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===Kecamatan Kepulauan Seribu Utara (North Thousand Islands)===
===Kecamatan Kepulauan Seribu Utara (North Thousand Islands)===
The Kecamatan of North Thousand Islands|Kepulauan Seribu Utara ("North Thousand Islands") is located further away from Jakarta. The sea water is relatively cleaner because the Subdistrict is farther away from the [[Bay of Jakarta]] than the Subdistrict of South Thousand Islands. The cleaner water is able to sustain a variety of marine life.
The Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara ("North Thousand Islands") is located further north from Jakarta. The sea water is relatively cleaner than the Subdistrict of South Thousand Islands because of its location further away from the [[Bay of Jakarta]]. The cleaner water is able to sustain more varieties of marine life.


On January 1st, 1982, some of the islands of the North Thousand Island is declared a Marine National Park under the name ''Taman Nasional Laut Kepulauan Seribu'' or "Thousand Islands Marine National National Park".<ref>[http://konservasi-laut.net/index.php?p=konservasi_detail&vid=74]</ref>
On January 1, 1982, some of the islands in the Kecamatan of North Thousand Islands are declared a Marine National Park under the name ''Taman Nasional Laut Kepulauan Seribu'' or "Thousand Islands Marine National National Park".<ref>[http://konservasi-laut.net/index.php?p=konservasi_detail&vid=74]</ref>


The Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara can be divided into three Kelurahan (Administrative villages): Kelurahan Pulau Panggang, Kelurahan Pulau Kelapa, and Kelurahan Pulau Harapan. Kelurahan Pulau Panggang contains 13 islands, Kelurahan Pulau Harapan contains 30 islands, and Kelurahan Pulau Kelapa contains 36 islands,
The Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara is divided into three Kelurahan (Administrative villages): Kelurahan Pulau Panggang, Kelurahan Pulau Kelapa, and Kelurahan Pulau Harapan.


====Kelurahan Pulau Panggang====
====Kelurahan Pulau Panggang====
The Kelurahan of '''Pulau Panggang''' (postal code 14530) makes up the southern part of the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara. The Kelurahan contains 13 islands which is divided into two settlement islands, two resort islands, one administrative island, and the rest are conservation islands.
The Kelurahan of '''Pulau Panggang''' (postal code 14530) makes up the southern part of the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara. Officially, the Kelurahan contains 13 islands which is divided into two settlement islands, two resort islands, one administrative island, and the rest are conservation islands.


Pulau Panggang was officially inaugurated as the administrative center of the Kelurahan Pulau Panggang in August 1986, and in July 27, 2000 when Kepulauan Seribu was elevated from a Subdistrict (Kecamatan) into a Regency (Kabupaten). Pulau Pramuka, the administrative center of Kepulauan Seribu Regency, is also located in the Kelurahan of Pulau Panggang.<ref name="panggang">{{cite web |url=http://arsmusic.wordpress.com/2010/05/16/pulau-panggang/#more-2573 |title=Pulau Panggang Saksi Bisu Sejarah Pemerintahan |author=pulauseribu.net |language=Indonesian |date=May 16, 2010 |work= |publisher= |accessdate=April 9, 2012}}</ref>
Pulau Panggang was officially inaugurated as the administrative center of the Kelurahan Pulau Panggang in August 1986, and in July 27, 2000 when Kepulauan Seribu was elevated from a Subdistrict (Kecamatan) into a Regency (Kabupaten). Pulau Pramuka, the administrative center of Kepulauan Seribu Regency, is also located in the Kelurahan of Pulau Panggang.<ref name="panggang">{{cite web |url=http://arsmusic.wordpress.com/2010/05/16/pulau-panggang/#more-2573 |title=Pulau Panggang Saksi Bisu Sejarah Pemerintahan |author=pulauseribu.net |language=Indonesian |date=May 16, 2010 |work= |publisher= |accessdate=April 9, 2012}}</ref>
Line 238: Line 238:


====Kelurahan Pulau Kelapa====
====Kelurahan Pulau Kelapa====
Kelurahan '''Pulau Kelapa''' (postal code 14540) makes up the western part of the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara.
Kelurahan '''Pulau Kelapa''' (postal code 14540) makes up the western part of the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara. Officially, the Kelurahan of Pulau Kelapa contains 36 islands.

{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
! Island !! Location !! Remarks !! Image
! Island !! Location !! Remarks !! Image
Line 282: Line 283:
| Kayu Angin Selatan || {{coord| -5.619866|106.561395|format=dms}} || ||
| Kayu Angin Selatan || {{coord| -5.619866|106.561395|format=dms}} || ||
|-
|-
| '''Kelapa'''|| {{coord| -5.653585|106.572880|format=dms}} ||Capital of the Kelurahan of Pulau Kelapa. The island contains a fishing village. It is the most populous island in the Kepulauan Seribu.<ref name="demo">{{cite book |title=Keadaan Umum Wilayah Kepulauan Seribu |last= |first= |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= |publisher= |location= |isbn= |page= |pages= |url=http://www.damandiri.or.id/file/ariadinooripbbab4.pdf |accessdate=February 16, 2002}}</ref>||
| '''Kelapa'''|| {{coord|-5.653585|106.572880|format=dms}} ||Capital of the Kelurahan of Pulau Kelapa. The island contains a fishing village. It is the most populous island in the Kepulauan Seribu. The island is located to the east of Pulau Harapan (the capital of the Kelurahan of Pulau Harapan) and is connected by a 200 meter wooden deck. It belongs to the same reef system as Pulau Harapan.<ref name="demo">{{cite book |title=Keadaan Umum Wilayah Kepulauan Seribu |last= |first= |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= |publisher= |location= |isbn= |page= |pages= |url=http://www.damandiri.or.id/file/ariadinooripbbab4.pdf |accessdate=February 16, 2002}}</ref>||
|-
|-
| Kelor Barat|| {{coord|-5.558104|106.525410|format=dms}} || ||
| Kelor Barat|| {{coord|-5.558104|106.525410|format=dms}} || ||
Line 339: Line 340:


