Aref al-Aref: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Aref al-Aref as governor of Beersheba.jpg|thumb|300px|Aref al-Aref (seated, center), when he was governor of [[Beersheba]]]] |
[[File:Aref al-Aref as governor of Beersheba.jpg|thumb|300px|Aref al-Aref (seated, center), when he was governor of [[Beersheba]]]] |
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'''Aref al-Aref''' (1891–1973; {{lang-ar|عارف العارف}}) was a [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] journalist, historian and politician. Aref al-Aref served as mayor of [[East Jerusalem]] in the 1950s. |
'''Aref al-Aref''' (1891–1973; {{lang-ar|عارف العارف}}) was a [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] journalist, historian and politician. Aref al-Aref served as mayor of [[East Jerusalem]] in the 1950s, during the [[Jordanian occupation of the West Bank]]. |
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==Biography== |
==Biography== |
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Aref al-Aref edited the first [[Arab nationalist]] newspaper in Palestine after World War I, [[Southern Syria (newspaper)|Southern Syria]] ''Suriyya al-Janubiyya'', published in Jerusalem from 1919. Aref al-Aref advocated a policy of militant but non-violent opposition to [[Zionism]]<ref name="jewishvirtuallibrary.org">[http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/personalities/alpha_a.htm Passia<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> and a mixture of [[Pan-Arabist]] and Arab nationalist politics. {{Citation needed|date=April 2008}} |
Aref al-Aref edited the first [[Arab nationalist]] newspaper in Palestine after World War I, [[Southern Syria (newspaper)|Southern Syria]] ''Suriyya al-Janubiyya'', published in Jerusalem from 1919. Aref al-Aref advocated a policy of militant but non-violent opposition to [[Zionism]]<ref name="jewishvirtuallibrary.org">[http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/personalities/alpha_a.htm Passia<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> and a mixture of [[Pan-Arabist]] and Arab nationalist politics. {{Citation needed|date=April 2008}} |
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Aref al-Aref died on July 30, 1973 in [[Ramallah]]. |
Aref al-Aref died on July 30, 1973 in [[Ramallah]]. |
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==Political |
==Political activism== |
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[[File:El-aref's-3 BeerSheva.jpg|thumb|150px|Home of Aref al-Aref, Beersheba]] |
[[File:El-aref's-3 BeerSheva.jpg|thumb|150px|Home of Aref al-Aref, Beersheba]] |
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In 1918, as the Arab National Movement gained strength in Jerusalem, [[Jaffa]], [[Haifa]], [[Acre]] and [[Nablus]], Aref Al-Aref joined Haj [[Amin Al-Husseini]], his brother Fakhri Al Husseini, Ishaaq Darweesh, Ibrahim Daeweesh, [[Jameel Al-Husseini]], [[Kamel Al Budeiri]], and Sheikh Hassan Abu Al-So’oud in establishing the Arab Club. |
In 1918, as the Arab National Movement gained strength in Jerusalem, [[Jaffa]], [[Haifa]], [[Acre]] and [[Nablus]], Aref Al-Aref joined Haj [[Amin Al-Husseini]], his brother Fakhri Al Husseini, Ishaaq Darweesh, Ibrahim Daeweesh, [[Jameel Al-Husseini]], [[Kamel Al Budeiri]], and Sheikh Hassan Abu Al-So’oud in establishing the Arab Club. |
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During the [[1920 Palestine riots]], Aref al-Aref was arrested for incitement by [[British Mandate]] authorities. A speech he delivered on horseback led to anti-British and [[anti-Semitic]] chants describing the Jews as dogs. <ref>{{citation|last=Segev|first=Tom|authorlink=Tom Segev |title=One Palestine, Complete: Jews and Arabs Under the British Mandate |year=2001|publisher=Owl Books |isbn=0-8050-6587-3}}.</ref> Arab police joined in applause, and violence |
During the [[1920 Palestine riots]], Aref al-Aref was arrested for incitement by [[British Mandate]] authorities. A speech he delivered on horseback led to anti-British and [[anti-Semitic]] chants describing the Jews as dogs. <ref>{{citation|last=Segev|first=Tom|authorlink=Tom Segev |title=One Palestine, Complete: Jews and Arabs Under the British Mandate |year=2001|publisher=Owl Books |isbn=0-8050-6587-3}}.</ref> Arab police joined in applause, and violence erupted in which five Jews were killed and 221 wounded in the Old City of Jerusalem.<ref>{{citation|authorlink=Howard Sachar|last=Sachar|first= Howard M.|year=2006|title=A History of Israel: From the Rise of Zionism to Our Time|edition= 2nd|place=New York|publisher=Alfred A. Knopf|isbn=0-679-76563-8}}</ref>Al-Aref escaped with fellow-accused Haj Amin al-Husseini to Syria. He was sentenced to ten years in prison in absentia on charges of fomenting the riots.<ref name="jewishvirtuallibrary.org"/> His newspaper, Suriyya al-Janubbiyya, was closed down by the British. |
