Augusta Victoria Hospital: Difference between revisions
/* Rationalization * add ref |
add info & ref |
||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
After the Kaiser's visit, he commissioned the construction of a guesthouse for German pilgrims. Many of the building materials were imported from Germany. A 50-meter high church tower was constructed with four bells, the largest of them weighing six tons. To transport these bells from Jaffa, the road to Jerusalem had to be widened and paved. The expense was more than double the cost of transporting the bells from Hamburg to Jaffa. Augusta Victoria was the first building in the country to have electricity (provided by a diesel generator).<ref name="lwfjerusalem.org"/> |
After the Kaiser's visit, he commissioned the construction of a guesthouse for German pilgrims. Many of the building materials were imported from Germany. A 50-meter high church tower was constructed with four bells, the largest of them weighing six tons. To transport these bells from Jaffa, the road to Jerusalem had to be widened and paved. The expense was more than double the cost of transporting the bells from Hamburg to Jaffa. Augusta Victoria was the first building in the country to have electricity (provided by a diesel generator).<ref name="lwfjerusalem.org"/> |
||
From 1920 to 1927, Augusta Victoria was the official residence of the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[High Commissioner]] of the [[British Mandate of Palestine|Palestine Mandate]] before British headquarters moved to [[Armon Hanatziv]], on the outskirts of [[Talpiot]]. Under [[Jordan]]ian administration, technically under [[United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation|UN]] control, it was a military hospital for soldiers from the [[Arab Legion]].<ref>Commander E H Hutchison USNR “Violent Truce: A Military Observer Looks at the Arab-Israeli Conflict 1951-1955” Chapter III The Barrel Incident p 20-30</ref> In 1927, a severe earthquake caused extensive damage to the premises.<ref>http://www.jcjcr.org/index_item_view.php?iid=56</ref> |
The Augusta Victoria compound served as the headquarters of General Allenby’s Egyptian Expeditionary Force in World War I and the headquarters of the British Military Administration of Occupied Enemy Territory (South). <ref>[http://www.jcjcr.org/index_item_view.php?iid=56 Jewish Center for Jewish-Christian Relations]</ref>From 1920 to 1927, Augusta Victoria was the official residence of the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[High Commissioner]] of the [[British Mandate of Palestine|Palestine Mandate]] before British headquarters moved to [[Armon Hanatziv]], on the outskirts of [[Talpiot]]. In 1927, the buildings were severely damaged in an earthquake.<ref>[http://www.jcjcr.org/index_item_view.php?iid=56 Jewish Center for Jewish-Christian Relations]</ref> Under [[Jordan]]ian administration, technically under [[United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation|UN]] control, it was a military hospital for soldiers from the [[Arab Legion]].<ref>Commander E H Hutchison USNR “Violent Truce: A Military Observer Looks at the Arab-Israeli Conflict 1951-1955” Chapter III The Barrel Incident p 20-30</ref> In 1927, a severe earthquake caused extensive damage to the premises.<ref>http://www.jcjcr.org/index_item_view.php?iid=56</ref> |
||
The [[Nazi]] party held meetings and assemblies at Augusta Victoria under the leadership of Ludwig Buchhalter, a Templer living in the [[German Colony, Jerusalem|Germany Colony]] who was appointed head of Jerusalem branch of the Nazi party in 1934.<ref>[http://www.jpost.com/Home/Article.aspx?id=94859 Templer Town, [[Jerusalem Post]]]</ref> In the mid-1930s, when the building was about to reopen as a hostel run by [[Deaconesses]], the management decided to bar Jewish guests to preserve the institution's Christian character.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} |
The [[Nazi]] party held meetings and assemblies at Augusta Victoria under the leadership of Ludwig Buchhalter, a Templer living in the [[German Colony, Jerusalem|Germany Colony]] who was appointed head of Jerusalem branch of the Nazi party in 1934.<ref>[http://www.jpost.com/Home/Article.aspx?id=94859 Templer Town, [[Jerusalem Post]]]</ref> In the mid-1930s, when the building was about to reopen as a hostel run by [[Deaconesses]], the management decided to bar Jewish guests to preserve the institution's Christian character.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} |
