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The following is a list of notable people who were beheaded, arranged by country or region. Special sections on "Religious figures" and "Fictional characters" are also appended.

These individuals may have lost their heads either accidentally or intentionally (as a form of execution or posthumously). Dates of beheading are brcketed behind the name.

Salome and the Beheading of St. John the Baptist, by Titian

Canada

Tim McLean

China

Wen Tianxiang, scholar and general
Guan Yu, general
Guan Ping
Tan Sitong, revolutionist

England

Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria (1076) - Executed at Winchester by order of William I for taking part in the Revolt of the Earls

Sir William Wallace (1305) - famous Scottish resistance fighter, hanged, drawn and quartered by order of Edward I

Piers Gaveston (1312) - Executed near Warwick by Thomas Plantagenet, 2nd Earl of Lancaster in the Baron's Revolt

Thomas Plantagenet, 2nd Earl of Lancaster - Lord High Steward - (1322) - Executed at Pontefract by Edward II of England

Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel (1326) - Executed at Hereford by Queen Isabella, Regent for Edward III

Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent - Lord Wardens of the Cinque Ports - (1330) - Executed at Winchester by Queen Isabella, Regent for Edward III

Sir Robert Hales - Lord High Treasurer - (1381) - Executed at Tower Hill by rebels during the Peasants' Revolt

Simon of Sudbury - Lord Chancellor, Archbishop of Canterbury and Bishop of London - (1381) - Executed at Tower Hill by rebels during the Peasants' Revolt

Sir John Cavendish - Chief Justice of the King's Bench
Chancellor of the University of Cambridge - (1381) - Executed in Bury St Edmunds by rebels during the Peasants' Revolt

Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel, KG (1397) - Executed at Tower Hill by Richard II of England

William le Scrope, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, Sir John Bussy and Sir Henry Green - (1399) Executed in Bristol castle by the Duke of Hereford (soon to be Henry IV of England)

Ralph de Lumley, 1st Baron Lumley (1400) - Executed by Henry IV for the Epiphany Rising

Thomas le Despenser, 4th Baron le Despencer (1400) - Executed by Henry IV for the Epiphany Rising

John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter, KG - Lord Great Chamberlain and Justice of Chester (1400) - Executed by Joan Fitzalan, Countess of Hereford, with the approval of her son-in-law Henry IV, for the Epiphany Rising

John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, KG (1400) - Executed by Henry IV for the Epiphany Rising

Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey, KG - Earl Marshal (1400) - Executed by Henry IV for the Epiphany Rising

Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester (1403) - Executed by Henry IV {Hung,drawn and quartered)

Sir Richard Vernon (1403) - Executed by Henry IV {Hung,drawn and quartered)

Sir Richard Venables (1403) - Executed by Henry IV {Hung,drawn and quartered)

Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk - Earl Marshal - (1405) - Executed by Henry IV

Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge (1415) - Executed by Henry V of England for his involvement in the Southampton Plot

Henry Scrope, 3rd Baron Scrope of Masham, KG (1415) - Executed by Henry V of England for his involvement in the Southampton Plot

William Douglas, 6th Earl of Douglas (1440) - Executed by Sir William Crichton, Sir Alexander Livingston of Callendar, and James Douglas, Earl of Avondale

David Douglas (1440) - Executed by Sir William Crichton, Sir Alexander Livingston of Callendar, and James Douglas, Earl of Avondale

James Touchet, 5th Baron Audley (1459) - Executed after Battle of Blore Heath for being a Lancastrian.

Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, KG, PC - Lord Chancellor - (1460) - Executed after the Battle of Wakefield for being a Yorkist

Edmund, Earl of Rutland (1460) - Executed by Lord Clifford for being a Yorkist (stabbed to death during the Battle of Wakefield and later decapitated)

Thomas Courtenay, 14th Earl of Devon (1461) - Executed after the Battle of Towton for being a Lancastrian.

Sir Owen Tudor (1461) - Executed after the Battle of Towton for being a Lancastrian.

James Butler, 5th Earl of Ormond - 1st Earl of Wiltshire (1461) - Executed after the Battle of Towton for being a Lancastrian.

Sir Thomas Kyriell (1461) - Executed by Margaret of Anjou after the Second Battle of St Albans for being a Yorkist.