====Kelurahan Pulau Harapan====
====Kelurahan Pulau Harapan====
Kelurahan '''Pulau Harapan''' (postal code 14540) makes up the eastern part of the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara.
Kelurahan '''Pulau Harapan''' (postal code 14540) makes up the eastern part of the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara. Officially, the Kelurahan contains 30 islands.


{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
Line 358: Line 359:
| Gosong Laga Kecil|| {{coord|-5.528990|106.575501|format=dms}} || ||
| Gosong Laga Kecil|| {{coord|-5.528990|106.575501|format=dms}} || ||
|-
|-
| '''Harapan'''|| {{coord|-5.654277|106.569114|format=dms}} || The capital of the Kelurahan of Pulau Harapan.||
| '''Harapan'''|| {{coord|-5.653107|106.578194|format=dms}} || The capital of the Kelurahan of Pulau Harapan. The island is located to the west of Pulau Kelapa, connected by a 200 meter wooden deck. It belongs to the same reef system as Pulau Kelapa.||
|-
|-
| Jagung|| {{coord|-5.480406|106.518113|format=dms}} || ||
| Jagung|| {{coord|-5.480406|106.518113|format=dms}} || ||

Revision as of 11:53, 29 April 2012

Kepulauan Seribu
Thousand Islands
Regency
The archipelago of Kepulauan Seribu focusing on Pulau Kelapa in the center of the picture.
The archipelago of Kepulauan Seribu focusing on Pulau Kelapa in the center of the picture.
Country Indonesia
ProvinceJakarta
CapitalPramuka Island
Government
 • Bupati (Regent)Drs. Burhanuddin, MM
Area
 • Total8.7 km2 (3.4 sq mi)
Population
 • Total21.071
 • Density2.4/km2 (6.3/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+7 (WIB)

Kepulauan Seribu (English: Thousand Islands) is the name for chains of islands to the north of Jakarta's coast as well as the name of the only regency of Jakarta, Indonesia. It consists of a string of 110 islands[1] stretching 45 kilometers north into the Java Sea.

A decree[2] states that 36 islands may be used for recreation. Of these 36 islands, only 13 islands are fully developed: 11 islands are homes to resorts island and two islands are historic parks. Twenty-three islands are privately owned and are not open to the public.[3] The rest of the islands are either uninhabited or support a fishing village.[3]

History

The modern history of the Kepulauan Seribu chain of islands begins with its role in the defenses of the city of Batavia for the VOC and the Dutch colonial empire. Since the establishment of Batavia in 1610, Onrust island has been a naval base.

After the VOC failed to obtain control on trade activities in Banten in 1610, the Dutch obtained permission from Prince Jayakarta to build a dock at one of the islands in Jakarta Bay as a place to repair and equip ships sailing to Asia, particularly South East Asia. The island Prince Jayakarta assigned to the VOC was Onrust Island, a 12 hectare island 14 km from Jakarta.

Map of Onrust Island (1650)

In 1615 the VOC built a shipyard and a small storage house on the island, which Jan Pieterszoon Coen hoped would eventually develop into a trade and defence base against threats from Banten and England (1618). The VOC constructed a small rectangular fort with two bastions in 1656; the bastions protruded from the fort and were used as look-out posts.[4] The fort was enlarged in 1671 and given an asymetrical pentagonal shape with a bastion in each corner. The whole structure was made of red bricks and coral. In 1674 additional storage buildings were built.[4]

Onrust Island in 1699.

In 1795, Dutch position in Batavia became quite uncertain due to the war in Europe at the time and the situation became worse with the appearance in 1800 of a British naval squadron under the command of Captain Henry Lidgbird Ball of HMS Daedalus. Daedalus, HMS Sybille, HMS Centurion and HMS Braave entered the area, which they referred to as Batavia Roads. They seized five Dutch armed vessels and destroyed 22 other vessels. Onrust island was under siege by the British and eventually destroyed.

After the British departed, the Dutch rebuilt the buildings and facilities, completing the work in 1806. However, a second British attack, led by Admiral Edward Pellew, again destroyed the fort. When the British occupied Batavia in 1810, the buildings in Onrust island were repaired until the British left Indonesia in 1816.[4]

Onrust island was again given attention in 1827 during the period of Governor General G.A.Baron Van Der Capellen and activities in the island were normal again in 1848. In 1856 a floating shipyard was built for repair works at sea. However, the construction of Tanjung Priok harbour in 1883 resulted in a decline in the role and significance of Onrust island.[4]

The island Onrust and Kuyper as a quarantine place for Hajj pilgrims in 1925.

