Comparative history: Difference between revisions
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The field of comparative history often overlaps with the subdivision of [[political science]] known as [[comparative politics]].<ref>Doyle (1986) |
The field of comparative history often overlaps with the subdivision of [[political science]] known as [[comparative politics]].<ref>Doyle (1986) |
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</ref><ref>Meritt and Rokkan, (1986)</ref> It includes "transnational" history <ref>McGerr, (1991)</ref> and sometimes also with international history.<ref>Iriye, (1989)</ref> |
</ref><ref>Meritt and Rokkan, (1986)</ref> It includes "transnational" history <ref>McGerr, (1991)</ref> and sometimes also with international history.<ref>Iriye, (1989)</ref> |
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==Quantitative methods== |
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Since the work of Sorokin<ref>Pitirim A. Sorokin, ''Social and Cultural Dynamics'' (4 vol 1932 </ref>, scholars in comparative history, especially if sociologists and political scientists, have often used quantitative and statistical data that enables them to compare multiple societies on multiple dimensions <ref>Richard L. Merritt, and Stein Rokkan, eds. ''Comparing Nations: The Use of Quantitative Data in Cross-National Research'' (Yale UP, 1966) </ref><ref>See Bruce Russett, Harvey Starr, and David Kinsella, ''World Politics: The Menu for Choice'' (2010) p. 432 </ref>. |
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==Bibliography== |
==Bibliography== |
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Revision as of 12:54, 8 November 2010
Comparative history is the comparison between different societies at a given time or sharing similar cultural conditions. The comparative history of the comparative history of societies emerged as an important specialty among intellectuals in the Enlightenment in the 18th century, as typified by Montesquieu, Voltaire, Adam Smith, and others. Sociologists and economists in the 19th century often explored comparative history, as exemplified by Alexis de Tocqueville, Karl Marx, and Max Weber. In the first half of the 20th century, a large reading public followed the comparative histories of Oswald Spengler[1], Pitirim Sorokin, and Arnold J. Toynbee. Since the 1950s, however, comparative history has faded him from the public view, and is the remains the domain of a specialized scholars working independently.[2] Recent exemplars of this approach include American historians Barrington Moore and Herbert E. Bolton; British historians Arnold Toynbee[3] and Geoffrey Barraclough; and German historian Oswald Spengler. Several sociologists have tried their hand, including Max Weber, Pitirim Sorokin[4], S. N. Eisenstadt[5], Seymour Martin Lipset, Charles Tilly[6], and Michael Mann[7].
Historians generally accept the comparison of particular institutions (banking, women's rights, ethnic identities) in different societies, but since the hostile reaction to Toynbee in the 1950s, generally do not pay much attention to sweeping comparative studies that cover wide swaths of the world over many centuries.[8]
Atlantic history
The relatively new field of Atlantic history has stimulated numerous studies of comparative history especially regarding ideas[9], colonialism[10], slavery, economic history, and political revolutions in the 18th century in North and South America, Europe and Africa.[11]
Comparative politics
The field of comparative history often overlaps with the subdivision of political science known as comparative politics.[12][13] It includes "transnational" history [14] and sometimes also with international history.[15]
Quantitative methods
Since the work of Sorokin[16], scholars in comparative history, especially if sociologists and political scientists, have often used quantitative and statistical data that enables them to compare multiple societies on multiple dimensions [17][18].
Bibliography
- Barraclough; Geoffrey. Main Trends in History, ; Holmes & Meier, 1979 online version
- Cohen, Deborah and Maura O'Connor; Comparison and History: Europe in Cross-National Perspective. Routledge, 2004 online edition
- Cooper, Frederick. "Race, Ideology, and the Perils of Comparative History." American Historical Review, 101:4 (October 1996), 1122–1138. in JSTOR
- Doyle, Michael W. Empires. Cornell University Press. 1986. online edition
- Eisenstadt, S.N. The Political Systems of Empires (1968),
- Frederickson, George M. "From Exceptionalism to Variability: Recent Developments in Cross-National Comparative History." Journal of American History 82:2 (September 1995), 587-604. in JSTOR
- Halperin, Charles J. et al. " AHR Forum: Comparative History in Theory and Practice: A Discussion." American Historical Review, 87:1 (February 1982), 123-143. in JSTOR
- Hill, Alette Olin and Boyd H. Hill. "AHR Forum: Marc Bloch and Comparative History." The American Historical Review 85:4 (October 1980), 828-846. in JSTOR
- Hroch, Miroslav. Comparative Studies in Modern European History Ashgate Variorum 2007
- Iriye, Akire. "The Internationalization of History," American Historical Review Vol. 94, No. 1 (Feb., 1989), pp. 1-10 in JSTOR
- Klooster, Kim. Revolutions in the Atlantic World: A Comparative History (2009)
- Mazlish, Bruce. Conceptualizing Global History. Westview Press, 1993.