William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville (1461) - Executed by Margaret of Anjou after the Second Battle of St Albans for being a Yorkist.

John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford (1462) - Executed by John Tiptoft, 1st Earl of Worcester

Lord Aubrey de Vere (1462) - Son of John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford (1462)- Executed by John Tiptoft, 1st Earl of Worcester

Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset (1464) - Executed after Battle of Hexham for being a Lancastrian

Thomas de Ros, 10th Baron de Ros (1464) - Executed after Battle of Hexham for being a Lancastrian

Sir Philip Wentworth (1464) - Executed after Battle of Hexham for being a Lancastrian

Sir William Tailboys (1464) - Executed after Battle of Hexham for being a Lancastrian.

Sir Humphrey Neville (1469) - Executed at York by Edward IV for being a Lancastrian.

Sir Charles Neville (1469) - Brother of above - Executed at York by Edward IV for being a Lancastrian

Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers - Lord High Treasurer and Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports - (1469) - Executed by the Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick for being a Yorkist.

Sir John Woodville (1469) - Son of above - Executed by the Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick for being a Yorkist.

Sir Henry Courtenay (1469) - Executed for treason at Salisbury for being a Lancastrian, Brother of Sir Hugh Courtenay and the 14th and 15th Earls of Devon who were all executed for being Lancastrians.

William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1468 creation) (1469) - Executed after Battle of Edgecote Moor for being a Yorkist.

Sir Richard Herbert (1469) - Executed after Battle of Edgecote Moor for being a Yorkist, also illegitimate son of the above.

Humphrey Stafford, 1st Earl of Devon (1469) - Captured and executed in Bridgewater for being a Yorkist.

Richard Welles, 7th Baron Welles (1470) - Executed on battlefield of Losecote by Edward IV for being a Lancastrian

Sir Thomas Dymoke (1470) - Executed on battlefield of Losecote by Edward IV for being a Lancastrian.

Robert Welles, 8th Baron Willoughby de Eresby (1470) - Son of Richard Welles. Executed after Battle of Losecoat by Edward IV for being a Lancastrian.

John Tiptoft, 1st Earl of Worcester - Lord High Treasurer - (1470) - Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VI for being a Yorkist

Sir Thomas Neville (1471) - Executed by Edward IV for being a Lancastrian

Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset (1471) - Executed after the Battle of Tewkesbury for being a Lancastrian

John Courtenay, 15th Earl of Devon (1471) - Executed after the Battle of Tewkesbury for being a Lancastrian.

Sir Hugh Courtenay - Executed after the Battle of Tewkesbury for being a Lancastrian.

Sir Thomas Tresham - MP for Buckinghamshire, Huntingdonshire and Northamptonshire
High Sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire
High Sheriff of Sussex
High Sheriff of Surrey
Comptroller of the Household
Speaker of the House of Commons - (1471) - Executed after the Battle of Tewkesbury for being a Lancastrian

Sir Thomas Vaughan (1483) - Executed by Richard III even though he was a Yorkist.

William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings (1483) - Executed by Richard III for being a Lancastrian.

Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham - Lord High Constable - (1483) - Executed by Richard III for being to close the crown and also for being a Lancastrian.

Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers - Chief Butler of England - (1483) - Executed by Richard III for being a Lancastrian and uncle of the below.

Sir Richard Grey (1483) - Executed by Richard III for being a Lancastrian and nephew of the above.

Sir William Stanley (1495) - Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VII of England for supporting the pretender Perkin Warbeck.

James Tuchet, 7th Baron Audley (1497) - Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VII of England

Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick - Heir to the English Throne from 9 April 1484 – March 1485 - (1499) - Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VII of England

Sir James Tyrrell (1502) - Executed by Henry VII of England

Sir Edmund Dudley - Speaker of the House of Commons - (1510) - Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VIII of England

Sir Richard Empson - Speaker of the House of Commons, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster - (1510) - Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VIII of England

Edmund de la Pole, 3rd Duke of Suffolk (1513) - Executed by Henry VIII of England

Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, KG - Lord High Steward and Lord High Constable - (1521) - Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VIII of England

Saint John Fisher - Catholic Bishop of Rochester - (1535)- Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VIII of England for High Treason

Saint Sir Thomas More - Lord Chancellor, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Speaker of the House of Commons - (1535) - Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VIII of England

George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford (1536) - Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VIII of England for High Treason