In 1911-1933, Onrust island was the quarantine place for Hajj pilgrims. A barrack was built in 1911 to contains 35 units for about 100 pilgrims.[5]. From 1933 until 1940, Onrust island was the detention place for mutineers involved in the Incident of the Seven Ships (Zeven Provincien). In 1940 it became the detention place for Germans, such as Steinfurt who was the Chief Administrator of Onrust Island. After the Japanese entered Indonesia (1942), the role of Onrust island declined again and it became the detention place for serious / grave criminals.[4]

After Indonesia proclaimed her independence, the island became the quarantine place for lepers, under the control of the Indonesia Ministry of Health, until 1960. The lepers hospital was then moved to Post VII at Tanjung Priok harbour. After a coup by General Suharto, Chris Soumokil, who declared the self-proclaimed Republic of South Moluccas and placed himself as a president, was arrested and later executed by order of President Suharto in Onrust Island on April 21, 1966.[6][7]

In 1972 Ali Sadikin, then governor of Jakarta, declared Onrust Island a protected historical site. In 2002 the administration made Onrust and its three neighbors - the island of Cipir, Kelor and Bidadari - an archaeological park to protect the artifacts and ruins on the islands that date back to the time of the Dutch East India Company.

Ecology

Coral reefs in Kepulauan Seribu

An area of 107,489 hectares of land and sea was declared by the Minister of Agriculture in 1982 and designated by a Forestry Ministrial Decree in 2002 as the Taman Nasional Laut Kepulauan Seribu (Thousand Islands Marine National Park). Public access is prohibited on two of the islands, Panjaliran Barat and Panjaliran Timur, where sea turtles are conserved.[8][9]

The Kepulauan Seribu Marine National Park is located 45 km north of Jakarta. It is mostly located on the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara (the northern part of Kepulauan Seribu island chain). The complex contains 342 reef platforms, with 110 formes an island larger than half an acre. There may be as many as 700 individual reefs in the complex.[10]

In general, the plants that grow in the Park are dominated by coastal species like coconut palm (Cocos nucifera), pandan (Pandanus sp.), cemara laut (Casuarina equisetifolia), cangkudu (Morinda citrifolia), butun (Barringtonia asiatica), mangroves (Bruguiera sp.), breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis), ketapang (Terminalia catappa), and kecundang (Cerbera odollam).[9]

Sea vegetation commonly found in the Park consists of seaweed divisions like Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta and Phaeophyta as well as classes of sea grasses like Halimeda sp., Padina sp., Thalassia sp., Sargassum sp., and Caulerpa sp.[9]

The dominant animals in the Park include 54 sea biota species which form part of the coral reef ecosystem, 144 species of fish, 2 species of giant clam, 6 species of sea grass, sea worms of various colours and 17 species of coastal bird.[9]

This Park forms a hatching site for hawksbill sea turtle, and green sea turtle. The hawksbill turtle is an endangered species and is rarely found in other waters. These turtles are bred on Pramuka Island. This activity is aimed at recovering the turtle population, which had almost reached extinction. Breeding activities include egg hatching in a semi-natural way and caring for the baby turtles till they are ready to be released into their natural habitat.[9]

Most coastal areas of this Park are surrounded by mangrove forest, where iguanas, golden ring snakes and reticulated pythons can be found.[9]

Islands and administrative divisions

Kepulauan Seribu Regency contains 110 islands and is divided into two subdistricts or kecamatan: the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Selatan, or South Thousand Islands, and the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara, or North Thousand Islands. Each kecamatan in turn is divided into three kelurahan.

Below are the complete list of the islands in Pulau Seribu:[11]

Kecamatan Kepulauan Seribu Selatan (South Thousand Islands)

The Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Selatan is the closest subdistrict to the coast of Jakarta. Being relatively closer to the coast of Jakarta, the waters around the islands suffer from the pollution coming from the Jakarta Bay. The pollution is the result of the poor living condition of the majority of people living along the bay, as well as nutrient inputs from agricultural runoff, industrial pollution, and wastewater.

Kepulauan Seribu Selatan contains the historic Onrust Island Archeology Park.

The Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Selatan can be divided into three Kelurahan: Kelurahan Pulau Untung Jawa, Kelurahan Pulau Pari, and Kelurahan Pulau Tidung. Pulau Untung Jawa Kelurahan contains 15 islands, Pulau Tidung Kelurahan contains six islands, and Pulau Pari Kelurahan contains ten islands.

Kelurahan Pulau Untung Jawa

Pulau Untung Jawa Kelurahan or administrative village (postal code 14510) is the closest kelurahan to the coast of Jakarta. The Kelurahan of Pulau Untung Jawa contains more archaeological artifacts than the rest of the Kepulauan Seribu's islands as it is located closer to Jakarta, being an important and strategic location for military defense as well as transit points for the Dutch colony.

