the parties deputy and senator.
During her period in office, Gordillo became notorious for wearing luxury brands such as Hermès and Chanel. On 26 February, Gordillo was arrested by the Mexican authorities at the Toluca airport for allegedly embezzling $2 billion pesos ($156 million USD or €119 million euros) from the SNTE.[1][2] Authorities alleged the next day in court that, although she claimed only to have earnt 1.1m pesos ($86,000) between 2009 to 2012, her expenditure included:[3]
- $3.1 million USD at a Neiman Marcus department store in San Diego between March 2009 and January 2012.[4][5]
- $2.0 million transferred to bank accounts in Switzerland and Liechtenstein in the name of a company 99% owned by Gordillo's mother. The company bought two properties with the money in California, including a $1.7 million USD home in San Diego that she claims belongs to her mother and other family members.
- Amassed a total of 10 properties
- $1.4m in transfers to a private jet company called Ademex
- $17,260 to plastic surgery clinics in California
Proposition
From its formation, the STNE has presented the idea of a single trade union reprsenting all educational workers across the country. Supported by its ties with the State and the Party of the Mexican Revolution (PRM), the SNTE became a pillar of the state, identified with nationalism and political hegemony, holding the unity of all workers in the country's education and the voice of business interests to the education authority. Currently, union members must pay 1% of their salary as union fees.[6]
The SNTE is recognized by the government in educational policy decisions, as groups representing the interests of professional, technical, administrative and social work forming the basis of the education sector. It manifests itself in defense of the principles of Article 3 of the Constitution and supporting free and compulsory education provided by the State.[7]
Organisation
The SNTE is composed of: a National President; a General Secretariat Executive; Chartered, National Governing Bodies; Auxiliary Organizations; and Associations of Solidarity.[8] It is divided into 54 union delegations throughout Mexico.[9][10]
The union organisation and administration currently numbers over 53,000 workers, providing members with all services plus health and educational support.[11].
References
- ^ "Head of Mexico's powerful teachers' union detained". The Huffington Post. 26 February 2013. Archived from the original on 26 February 2013. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
- ^ "Detienen a Elba Esther Gordillo por desvío de recursos". Univision (in Spanish). 26 February 2013. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
- ^ Jo Tuckman (27 February 2013). "Elba Esther Gordillo accused of embezzlement". The Guardian. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
- ^ "Mexico teachers union head arrested". Agence France-Presse (AFP). Global Post. 27 February 2013. Retrieved 2013-02-27.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Archiboldwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Góngora Sobreanes, J y Leyva Piña, M. A. (2007). El SNTE en su encrucijada: política o educación. México, Laboratorio de Políticas Públicas. pp 10-23.
- ^ Administrador. (2006). El sindicalismo magisterial. SNTE, Sección 18 Michoacán.
- ^ http://www.snte.org.mx/?P=snte_organizacion
- ^ http://www.snte.org.mx/?P=snte_seccsind
- ^ http://www.wenceslao.com.mx/snte32/enlaces.htm
- ^ http://www.snte.org.mx/?P=articulo&Article=1609
External links
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