Anne Boleyn - Queen of England and Henry's Wife - (1536) - Executed at the Tower of London by Henry VIII of England for High Treason

Sir Henry Norris - Groom of the Stool - (1536) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for High Treason

Sir William Brereton, KB - Groom of the Privy Chamber - (1536) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for High Treason

Sir Francis Weston - Gentleman of the Privy Chamber - (1536) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for High Treason

Mark Smeaton (1536) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for High Treason

Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy de Darcy, KG (1537) - Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VIII of England for being in the Pilgrimage of Grace

John Hussey, 1st Baron Hussey of Sleaford - Chief Butler of England - (1537) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for being in the Pilgrimage of Grace

Sir John Bigod (1537) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for being in the Pilgrimage of Grace

Sir Thomas Percy (1537) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for being in the Pilgrimage of Grace

Sir Henry Percy (1537) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for being in the Pilgrimage of Grace

Sir John Bulmer (1537) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for being in the Pilgrimage of Grace

Sir Stephan Hamilton (1537) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for being in the Pilgrimage of Grace

Sir Nicholas Tempast (1537) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for being in the Pilgrimage of Grace

Sir William Lumley (1537) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for being in the Pilgrimage of Grace

Sir Edward Neville (1538) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for being in the Pilgrimage of Grace

Henry Courtenay, 1st Marquess of Exeter, KG, PC, Lord Warden of the Stannaries - (1539) - Executed on Tower Hill by Henry VIII of England

Sir Nicholas Carew, KG, PC - Master of the Horse - (1539) - Executed by Henry VIII of England

Henry Pole, 1st Baron Montagu (1539) - Executed by order of Henry VIII of England

Sir Adrian Fortescue (1539) - Executed by order of Henry VIII of England

Thomas Dingley(1539) - Executed by order of Henry VIII of England

Sir James Hamilton of Finnart - Master of Work to the Crown of Scotland - (1540) - Executed by order of James V of Scotland

Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex, KG, PC - Secretary of State
Master of the Rolls
Lord Privy Seal
Governor of the Isle of Wight, Justice in Eyre
Lord Great Chamberlain - (1540) - Executed at Tower Hill by Henry VIII of England

Walter Hungerford, 1st Baron Hungerford of Heytesbury (1540) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for high treason and buggery.

Leonard Grey, 1st Viscount Grane - Lord Deputy of Ireland (1541) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for High Treason after allowing the escape of his nephew Gerald FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Kildare

Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury (1541) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for high treason

Catherine Howard - Queen of England and Henry's Wife (1542) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for High Treason

Thomas Culpepper (1542) - Executed by Henry VII for high treason

Jane Boleyn, Viscountess Rochford - Wife of executed George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford and sister-in-law of Anne Boleyn - (1542) - Executed by Henry VIII of England for High Treason

Sir John Neville of Chevet (1546 )- Executed by Henry VIII of England

Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, KG - Earl Marshal (1547) - Executed at Template:Tower Hill during the reign of Edward VI of England

Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley - Master-General of the Ordnance, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, Lord High Admiral, also was the husband of Henry VIII sixth wife and widow Catherine Parr and the brother of Henry's third wife Jane Seymour - (1549) - Executed during the reign of Edward VI of England

Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset, KG, PC, Earl Marshal
Lord High Treasurer, Lord High Admiral
Lord Protector of England in the period between the death of Henry VIII in 1547 and his own indictment in 1549 - (1552) - Executed at Tower Hill during the reign of Edward VI of England

Sir Thomas Arundell of Lanherne - Gentleman of the Privy Chamber - (1552) - Executed during the reign of Edward VI of England

Sir Michael Stanhope - Chief Gentleman of the Privy Chamber - (1552) - Executed during the reign of Edward VI of England

Sir Miles Partridge (1552) - Executed during the reign of Edward VI of England

Sir Ralph Vane (1552) - Executed during the reign of Edward VI of England

John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, KG - Vice-Admiral
Lord Admiral
Governor of Boulogne
President of the Council in the Marches
Lord Great Chamberlain
Grand Master of the Royal Household
Earl Marshal of England
Lord President of the Council
Warden General of the Scottish Marches - (1553) - Executed by Mary I

Lord Guilford Dudley - Son of the above and Royal Consort of England 10 July - 19 July 1553 - (1554) - Executed at Tower Hill by Mary I

Lady Jane Grey - Queen of England 10 July – 19 July 1553 and Heir to the English and Irish Thrones 21 June – 10 July 1553 - (1554) - Executed by Mary I.

Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, KG -Father of the above, Lord Lieutenant of Leicestershire
Justice in Eyre - (1554) - Executed by Mary I

Sir Thomas Wyatt the Younger (1554) - Executed at Tower Hill by Mary I for trying to place Lady Jane Grey on the throne.

Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, KG - Earl Marshal - (1572) - Executed at Tower Hill by Elizabeth I of England

Sir Thomas Doughty (1578) - Executed by Sir Francis Drake

James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton - Lord High Admiral of Scotland
Lord Chancellor of Scotland
Regent of Scotland (1581) - Executed by James VI of Scotland

Edward Arden (1583) - Executed by Elizabeth I of England for high treason

Sir Francis Throckmorton (1584) - Executed by Elizabeth I of England

Anthony Babington (1586} - Executed at Tower Hill

Mary, Queen of Scots - Queen of Scots and Queen consort of France - (1587) - Executed by Elizabeth I of England.

Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, KG - Master of the Horse, Earl Marshal
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
Custos Rotulorum of Pembrokeshire
Custos Rotulorum of Staffordshire
Master-General of the Ordnance - (1601) - Executed by Elizabeth I of England for High Treason

Sir Christopher Blount (1601) - Executed by Elizabeth I of England for High Treason

Sir Gervase Helwys (1615) - Executed at Tower Hill

Sir Walter Raleigh - Lord Warden of the Stannaries
Lord Lieutenant of Cornwall, Vice-Admiral of Devon, Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard
Governor of Jersey - (1618) - Executed by orders of James VI of Scotland

Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, KG - Custos Rotulorum of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Lord Lieutenant of Yorkshire, Lord Deputy of Ireland, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland - (1641) - Executed at Tower Hill by Charles I on orders of Parliament

Archbishop William Laud - Archbishop of Canterbury - (1645) - Executed at Tower Hill by Charles I on orders of Parliament

Sir John Hotham the Younger (2 January 1645) - Executed for betraying the parliamentarians to the Royalists

Sir John Hotham, 1st Baronet the Elder, of Scorborough (died 3 January 1645) - Father of above - Executed for betraying the parliamentarians to the Royalists

Charles I of England and Scotland (1649) - Executed in Whitehall, London by Cromwell's Parliament

James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, KG - Master of the Horse
Lord Chancellor of Scotland - (1649) - Executed by Cromwell's Parliament for being a Royalist

Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham (1649) - Executed by Cromwell's Parliament for being a Royalist

Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, KG - Master of the Horse
Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard
Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire
Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex
Justice in Eyre - (1649) - Executed by in London Cromwell's Parliament for being a Royalist

James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby, KG - Lord Lieutenant of Cheshire
Lancashire
Vice-Admiral of Cheshire - (1651) - Executed at Bolton by Cromwell's Parliament for being a Royalist

Sir John Penruddock (1619-1655) - Executed by at Exeter Cromwell's Parliament for being a Royalist Rebel

Sir Henry Slingsby, 1st Baronet (1658) - Executed on Tower Hill, London by Cromwell's Parliament for being a Royalist

Oliver Cromwell (1661) - although already dead, he was beheaded by order of Charles II; some believe his mother ordered it

Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll (1661) - Executed by Charles II for the death of his father Charles I

Sir Henry Vane the Younger (1662) - Executed at Tower Hill by Charles II for the death of his father Charles I

William Howard, 1st Viscount Stafford (1680) - Executed by being falsely accused of treason

William Russell, Lord Russell - Member of Parliament for Tavistock and Tavistock - (1683) - Executed for being involved with the Rye House Plot

Algernon Sidney (1683) - Executed at Tower Hill for being involved with the Rye House Plot

Sir Thomas Armstrong - Member of Parliament for Stafford (1684) - Executed by Judge Jeffreys for supporting Monmouth

James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth (1685) - Executed at Tower Hill by James II after the Battle of Sedgemoor for treason.