Island Location Remarks Image
Air Besar / Ayer Besar 6°00′15″S 106°46′53″E / 6.004167°S 106.781389°E / -6.004167; 106.781389 Also known as Ayer, it is privately developed as a resort. [3][12]
Air Kecil / Ayer Kecil / Nusi 5°59′00″S 106°46′00″E / 5.983333°S 106.766667°E / -5.983333; 106.766667 Has been submerged underwater.[13]
Bidadari / Sakit 6°02′09″S 106°44′48″E / 6.035949°S 106.746796°E / -6.035949; 106.746796 "Heavenly nymph". The Dutch named the island Purmerend eiland after the Dutch town of Purmerend. In 1850 the Dutch built a Martello tower here as part of a set of fortifications that protected the approaches to Batavia. The tower was operational until 1878, when it became a storage site. It too was badly damaged by the Krakatoa explosion and was abandoned in 1908. All that remains now is the base up to a meter or two above ground. Bidadari was also known as Pulau Sakit (Sick Island) as it housed a leper colony during the 17th century. More recently, the island came to be called "Angel Island", to honor the leprosarium that had been there. Bidadari is a privately developed resort island with some facilities for archaeological tourism.[3][12]
Bokor 5°56′37″S 106°37′51″E / 5.943611°S 106.630833°E / -5.943611; 106.630833 The island is a wildlife reserve protecting a variety of birds.[14]
Cipir / Kahyangan 6°02′22″S 106°44′09″E / 6.039444°S 106.735833°E / -6.039444; 106.735833 The Dutch originally named this island de Kuyper Eiland; The British called it Kuyper's or Cooper's Island. During the Dutch colonial era, a shipyard was established in the island. In the early 20th Century a narrow, floating bridge linked Cipir and Onrust islands. At the time, it too functioned as a quarantine station for the hajj pilgrim. The island contains some ruins from the Dutch colonial era.
Damar Besar / Edam 5°57′26″S 106°50′40″E / 5.957222°S 106.844444°E / -5.957222; 106.844444 The island contains a 65 meter lighthouse, built in 1879, known as Vast Licht. It is still used for sea traffic.
Damar Kecil / Monyet 5°59′01″S 106°50′50″E / 5.983611°S 106.847222°E / -5.983611; 106.847222 The island is a post for the Indonesian Navy.
Dapur 5°55′00″S 106°43′00″E / 5.916667°S 106.716667°E / -5.916667; 106.716667 The island has been submerged.[13]
Kelor 6°01′33″S 106°44′43″E / 6.025746°S 106.745393°E / -6.025746; 106.745393 The Dutch first referred to this island as Engelse (English) Onrust and started to use it as a cemetery. It then became known as Kerkhof eiland (Cemetery island) and eventually Kelor. The island contains a circular tower-like structure, often referred to as Martello tower, though it is not one.
Nyamuk Besar / Nirwana 6°01′52″S 106°50′53″E / 6.031111°S 106.848056°E / -6.031111; 106.848056 Abrasion has caused the island to disappear.[13]
Nyamuk Kecil / Talak 6°00′24″S 106°49′47″E / 6.006667°S 106.829722°E / -6.006667; 106.829722 Abrasion has caused the island to disappear.[13]
Onrust / Undrus / Kapal 6°02′00″S 106°44′05″E / 6.033333°S 106.734722°E / -6.033333; 106.734722 The island Onrust is named after the Dutch Onrust, or "unrest". The island is also known as Pulau Kapal (Ship Island) or Pulau Damar Besar. Onrust was the site of a major shipyard and five-sided fort that had belonged to the by then defunct Dutch East India Company. The Dutch had to rebuild the naval base on Onrust several times due to British attacks, such as the one in 1800. The last restoration was in 1840. In 1883 the explosion of Krakatoa sent a huge tidal wave that destroyed the last Dutch naval base on the island. During the 19th Century Onrust held a sanitorium for people suffering from tuberculosis and a quarantine station for pilgrims returning from the Hajj to Mecca.[Note 1] The quarantine barracks took up some two-thirds of the island and could hold 3,500 pilgrims. Over the years erosion reduced Onrust from its original 12 hectares to 7.5 hectares (2002). The administration then built concrete retaining walls around the island but these are now in a dilapidated state.
Rambut 5°58′26″S 106°41′32″E / 5.973889°S 106.692222°E / -5.973889; 106.692222 formerly Middleburgh Eiland. During the Dutch colonial era, the island was used as a military defense point. In 1999, a wildlife reserve was established in the island. The idea was based on an idea by the Director of Botanical Garden of Bogor during the governance of the Dutch Indies.[15]. The island contains a watchtower for birdwatching.
Ubi Besar 6°00′02″S 106°44′27″E / 6.000556°S 106.740833°E / -6.000556; 106.740833 formerly Rotterdam Eiland. The island has been submerged.[13]
Ubi Kecil 6°00′24″S 106°42′52″E / 6.006667°S 106.714444°E / -6.006667; 106.714444 formerly Schiedam Eiland. The island has been submerged.[13]
Untung Jawa 5°58′39″S 106°42′25″E / 5.977488°S 106.706941°E / -5.977488; 106.706941 formerly Amsterdam Eiland, is the capital of Kelurahan Pulau Untung Jawa. The island contains a settlement and mangrove forest.

Kelurahan Pulau Pari

Kelurahan Pulau Pari (postal code 14520).

Island Location Remarks Image
Biawak 5°51′10″S 106°37′08″E / 5.852778°S 106.618889°E / -5.852778; 106.618889[16] "Monitor lizard". Not to be confused with the Biawak island of Indramayu Regency. The island is located to the north of Pari Island and belongs to the same reef system.
Burung 5°51′52″S 106°35′55″E / 5.864444°S 106.598611°E / -5.864444; 106.598611 Privately owned. [3]
Karang Kudus / Karang Gudus 5°51′10″S 106°37′12″E / 5.852778°S 106.620000°E / -5.852778; 106.620000[16] Privately owned. [3]
Kongsi 5°51′24″S 106°36′03″E / 5.856667°S 106.600833°E / -5.856667; 106.600833
Kudus Lempeng / Gudus Lempeng 5°51′13″S 106°37′22″E / 5.853611°S 106.622778°E / -5.853611; 106.622778[16]
Lancang Besar 5°55′42″S 106°35′05″E / 5.928333°S 106.584722°E / -5.928333; 106.584722 Contains a fishing village and a mangrove protected area.[12]
Lancang Kecil 5°56′14″S 106°35′39″E / 5.937222°S 106.594167°E / -5.937222; 106.594167 Privately owned.[3] Eastern part of the island is covered with mangroves.
Pari 5°51′26″S 106°37′11″E / 5.857222°S 106.619722°E / -5.857222; 106.619722 The capital of the Kelurahan of Pulau Pari and the largest island in the Pari reef system.
Tengah 5°51′30″S 106°36′17″E / 5.858333°S 106.604722°E / -5.858333; 106.604722 Privately owned. [3]
Tikus 5°51′45″S 106°34′59″E / 5.862500°S 106.583056°E / -5.862500; 106.583056 Used for research.