- McGerr, Michael. "The Price of the 'New Transnational History.'" American Historical Review 96:4 (October 1991), 1056–1067. in JSTOR
- Magnaghi; Russell M. Herbert E. Bolton and the Historiography of the Americas Greenwood Press, 1998 online edition
- Mann, Michael. The sources of social power 1993
- Meritt, Richard L. and Stein Rokkan, editors. Comparing Nations: The Use of Quantitative Data in Cross-National Research. Yale University Press, 1966.
- Palmer, Robert R. Age of the Democratic Revolution: A Political History of Europe and America, 1760-1800 (2 vol 1966)
- Rusen, Jorn. "Some Theoretical Approaches to Intercultural Comparative Historiography." History and Theory 35:4 (December 1996), 5–22.
- Smith, S.A. Revolution and the People in Russia and China: A Comparative History (2009)
- Sorokin; Pitirim A. Social Philosophies of an Age of Crisis. 1950 online edition
- Sorokin; Pitirim A. Social and Cultural Dynamics (4 vol 1932; one-vol. edn., 1959).
- Spengler; Oswald. The decline of the West 2 vol (1918)
- Stoler, Ann L. "Tense and Tender Ties: The Politics of Comparison in North American History and (Post) Colonial Studies." Journal of American History (Dec 2001), 831-864. in JSTOR
- Tilly, Charles. Big Structures, Large Processes, Huge Comparisons. Russell Sage Foundation, 1984.
- Tipps, Dean. "Modernization Theory and the Comparative Study of Societies: A Critical Perspective." Comparative Studies in Society and History 15:2 (1973), 199-226.
- Toynbee, Arnold J. A Study Of History 12 vol (1934-61); (2 vol abridgment 1957) online abridged version v. 1-6
- Peter Turchin. History & Mathematics: Historical Dynamics and Development of Complex Societies. Moscow: KomKniga, 2006. ISBN 5484010020
- Voegelin, Eric. Order and History, 5 vol (1956-75)
- Woodward, C. Vann, ed. The Comparative Approach to American History (1968)
- Guarneri, Carl, "Reconsidering C. Vann Woodward's The Comparative Approach to American History," Reviews in American History, Volume 23, Number 3, September 1995, pp. 552-563 DOI: 10.1353/rah.1995.0076
notes
- ^ Spengler (1918)
- ^ Barraclough (1979), chapter 1.
- ^ Toynbee (1934-61)
- ^ Sorokin (1950); Sorokin (1959)
- ^ Eisenstadt, (1968)
- ^ Tilly, (1984
- ^ Mann (1993)
- ^ William H. McNeill, Arnold J. Toynbee: A Life (1989) ch 1
- ^ Robert Palmer, Age of Democratic Revolution (2 vol 1966)
- ^ Stoler (2001)
- ^ Wim Klooster, Revolutions in the Atlantic World: A Comparative History (2009)
- ^ Doyle (1986)
- ^ Meritt and Rokkan, (1986)
- ^ McGerr, (1991)
- ^ Iriye, (1989)
- ^ Pitirim A. Sorokin, Social and Cultural Dynamics (4 vol 1932
- ^ Richard L. Merritt, and Stein Rokkan, eds. Comparing Nations: The Use of Quantitative Data in Cross-National Research (Yale UP, 1966)
- ^ See Bruce Russett, Harvey Starr, and David Kinsella, World Politics: The Menu for Choice (2010) p. 432
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