Lady Alice Lisle (1685) - Executed by Judge Jeffreys during the Bloody Assizes for harbouring Monmouth rebels

Sir John Fenwick (1697) - Jacobite Rebel

Scotland

Donnchadh, Earl of Lennox (1425) - Executed by orders of James I of Scotland

Lord Walter Stewart and Lord Alexander Sewart (1425) - Executed by orders of James I of Scotland

Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany (1425) - Executed by orders of James I of Scotland

Walter Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl (1437) - Executed for his part in the murder of James I of Scotland

William Douglas, 6th Earl of Douglas (1440) - Executed on trumped up charges in front of James II of Scotland

Lord David Douglas (1440) - Executed on trumped up charges in front of James II of Scotland

Hugh Douglas, Earl of Ormonde (1455) - Executed on the orders of James III of Scotland

John Douglas, Lord of Balvenie (1463) - Executed on the orders of James III of Scotland

James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton (1581) - Executed on the Scottish maiden for complicty in murder of Lord Darnley

William Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie (1584) - Executed by James VI of Scotland

Patrick Stewart, 2nd Earl of Orkney (1615) - Executed by James VI of Scotland

Mervyn Tuchet, 2nd Earl of Castlehaven (1631) - Executed by orders of James VI of Scotland for unnatural sexual crimes.

Sir John Gordon, 1st Baronet, of Haddo (1644) - Executed on the Scottish maiden by the Covenanters for treason as a Royalist.

Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll (1661) - Executed by Charles II of England on the Scottish maiden for treason.

Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll (1685) - son of above. Executed by James II of England on the Scottish maiden for treason.

Godfrey McCulloch (1697) - Executed on the Scottish maiden for murder. Last man to be executed by the maiden.

Great Britain

William Gordon, 6th Viscount of Kenmure (1716) - Jacobite Rebel

James Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Derwentwater (1716) - Jacobite Rebel, executed at Tower Hill

Charles Radclyffe, titular 5th Earl of Derwentwater (1746) - Jacobite Rebel

Arthur Elphinstone, 6th Lord Balmerinoch (1746) - a Jacobite supporter of Prince Charles Edward Stuart, he was taken prisoner at Culloden and beheaded on 18 August 1746.

William Boyd, 4th Earl of Kilmarnock (1746) - a Jacobite supporter of Prince Charles Edward Stuart, he was taken prisoner at Culloden and beheaded at Tower Hill on 18 August 1746

Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat (1747) - a prominent veteran Jacobite supporter of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Though too old to participate in the 1745 Rising, he was chosen by the British Crown for execution at Tower Hill in lieu of his youthful son, who had actually led Clan Fraser for the Jacobite cause

- Hon. Henry William John, later 4th Earl of Strafford (1899)- decapitated by a train.^[1]

Gerald Mellin (2008) - see List of unusual deaths

David Phyall (2008) - see List of unusual deaths

Jolanta Bledaite - Lithuanian, tortured and killed, 2008^[2]

Byzantine Empire

Constantine XI Palaiologos, last of the reigning Byzantine Emperors

European New World colonies

Colonial North America

Metacomet, New England Indian chief "King Philip"

Blackbeard, notorious Caribbean pirate

Panama

Vasco Núñez de Balboa, Spanish conquistador who discovered the Pacific Ocean (1519)

Haiti

Dutty Boukman (1791)

Brazil

Joaquim José da Silva Xavier (Tiradentes) - the body was quartered after his hanging (1792)

Mexico

Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla and Ignacio Allende, Mexican insurgents were beheaded after their execution by firing squad in 1811

Peru

Gonzalo Pizarro (1548) - Executed in Peru by Pedro de la Gasca for rebellion.

France

Ancien Regime

Olivier III de Clisson (1343) - executed by Philip VI of France for treason.
Jean de Montaigu (1409) - Executed in Paris by Charles VI of France
Henri de Talleyrand-Périgord, comte de Chalais (1626) - executed in Nantes for conspiracy against Cardinal Richelieu

French Revolution

Jacques Cazotte (1792) - Guillotined for treason
Marie Antoinette (1793)
Louis XVI of France (1793)
Madame du Barry (1793)
Charlotte Corday (1793) - Executed for the murder of Jean-Paul Marat
Antoine Lavoisier (1794)
Madame Élisabeth (1794)
Georges Danton (1794)
Jacques Hébert (1794) - Guillotined for sedition
Camille Desmoulins (1794) - Guillotined for plotting against Robespierre
Marie Jean Hérault de Séchelles (1794) - Guillotined for plotting against Robespierre
François Joseph Westermann (1794) - Guillotined for plotting against Robespierre
Pierre Ph (1794)ilippeaux (1794) - Guillotined for plotting against Robespierre
Maximilien Robespierre (1794)