Kelurahan Pulau Tidung

The Kelurahan of Pulau Tidung (postal code 14520) contains six official islands.

Island names in italic are not included in the six official islands.

Island Location Remarks Image
Karang Beras 5°46′15″S 106°33′36″E / 5.770817°S 106.560084°E / -5.770817; 106.560084 The island is used for recreation and contains cottages.
Karang Beras Kecil 5°46′11″S 106°33′14″E / 5.769722°S 106.553889°E / -5.769722; 106.553889 The island is located to the west of Karang Beras. It belongs to the same reef system as Karang Beras island.
Laki 5°57′27″S 106°31′17″E / 5.957500°S 106.521389°E / -5.957500; 106.521389 The island was formerly developed as a resort, it is now nonoperational.[3][12]
Payung Besar / Pajung Besar 5°49′18″S 106°33′15″E / 5.821667°S 106.554167°E / -5.821667; 106.554167 The island contains a settlement.
Payung Kecil / Pajung Kecil 5°48′51″S 106°32′56″E / 5.814167°S 106.548889°E / -5.814167; 106.548889 This small island (0.46 hectares) is treeless and is submerged during high tide. It contains two cottages and is used for aquaculture.[17]
Tidung Besar 5°47′56″S 106°30′00″E / 5.798889°S 106.500000°E / -5.798889; 106.500000 Capital of the Kelurahan of Pulau Tidung, Tidung Besar is the largest island in the Kelurahan of Pulau Tidung. It contains a settlement.
Tidung Kecil 5°48′12″S 106°31′24″E / 5.803333°S 106.523333°E / -5.803333; 106.523333 Privately owned. The island is connected to Tidung Besar via a 630 meter long wooden bridge. [3]

Kecamatan Kepulauan Seribu Utara (North Thousand Islands)

The Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara ("North Thousand Islands") is located further north from Jakarta. The sea water is relatively cleaner than the Subdistrict of South Thousand Islands because of its location further away from the Bay of Jakarta. The cleaner water is able to sustain more varieties of marine life.

On January 1, 1982, some of the islands in the Kecamatan of North Thousand Islands are declared a Marine National Park under the name Taman Nasional Laut Kepulauan Seribu or "Thousand Islands Marine National National Park".[18]

The Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara is divided into three Kelurahan (Administrative villages): Kelurahan Pulau Panggang, Kelurahan Pulau Kelapa, and Kelurahan Pulau Harapan.

Kelurahan Pulau Panggang

The Kelurahan of Pulau Panggang (postal code 14530) makes up the southern part of the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara. Officially, the Kelurahan contains 13 islands which is divided into two settlement islands, two resort islands, one administrative island, and the rest are conservation islands.

Pulau Panggang was officially inaugurated as the administrative center of the Kelurahan Pulau Panggang in August 1986, and in July 27, 2000 when Kepulauan Seribu was elevated from a Subdistrict (Kecamatan) into a Regency (Kabupaten). Pulau Pramuka, the administrative center of Kepulauan Seribu Regency, is also located in the Kelurahan of Pulau Panggang.[19]

Island names in italic are not included in the official 13 islands of Kelurahan Pulau Panggang.

Island Location Remarks Image
Air 5°45′54″S 106°34′58″E / 5.765007°S 106.582814°E / -5.765007; 106.582814 The island is used for recreation and contains cottages.
Gosong Pandan 5°42′40″S 106°33′57″E / 5.711111°S 106.565833°E / -5.711111; 106.565833
Karang Balik
Karang Bongkok 5°41′05″S 106°33′44″E / 5.684722°S 106.562222°E / -5.684722; 106.562222 This small elongated island is allocated for reforestation. It is the largest island of its reef system.
Karang Congkak 5°42′31″S 106°34′34″E / 5.708611°S 106.576111°E / -5.708611; 106.576111 This small elongated island is allocated for reforestation. It is the largest island of its reef system.
Karang Lebar
Karya 5°44′07″S 106°36′03″E / 5.735246°S 106.600863°E / -5.735246; 106.600863 The island is located about 500 meter north of Panggang Island in its own reef. The island contains two administrative offices of the Regency of Kepulauan Seribu, one of them is the police headquarter of the Kepulauan Seribu. The shallow water of the Pulau Karya's reef is used as milkfish aquaculture. [19]
Kotok Besar 5°42′02″S 106°32′20″E / 5.700556°S 106.538889°E / -5.700556; 106.538889 Developed as a resort.[3][12]
Kotok Kecil 5°42′00″S 106°42′00″E / 5.700000°S 106.700000°E / -5.700000; 106.700000
Opak Kecil 5°40′43″S 106°35′16″E / 5.678611°S 106.587778°E / -5.678611; 106.587778
Panggang 5°44′19″S 106°36′04″E / 5.738720°S 106.601189°E / -5.738720; 106.601189 the capital of Kelurahan Pulau Panggang. The island is densely populated with fishing villages. A building from the colonial period is used as the administrative center of the Kelurahan. The island contains the only senior high school (SMA) in the Regency.[19]
Peniki / Paniki 5°41′40″S 106°42′44″E / 5.694444°S 106.712222°E / -5.694444; 106.712222 the island is relatively isolated from the other islands of the Pulau Panggang Administrative Village.
Pramuka / Lang 5°44′45″S 106°36′51″E / 5.745886°S 106.614065°E / -5.745886; 106.614065 the capital of the Regency of Kepulauan Seribu
Sekat / Sekati 5°45′35″S 106°36′28″E / 5.759811°S 106.607763°E / -5.759811; 106.607763 The island is allocated for reforestation.
Semak Daun 5°43′48″S 106°34′16″E / 5.729956°S 106.571049°E / -5.729956; 106.571049 A conservation island which contains an aquaculture.[19]