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==Political career== |
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He escaped with fellow-accused Haj Amin al-Husseini to Syria. He was sentenced to ten years in prison in absentia on charges of formenting the riots.<ref name="jewishvirtuallibrary.org"/> Suriyya al-Janubbiyya was closed down by the British in 1920. Al-Aref returned to Palestine in 1929. |
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| ⚫ | Al-Aref returned to Palestine in 1929. In 1936, he was appointed District Administrative Officer in [[Beersheba]], where he built his family home. He worked as a civil servant under the British Mandate]] from 1933 to 1948. From 1950-1955, Aref al-Aref served as mayor of East Jerusalem.<ref name="jewishvirtuallibrary.org"/> In 1963, he was appointed director of the [[Rockefeller Museum]] in Jerusalem.<ref>[http://www.thisweekinpalestine.com/details.php?id=3410&ed=194 Personality of the Month]</ref> |
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| ⚫ | In 1936, he was |
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==Published works== |
==Published works== |
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Revision as of 08:20, 11 December 2011
Aref al-Aref (1891–1973; Arabic: عارف العارف) was a Palestinian journalist, historian and politician. Aref al-Aref served as mayor of East Jerusalem in the 1950s, during the Jordanian occupation of the West Bank.
Biography
Aref al-Aref was born in Jerusalem in 1891. His father was a vegetable vendor. Excelling at his studies in primary school, he was sent to high school in Turkey. He attended the Marjan Preparatory School and Mulkiyya College in Istanbul. During his college studies, he wrote for a Turkish newspaper. Later, he worked as a translator for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.[1] He served as an officer in the Ottoman Army in World War I. He was captured on the Caucasus front and spent three years in a prisoner of war camp in Krasnoyarsk, Siberia. After the Russian Revolution he escaped and returned to Palestine. In Krasnoyarsk, he put out a prison camp newspaper in Arabic called Nakatullah [Camel of God] and translated Ernst Haeckel’s Die Weltraethsel into Turkish. [citation needed]
Aref al-Aref edited the first Arab nationalist newspaper in Palestine after World War I, Southern Syria Suriyya al-Janubiyya, published in Jerusalem from 1919. Aref al-Aref advocated a policy of militant but non-violent opposition to Zionism[2] and a mixture of Pan-Arabist and Arab nationalist politics. [citation needed]
Aref al-Aref died on July 30, 1973 in Ramallah.
Political activism
In 1918, as the Arab National Movement gained strength in Jerusalem, Jaffa, Haifa, Acre and Nablus, Aref Al-Aref joined Haj Amin Al-Husseini, his brother Fakhri Al Husseini, Ishaaq Darweesh, Ibrahim Daeweesh, Jameel Al-Husseini, Kamel Al Budeiri, and Sheikh Hassan Abu Al-So’oud in establishing the Arab Club.
During the 1920 Palestine riots, Aref al-Aref was arrested for incitement by British Mandate authorities. A speech he delivered on horseback led to anti-British and anti-Semitic chants describing the Jews as dogs. [3] Arab police joined in applause, and violence erupted in which five Jews were killed and 221 wounded in the Old City of Jerusalem.[4]Al-Aref escaped with fellow-accused Haj Amin al-Husseini to Syria. He was sentenced to ten years in prison in absentia on charges of fomenting the riots.[2] His newspaper, Suriyya al-Janubbiyya, was closed down by the British.
Political career
Al-Aref returned to Palestine in 1929. In 1936, he was appointed District Administrative Officer in Beersheba, where he built his family home. He worked as a civil servant under the British Mandate]] from 1933 to 1948. From 1950-1955, Aref al-Aref served as mayor of East Jerusalem.[2] In 1963, he was appointed director of the Rockefeller Museum in Jerusalem.[5]
Published works
- Bedouin Love, Law and Legend: History of Beersheba and Its Tribes
- History of Gaza
- History of Jerusalem
- al-Nakba: Nakbat Bayt al-Maqdis wal-firdaws al-mafqud (The catastrophe: The catastrophe of Jerusalem and the lost paradise)
References
- ^ Personality of the Month
- ^ a b c Passia
- ^ Segev, Tom (2001), One Palestine, Complete: Jews and Arabs Under the British Mandate, Owl Books, ISBN 0-8050-6587-3.
- ^ Sachar, Howard M. (2006), A History of Israel: From the Rise of Zionism to Our Time (2nd ed.), New York: Alfred A. Knopf, ISBN 0-679-76563-8
- ^ Personality of the Month