Republic of France

Four Sergeants of La Rochelle (1822) - executed for treason against Louis XVIII of France
Sante Geronimo Caserio (1894) - executed for assassination of president Marie François Sadi Carnot.
Henri Landru (1922) - executed for serial murder.
Jacques Fesch (1957) - executed in Paris for killing a policeman.
Hamida Djandoubi (1977) - executed in Marseille for murder - last guillotine execution
Eugen Weidmann (1939) - Executed for murder. Last public execution by guillotine in France.

Georgia

Demetre II (1289) - Executed by the Mongol Arghun Khan for rebellion.

Germany

Ludwig Haetzer (1529) - Executed in Konstanz for protestant radicalism (but technically for adultery)

Nazi Germany

Marinus van der Lubbe (1934) - Guillotined for starting the Reichstag fire.
Helmuth Hübener (1942) - Guillotined for treason
Franz Jägerstätter (1943) - Guillotined in Berlin as a concientious objector.
Maria Restituta (1943) - Guillotined for treason.
Sophie Scholl (1943) - Guillotined for treason via White Rose resistance group.
Hans Scholl (1943) - brother of above - Guillotined for treason via White Rose resistance group.
Christoph Probst (1943) - Guillotined for treason via White Rose resistance group.
Willi Graf (1943) - Guillotined for treason via White Rose resistance group.
Alex Schmorell (1943) - Guillotined for treason via White Rose resistance group.
Kurt Huber (1943) - Guillotined for treason via White Rose resistance group.
Otto and Elise Hampel (1943) - Guilotined in Berlin for treason.

Post-war Germany

Hungary

László Hunyadi (1457) - Executed by Ladislaus V for plotting against him.

Iraq

Italy

Ancient Rome

Marcus Antonius Orator (87 BC)
Marcus Licinius Crassus (53 BC)
Publius Licinius Crassus, son of Marcus Licinius Crassus (53 BC)
Pompey the Great (48 BC)
Gnaeus Pompeius, Pompey's son (45 BC)
Titus Labienus (45 BC)
Cicero (43 BC)
Stilicho (408) - executed in coup d'état after Gothic invasion.

Later Italy

Beatrice Cenci and Lucrezia Peroni (1599) - executed in Rome for murder of Francesco Cenci
Felice Orsini (1858) - Executed by Napoléon III for attempting to assassinate him.

Japan

Asano Naganori, lord of the Forty-seven Ronin
Ishida Mitsunari, daimyo and general
Ankokuji Ekei, Buddhist monk and ally of Mitsunari
Kondō Isami, commander of the Shinsengumi

Netherlands

Ottoman Empire

Ali Pasha
Thousands of Christian crusaders (1396) - Executed by Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I after the Battle of Nicopolis

Pakistan

Daniel Pearl

Poland

Kazimierz Łyszczyński (1689) - executed in Warsaw for heresy

Russia

Saudi Arabia

Prince Faisal bin Musa'id
Paul Marshall Johnson, Jr.

Spain

Eulogius of Cordova (859) - Executed by Muslim rulers for blasphemy.
Antonio Osorio de Acuña (1526) - Executed in Simancas for supporting the Comunero Revolt.

Sweden

Anna Simonsdotter - Tysk-Annika (1676) - Executed in Stockholm for witchcraft.

Switzerland

Wildhans von Breitenlandenberg and 61 companions following the siege of Greifensee during the Old Zürich War (1444)

United States

Pearl Bryan (1896) - Murdered in Fort Thomas, Kentucky
Vic Morrow
Helmuth Koinigg
Russell Phillips
Boris Sagal
Adam Walsh
Robert Lees
Some victims of Danny Rolling
Victims of Jeffrey Dahmer
Yang Xin
Maria Corona

Religious figures

Biblical accounts

Goliath - according to Scripture (in the Old Testament), after he was killed by David, this example illustrates the aforementioned post-mortem decapitation
John the Baptist in the Gospels
Holofernes in the deuterocanonical Book of Judith (historical accuracy disputed)
Apostle James, traditionally^[3]
Apostle Paul, traditionally^[4]

