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Revision as of 01:27, 31 July 2009

Wladysław Józef Marian Turowicz
File:General braz.JPG
Born(1908-04-23)April 23, 1908
Zabrze, Poland
DiedNovember 8, 1980(1980-11-08) (aged 72)
Karachi, Pakistan
NationalityPakistani-Polish
Alma materWarsaw University of Technology, Poland
Known forPakistan's Space Program
AwardsSitara-e-Pakistan [MI](1965)
Tamgha-i-Pakistan [MI] (1967)
Sitara-i-Khidmat [MI](1967)
Scientific career
FieldsElectrical Engineering
InstitutionsPolish Air Force(PAF)
Royal Air Force (RAF)
Pakistan Air Force (PAF)
Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO)

Air Commodore Wladysław Józef Marian Turowicz was an eminent and noted Pakistani-Polish military scientist and Pakistan Air Force'Air Commodore. He is the administrator of Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) from 1970 to 1976. He is one of the 30 Polish Pilots who served in Pakistan Air Force during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. He was one of the pioneers of Pakistan's space program and played a central role in Pakistan's aviation and aerospace industry. Turwicz as an electrical engineer; is considered one of the worked in Pakistan's missile/rocket program.

Early Life and Education

Turowicz was born in Zabrze, Poland, in 1908. He recieved his elementary and intermediate education from there. However, in 1916. Turowicz moved to Warsaw where he attended Warsaw University of Technology where he majored in electrical engineering. He graduate and recieved Ph.D in electrical engineering from there. He also recieved M.Sc in Aeronautics from there. He joined Royal Air Force in 1918 as a reservist Polish pilot.

World War II

From an early age, Turwoicz was fascinated by the aviation and aerodynamics. Turwicz who recently joined Polish Airforce, had participated in World War II as the Royal Air Force reservist. He was immediately send to Great Britain where he flew British-built Handley Page Halifax during the war. Later, he was transfered into Royal Air Force Aernautics division where he served there as a Technical Inspector. He was put incharge of Aircraft electrical and system information, organizing and test and evaluation of aircraft. After the World War II, Turowicz came back Poland but the political situation in Poland has not announced as interesting for the Polish troops fighting in United Kingdom during the World War II. Turowicz faced a harsh situation in Poland where the political situation was deterioated as time passes.

Moving to Pakistan

As political situation in Poland got worsen, many Polish Air Force commanders began to move United States, Australia, Norway and Canada. Turowicz and his commanders were asked to move to Pakistan by the Government of Pakistan. Władysław Turowicz with experience in organization and equipment of the air force, which has acquired in United Kingdom (Farnborough), together with a group of 30 Polish high-ranking officers, scientists, and engineers, aviation arrived in Karachi by the end of year of 1948 where they were received a warm welcomed from the People of Pakistan. His task was to organized and to trained Pakistan Air Force's fighter pilots. He along with the Polish Air Force General signed a three-year aggrement with Pakistan.

Pakistan Air Force Career

The three-year contract with Pakistan Air Force was to tranformed Pakistan Air Force into permanent and effective Air Force of the region. WladSlaw Turowicz sat up technical institues in Karachi. He initially led the technical training in the Airbase and a part of Polish specialists in the technical section in karachi. However, they were transfered and accomodated in Peshawar.

In 1952, Turowicz, along with several Polish fighters, were promoted in the rank of Wing Commander (rank). He was also promoted to the rank Lieutanent Commander where he became a Air Force Commander of Pakistan Air Force' Chaklala Airbase. In 1959, Wladyslaw Turowicz was promoted in the rank of Group Captain (Colonel). In 1960, he, along with other Polish Air Forcer General, became a Air Vice-Marshal and Deputy Chief of Air Staff. He was given Incharge of Pakistan Air Force Training Department.

Indo-Pakistani War of 1965

In Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Turowicz flew American-built jets F-86 Sabre and bravely defended Lahore from Indian Airforce. He also led a squadron of combat craft in which he annihilated the Indian Air Force. September 6, 1965, the Indian Army crossed the border at Lahore to relieve pressure off the Chamb Jaurian sector. On the evening of the same day, the PAF's strike squadron, under the direction of Turowicz, responded with attacks on Indian airfields at Pathankot and Halwara. The attack on Pathankot was successful and the IAF lost nearly 10 aircraft on the ground. He came to prominence when he shot down Indian fighter jets and defended Lahore successfully. Turowicz who had long experienced in aerial combat became a key instrument in training of Pakistani Pilots. Due to his

Sources and References

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