Kelurahan Pulau Kelapa

Kelurahan Pulau Kelapa (postal code 14540) makes up the western part of the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara. Officially, the Kelurahan of Pulau Kelapa contains 36 islands.

Island Location Remarks Image
Bundar / Bunder 5°30′46″S 106°31′32″E / 5.512673°S 106.525677°E / -5.512673; 106.525677 Privately owned. [3]
Cina 5°34′12″S 106°33′01″E / 5.570123°S 106.550162°E / -5.570123; 106.550162
Dua Barat 5°25′15″S 106°28′16″E / 5.420917°S 106.471047°E / -5.420917; 106.471047
Gentang Besar 5°37′02″S 106°33′10″E / 5.617113°S 106.552662°E / -5.617113; 106.552662 Privately owned. [3]
Genteng Kecil 5°37′27″S 106°32′43″E / 5.624166°S 106.545150°E / -5.624166; 106.545150 Privately owned. [3]
Hantu Barat / Antuk Barat 5°32′21″S 106°32′08″E / 5.539099°S 106.535418°E / -5.539099; 106.535418 Pantara developed the island privately as a resort.[3][12]
Hantu Timur / Antuk Timur 5°31′56″S 106°32′36″E / 5.532148°S 106.543467°E / -5.532148; 106.543467 Pantara developed the island privately as a resort.[3][12]
Jukung 5°34′11″S 106°31′41″E / 5.569755°S 106.527929°E / -5.569755; 106.527929 Developed for aquaculture.
Kaliageh Besar / Kaliage Besar 5°39′47″S 106°34′04″E / 5.662969°S 106.567728°E / -5.662969; 106.567728 Privately owned. [3]
Kaliageh Kecil / Kaliage Kecil 5°40′04″S 106°34′05″E / 5.667768°S 106.568003°E / -5.667768; 106.568003 Privately owned. [3]
Kapas 5°30′47″S 106°31′11″E / 5.51319°S 106.51966°E / -5.51319; 106.51966
Kayu Angin Bira 5°36′24″S 106°34′02″E / 5.606667°S 106.567222°E / -5.606667; 106.567222
Kayu Angin Penjalir
Kayu Angin
Kayu Angin. BS
Kayu Angin Genteng 5°37′10″S 106°33′41″E / 5.619444°S 106.561389°E / -5.619444; 106.561389
Kayu Angin. M
Kayu Angin Melintang 5°35′01″S 106°33′07″E / 5.583611°S 106.551944°E / -5.583611; 106.551944
Kayu Angin Putri 5°35′24″S 106°33′29″E / 5.590000°S 106.558056°E / -5.590000; 106.558056
Kayu Angin Selatan 5°37′12″S 106°33′41″E / 5.619866°S 106.561395°E / -5.619866; 106.561395
Kelapa 5°39′13″S 106°34′22″E / 5.653585°S 106.572880°E / -5.653585; 106.572880 Capital of the Kelurahan of Pulau Kelapa. The island contains a fishing village. It is the most populous island in the Kepulauan Seribu. The island is located to the east of Pulau Harapan (the capital of the Kelurahan of Pulau Harapan) and is connected by a 200 meter wooden deck. It belongs to the same reef system as Pulau Harapan.[20]
Kelor Barat 5°33′29″S 106°31′31″E / 5.558104°S 106.525410°E / -5.558104; 106.525410
Kelor Timur 5°33′16″S 106°31′54″E / 5.554476°S 106.531612°E / -5.554476; 106.531612
Kuburan Cina 5°37′07″S 106°34′23″E / 5.618534°S 106.572936°E / -5.618534; 106.572936
Lipan 5°31′18″S 106°31′31″E / 5.521667°S 106.525278°E / -5.521667; 106.525278 Privately owned. [3]
Macan Besar/Matahari 5°36′19″S 106°32′38″E / 5.605176°S 106.543822°E / -5.605176; 106.543822 Matahari Impian Indah has privately developed the island as a resort.[3]
Macan Kecil 5°35′56″S 106°32′50″E / 5.598869°S 106.547121°E / -5.598869; 106.547121 "Little Tiger" Island was developed into Tiger Islands Village & Eco Resort in 2008, and is the region's first commercially operated eco resort. It features solar panels, rain water harvesting, driftwood furniture and construction, waste water gardens, an organic garden, and a coral planting conservation program. The island is mainly known as Pulau Macan or Tiger Islands.
Melinjo/Malinjo 5°34′22″S 106°31′20″E / 5.572708°S 106.522328°E / -5.572708; 106.522328 Privately owned. [3]
Melintang Besar 5°34′59″S 106°32′58″E / 5.583107°S 106.549413°E / -5.583107; 106.549413 Privately owned. [3]
Melintang Kecil/Bintang 5°35′18″S 106°32′45″E / 5.588283°S 106.545849°E / -5.588283; 106.545849
Nyamplung 5°30′20″S 106°32′10″E / 5.505552°S 106.536160°E / -5.505552; 106.536160
Pabelokan / Pembelokan 5°28′46″S 106°23′07″E / 5.479466°S 106.385344°E / -5.479466; 106.385344 Pabelokan ("curve") Island is named after its remote location, around 70 km from the North Jakarta shore, which forces visitors to take a series of hairpin turns to reach the island. It is a 11 square-meter island with a shop, dorms, hotel, a water-treatment plant, an electric-power plant, and a jetty for large vessels. Since 1984 the oil firm YPF-Maxushas has used the island as a base.[21]
Panjang Bawah Privately owned. [3]
Panjang Besar 5°38′41″S 106°33′38″E / 5.644668°S 106.560643°E / -5.644668; 106.560643 This is the only island in Kepulauan Seribu that contains a landing strip.
Panjang Kampung
Panjang Kecil 5°38′33″S 106°33′14″E / 5.642371°S 106.554007°E / -5.642371; 106.554007
Perak 5°34′59″S 106°34′07″E / 5.583109°S 106.568549°E / -5.583109; 106.568549
Penjaliran Barat 5°28′08″S 106°32′59″E / 5.468791°S 106.549795°E / -5.468791; 106.549795 A marine reserve. The island contains a protected mangrove forest area.[12]
Peteloran Barat 5°28′09″S 106°32′28″E / 5.469281°S 106.541003°E / -5.469281; 106.541003 A marine reserve. The island contains protected mangrove forests.[12]
Putri Barat 5°35′39″S 106°33′32″E / 5.594287°S 106.558970°E / -5.594287; 106.558970 Buana Bintang Samudera has developed the island as a resort. The resort contains an underwater glass tunnel to observe the marine life. [3][12]
Putri Gundul 5°35′56″S 106°33′05″E / 5.599010°S 106.551386°E / -5.599010; 106.551386
Putri Timur 5°35′34″S 106°34′00″E / 5.592830°S 106.566653°E / -5.592830; 106.566653 Developed as a resort.[3][12]
Rakit Tiang 5°38′58″S 106°33′57″E / 5.649458°S 106.565788°E / -5.649458; 106.565788
Satu, Saktu 5°33′20″S 106°32′41″E / 5.555676°S 106.544836°E / -5.555676; 106.544836 Privately owned. [3]
Tongkeng 5°35′33″S 106°32′36″E / 5.592394°S 106.543424°E / -5.592394; 106.543424 Privately owned. [3]
Yu Barat / Yu Besar 5°32′50″S 106°31′04″E / 5.547336°S 106.517695°E / -5.547336; 106.517695
Yu Timur / Yu Kecil 5°33′02″S 106°31′36″E / 5.550625°S 106.526618°E / -5.550625; 106.526618