Christian saints

Saint Acisclus
Saint Agnes
Saint Alban (around 304)
Saint Ansanus
Saint Anthimus of Rome
Saint Christopher
Saint Columba of Spain
Saint Columba of France
Saint Columba (the Virgin) of Cornwall, England
Saints Cosmas and Damian
Saint Denis, who carried his head to his final resting place, a familiar hagiographical trope (see Cephalophore)
Saint Diomedes
Saint Dymphna
Saint Eurosia
Saint Felicitas of Rome
Saints Felix and Nabor
Saints Firmus and Rusticus
Saint George
Saint Gereon
Saint Gordianus
Saint John Fisher
Saint John de Brito
Saint Marcellus
Saint Maximilian
Saint Nicasius of Rheims, at Rheims
Saint Oliver Plunkett in Ireland
Saint Pancras
Saint Polyeuctus
Saint Quiteria
Saints Rufina and Secunda
Saints Simplicius and Faustinus
Saint Typasius
Saint Urith of Chittlehampton, Devon, England
Saint Venantius, at Camerino
Saint Winefride of Flintshire in Wales
Saint Andrew Kim Taegon of Korea
Saint Thomas More

Islamic

Imam Husayn ibn Ali and his 72 companions (680) - at the Battle of Karbala
2700 Muslim prisoners of Richard I of England (1191) - after the Battle of Acre

Sikh

Fictional characters

Slum King, main antagonist from Violence Jack.
Beowolf, boss from Devil May Cry 3
Helios, Eurydale, Stheno, and Medusa bosses from the God of War video game series.
Emperor Doviculus, main antagonist from Brutal Legend
Charon and Cerberus from Dante's Inferno
Al Simmons from Spawn
Jarbilong, a fallen angel from the manhwa Priest
Albert Wesker in Resident Evil 5
Fitch in Silent Hill: Homecoming
Alucard from Hellsing
Hidan from Naruto
Pamela Voorhees, the main antagonist in Friday the 13th
Tomie, the titular horror film character from the series of the same name.
Peter Griffin from Family Guy (although the incidents are non-cannon).
Kenny from South Park
The Headless Horseman
Sho, one of the murdered students from Battle Royale and Kiriyama, the main antagonist in the film version.
Shredder from Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.
Bushido Brown from The Boondocks.
Helter Skelter, Death Metal, Speed Buster, Skelter Helter, Million Gunman, and New Destroyman #2 from the No More Heroes series.
Sir Nicholas de Mimsy-Porpington a.k.a Nearly Headless Nick - Hogwarts ghost from the Harry Potter books by J.K. Rowling.

References

^ "EARL OF STRAFFORD KILLED; Decapitated by an Express Train at a Railroad". New York Times. 17 May 1899. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
^ Life for head-on-beach murderers BBC NEWS, 6 March 2009
^ Acts of the Apostles: Commentary
^ Apostle Saul (Paul)

[1] "EARL OF STRAFFORD KILLED; Decapitated by an Express Train at a Railroad". New York Times. 17 May 1899. Retrieved 8 May 2010.

[2] Life for head-on-beach murderers BBC NEWS, 6 March 2009

[3] Acts of the Apostles: Commentary

[4] Apostle Saul (Paul)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 399: / Line 399: @@
 *[[Madame du Barry]] (1793)
 *[[Charlotte Corday]] (1793) - Executed for the murder of [[Jean-Paul Marat]]
-*[[Georges Danton]] (1794)
 *[[Antoine Lavoisier]] (1794)
 *[[Princess Élisabeth of France|Madame Élisabeth]] (1794)
-*[[Maximilien Robespierre]] (1794)
+*[[Georges Danton]] (1794)
 *[[Jacques Hébert]] (1794) - Guillotined for sedition
+*[[Camille Desmoulins]] (1794) - Guillotined for plotting against [[Robespierre]]
+*[[Marie Jean Hérault de Séchelles]] (1794) - Guillotined for plotting against [[Robespierre]]
+*[[François Joseph Westermann ]] (1794) - Guillotined for plotting against [[Robespierre]]
+*[[Pierre Ph (1794)ilippeaux]] (1794) - Guillotined for plotting against [[Robespierre]]
+*[[Maximilien Robespierre]] (1794)
 ===[[Republic of France]]===