||
Revision as of 11:25, 28 September 2010
Augusta Victoria is a church-hospital complex located on Mount Scopus, Jerusalem. Augusta Victoria was built in 1907 as a center for the German Protestant community in Ottoman Palestine. The complex, completed in 1910, included the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Ascension with a 65-meter belltower and a hospice for Christian pilgrims. During World War II, it was converted into a hospital by the British.[1]
History
The complex was named for Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein, wife of German Kaiser Wilhelm II, who visited Jerusalem in 1898. The architect, Robert Leibnitz, was inspired by German palaces, such as the German Hohenzollern.[2]
After the Kaiser's visit, he commissioned the construction of a guesthouse for German pilgrims. Many of the building materials were imported from Germany. A 50-meter high church tower was constructed with four bells, the largest of them weighing six tons. To transport these bells from Jaffa, the road to Jerusalem had to be widened and paved. The expense was more than double the cost of transporting the bells from Hamburg to Jaffa. Augusta Victoria was the first building in the country to have electricity (provided by a diesel generator).[1]
The Augusta Victoria compound served as the headquarters of General Allenby’s Egyptian Expeditionary Force in World War I and the headquarters of the British Military Administration of Occupied Enemy Territory (South). [3]From 1920 to 1927, Augusta Victoria was the official residence of the British High Commissioner of the Palestine Mandate before British headquarters moved to Armon Hanatziv, on the outskirts of Talpiot. In 1927, the buildings were severely damaged in an earthquake.[4] Under Jordanian administration, technically under UN control, it was a military hospital for soldiers from the Arab Legion.[5] In 1927, a severe earthquake caused extensive damage to the premises.[6]
The Nazi party held meetings and assemblies at Augusta Victoria under the leadership of Ludwig Buchhalter, a Templer living in the Germany Colony who was appointed head of Jerusalem branch of the Nazi party in 1934.[7] In the mid-1930s, when the building was about to reopen as a hostel run by Deaconesses, the management decided to bar Jewish guests to preserve the institution's Christian character.[citation needed]
During the Six-Day War of 1967, the campus was under the control of the Jordanian military and was fortified with several bunkers.
Today
Augusta Victoria now functions as a 161-bed hospital surrounded by olive trees. The rectory of the pastor of the Redeemer Church is also located on the campus, along with administrative offices and living quarters of the Lutheran World Federation - Jerusalem offices. It is primarily financed by the Lutheran World Federation and the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East.[8]
Augusta Victoria is now the second-largest hospital in East Jerusalem, as well as being the sole remaining specialized-care hospital located in the West Bank or Gaza.[8] It also operates a guesthouse run by the Lutheran World Federation for international volunteers and guests.[9] A pediatric oncology ward for Palestinian children opened in April 2005 in a joint project with the Peres Center for Peace, various Italian foundations and the Hadassah University Hospital in West Jerusalem, which trained the oncologist and nursing staff.[8]
References
- ^ a b LWF Jerusalem History
- ^ "Jerusalem Architecture - Periods and Styles, European Christian Buildings Outside the Old City Walls, 1855-1918," David Kroyanker, Keter, 1987 (Hebrew)
- ^ Jewish Center for Jewish-Christian Relations
- ^ Jewish Center for Jewish-Christian Relations
- ^ Commander E H Hutchison USNR “Violent Truce: A Military Observer Looks at the Arab-Israeli Conflict 1951-1955” Chapter III The Barrel Incident p 20-30
- ^ http://www.jcjcr.org/index_item_view.php?iid=56
- ^ Templer Town, Jerusalem Post
- ^ a b c http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/03/31/news/journal.php?page=1/A Jerusalem hospital embodies spirit of cooperation
- ^ Segev, Tom (1999). One Palestine, Complete. Metropolitan Books. ISBN 0805048480.
31°47′12″N 35°14′57″E / 31.78667°N 35.24917°E