Kelurahan Pulau Harapan

Kelurahan Pulau Harapan (postal code 14540) makes up the eastern part of the Kecamatan of Kepulauan Seribu Utara. Officially, the Kelurahan contains 30 islands.

Island Location Remarks Image
Belanda 5°36′23″S 106°36′19″E / 5.606426°S 106.605349°E / -5.606426; 106.605349
Bulat 5°37′48″S 106°34′26″E / 5.629892°S 106.573758°E / -5.629892; 106.573758 Privately owned. [3]
Bira Besar 5°36′43″S 106°34′35″E / 5.611809°S 106.576404°E / -5.611809; 106.576404 The island is privately developed by Pulau Seribu Paradise as a resort island[3][12]
Bira Kecil 5°37′09″S 106°35′03″E / 5.619093°S 106.584241°E / -5.619093; 106.584241
Dua Timur 5°25′12″S 106°29′31″E / 5.420000°S 106.491944°E / -5.420000; 106.491944
Gosong Laga Besar 5°32′20″S 106°34′44″E / 5.538916°S 106.578862°E / -5.538916; 106.578862
Gosong Laga Kecil 5°31′44″S 106°34′32″E / 5.528990°S 106.575501°E / -5.528990; 106.575501
Harapan 5°39′11″S 106°34′41″E / 5.653107°S 106.578194°E / -5.653107; 106.578194 The capital of the Kelurahan of Pulau Harapan. The island is located to the west of Pulau Kelapa, connected by a 200 meter wooden deck. It belongs to the same reef system as Pulau Kelapa.
Jagung 5°28′49″S 106°31′05″E / 5.480406°S 106.518113°E / -5.480406; 106.518113
Kayuangin Utara 5°36′24″S 106°33′58″E / 5.606735°S 106.566063°E / -5.606735; 106.566063 Privately owned. [3]
Opak Besar 5°40′17″S 106°34′56″E / 5.671386°S 106.582188°E / -5.671386; 106.582188 Privately owned. [3]
Pamegaran 5°38′13″S 106°34′53″E / 5.636976°S 106.581494°E / -5.636976; 106.581494 Privately owned. [3]
Penjaliran Timur 5°28′00″S 106°33′00″E / 5.466667°S 106.550000°E / -5.466667; 106.550000 A marine reserve. Contains a protected mangrove forest area.[12]
Peteloran Timur 5°27′28″S 106°33′39″E / 5.457772°S 106.560696°E / -5.457772; 106.560696 A marine reserve.
Rengit/Ringit 5°29′53″S 106°34′25″E / 5.498109°S 106.573580°E / -5.498109; 106.573580
Sabira 5°12′04″S 106°27′36″E / 5.201111°S 106.460000°E / -5.201111; 106.460000 Formerly known as Noord Wachter or "North Guard", this is the northernmost island of the Kepulauan Seribu. It is situated around 126 km from the coast of Jakarta. This 10 hectare island is surrounded by coral reefs. The island is covered in coconut and breadfruit trees. There is a 60 meter lighthouse in the island, built in 1869. On the door of the lighthouse, a plaque is placed with inscription: "Onder de regering van Z.M Willem III Koning der Nederlander enz. opgericht voor draailicht 1869" (Dutch "Under the reign of His Majesty King William III of Netherlands etc., rotating light erected 1869"
Sebaru Besar 5°30′04″S 106°32′54″E / 5.501098°S 106.548243°E / -5.501098; 106.548243
Sebaru Kecil 5°30′44″S 106°32′07″E / 5.512222°S 106.535278°E / -5.512222; 106.535278[16]
Semut Besar 5°34′20″S 106°33′26″E / 5.572239°S 106.557254°E / -5.572239; 106.557254 Privately owned. [3]
Semut Kecil 5°34′02″S 106°33′57″E / 5.567209°S 106.565721°E / -5.567209; 106.565721 Privately owned. [3]
Semut Sekampung
Semut 5°40′10″S 106°33′36″E / 5.669535°S 106.559949°E / -5.669535; 106.559949
Sepak Barat / Sepa Besar 5°34′41″S 106°34′57″E / 5.578096°S 106.582518°E / -5.578096; 106.582518 Sepa Permai has developed the island as a resort.[3]
Sepak Timur / Sepa Timur 5°34′20″S 106°35′12″E / 5.572259°S 106.586764°E / -5.572259; 106.586764
Tondan Barat / Tondan Besar / Pelangi 5°35′10″S 106°35′26″E / 5.586041°S 106.590585°E / -5.586041; 106.590585 Pulau Seribu Paradise has developed the island as a resort.[3]
Tondan Timur / Tondan Kecil / Papatheo 5°34′46″S 106°35′41″E / 5.579499°S 106.594805°E / -5.579499; 106.594805

References

  1. ^ SK Gubernur KDKI No. 1986/2000
  2. ^ (SK Gubernur KDKI No. 1814/198
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj PARIWISATA KEPULAUAN SERIBU: Potensi Pengembangan dan Permasalahannya
  4. ^ a b c d e http://bentengindonesia.org/sejarah.php?id=194
  5. ^ Photo
  6. ^ Tineke Hellwig, Eric Tagliacozzo, ed. (2009). The Indonesia Reader. Duke University Press. p. 322. ISBN 978-0822344247.
  7. ^ Antoine Hol, John Vervaele, ed. (2005). Security and Civil Liberties: The Case of Terrorism. Intersentia. p. 81. ISBN 978-9050955089.
  8. ^ http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/06/28/sri-andajani-thousand-islands-conservation-or-submersion.html
  9. ^ a b c d e f Kepulauan Seribu National Park - Departemen Kehutanan
  10. ^ Tomascik, Tomas; Janice Mah, Anmarie; Nontji, Anugerah; Kasim Moosa, Mohammad (1997). The Ecology of the Indonesian Seas - Part Two. Singapore: Eric Oey. ISBN 962-593-163-5. Retrieved February 5, 2012.
  11. ^ http://kodepos.posindonesia.co.id Kode Pos Indonesia
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Arifin, Zainal (2004). LOCAL MILLENIUM ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT: CONDITION AND TREND OF THE GREATER JAKARTA BAY ECOSYSTEM (PDF). Jakarta: The Ministry of Environment, Republic of Indonesia. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  13. ^ a b c d e f "Kepulauan Seribu". Dinas Pariwisata dan Budaya. Retrieved February 29, 2012.
  14. ^ Suaka Margasatwa Pulau Bokor
  15. ^ Iyus/hadi (28 March, 2007). "Obyek Wisata : Mengenal Suaka Margasatwa Pulau Rambut" (in Indonesian). Pulau Seribu.net. Retrieved February 10, 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  16. ^ a b c d http://indopedia.gunadarma.ac.id/content/77/318/id/pulau-sebaru-kecil.html Coordinates of Indonesian islands
  17. ^ http://morincirebon.blogspot.com/2010/07/pulau-payung-kecil-kepulauan-seribu.html Pulau Payung Kecil - Kepulauan Seribu
  18. ^ [1]
  19. ^ a b c d pulauseribu.net (May 16, 2010). "Pulau Panggang Saksi Bisu Sejarah Pemerintahan" (in Indonesian). Retrieved April 9, 2012.
  20. ^ Keadaan Umum Wilayah Kepulauan Seribu (PDF). Retrieved February 16, 2002. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  21. ^ Jun (09/01/1999). "Oil Firm Based on Pabelokan Island". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved February 9, 2012. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

Note

  1. ^ It was the pilgrim flow to Mecca that caused the Netherlands Trading Society to establish a bank branch in Jeddah in 1926. Until 1948 this was the only bank of any kind in what is now Saudi Arabia. This bank branch became what is now Saudi Hollandi Bank.

External links

Template:Administrative divisions of the Thousand Islands

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