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{{Refimprove|date=October 2007}}
{{Infobox Military Unit
{{Infobox Military Unit
|unit_name= 27th Fighter Squadron
|unit_name= 27th Fighter Squadron
|image= [[Image:27th Fighter Squadron.png|200px]]
|image= [[Image:27th Fighter Squadron.png|250px]]
|caption= Emblem of the 27th Fighter Squadron
|caption= Emblem of the 27th Fighter Squadron
|dates= Organized [[June 15]], [[1917]] as 21st Aero Squadron; <br>Redesignated [[June 23]], [[1917]] as 27th Aero Squadron <br>Organized [[August 20]], [[1917]]
|dates= Organized [[June 15]], [[1917]] as 21st Aero Squadron; <br>Redesignated [[June 23]], [[1917]] as 27th Aero Squadron <br>Organized [[August 20]], [[1917]]
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|anniversaries=
|anniversaries=
}}
}}
⚫
[[File:P-36C 27th PS 1939 National Air Races.jpg|thumb|27th Pursuit Squadron P-36Cs at the 1939 [[National Air Races]].]]
The '''27th Fighter Squadron''', also known as the "Fighting eagles" or "Black Falcons" is a [[squadron]] of the [[United States Air Force]], currently part of the [[1st Operations Group]] of the [[1st Fighter Wing]], and deployed at [[Langley Air Force Base]] in [[Virginia]].
The '''27th Fighter Squadron''' '''(27 FS)''' is a [[United States Air Force]] unit. It is assigned to the [[1st Operations Group]] and stationed at [[Langley Air Force Base]], [[Virginia]].


The 27th Fighter Squadron is the oldest fighter squadron in the United States Air Force.
⚫
The squadron is equipped with the [[F-22 Raptor]], having transitioned from the [[F-15]] in [[2005]] to become the world's first operational F-22 squadron.

⚫
Originally organized as the 21st Aero Squadron June 15, 1917, the 27th was redesignated as the 27th Aero Squadron June 23, 1917, and assigned to the 1st Pursuit Group in early 1918. The 27th entered World War I in the European theater where it served with distinction from March 1918 until the Armistice in November of that year.

==Overview==
⚫
Known as the "Fighting eagles" or "Black Falcons", the squadron is equipped with the [[F-22 Raptor]], having transitioned from the [[F-15]] in [[2005]] to become the world's first operational F-22 squadron.

As one of three fighter squadrons of the [[1st Fighter Wing]], the 27th is tasked to provide air superiority for United States or allied forces by engaging and destroying enemy forces, equipment, defenses or installations for global deployment.


==History==
==History==
⚫
The 27th Fighter Squadron is the oldest fighter squadron in the U.S. Air Force. As one of three fighter squadrons of the [[1st Fighter Wing]], the 27th is tasked to provide air superiority for United States or allied forces by engaging and destroying enemy forces, equipment, defenses or installations for global deployment. Originally organized as the 21st Aero Squadron June 15, 1917, the 27th was redesignated as the 27th Aero Squadron June 23, 1917, and assigned to the 1st Pursuit Group in early 1918. The 27th entered World War I in the European theater where it served with distinction from March 1918 until the Armistice in November of that year.


===Operations===
====World War I====
During World War I, The squadron was based at [[Toul]] ([[May 5]], [[1918]]), [[Touquin]] ([[June 28]], [[1918]]), [[Saints, Seine-et-Marne|Saints]] ([[July 9]], [[1918]]) and [[Rembercourt]] ([[September 1]], [[1918]]).
During World War I, The squadron was based at [[Toul]] ([[May 5]], [[1918]]), [[Touquin]] ([[June 28]], [[1918]]), [[Saints, Seine-et-Marne|Saints]] ([[July 9]], [[1918]]) and [[Rembercourt]] ([[September 1]], [[1918]]).


Lieutenant [[Frank Luke]], Jr., known as the "Arizona Balloon Buster," for his daring feats against German [[observation balloon]]s, was the squadron's most colorful ace. His 18 victories cost him his life, and he was awarded the [[Medal of Honor]]. Aircraft flown by the 27th during World War I include the [[Nieuport 28]], [[Spad XIII]] and [[Sopwith Camel|Sopwith F-1 Camel]].
Lieutenant [[Frank Luke]], Jr., known as the "Arizona Balloon Buster," for his daring feats against German [[observation balloon]]s, was the squadron's most colorful ace. His 18 victories cost him his life, and he was awarded the [[Medal of Honor]]. Aircraft flown by the 27th during World War I include the [[Nieuport 28]], [[Spad XIII]] and [[Sopwith Camel|Sopwith F-1 Camel]].


====Between the wars (1920s & 1930s)====
⚫
[[File:P-36C 27th PS 1939 National Air Races.jpg|thumb|left|27th Pursuit Squadron P-36Cs at the 1939 [[National Air Races]].]]
In the period between the world wars, the 27th Pursuit Squadron, redesignated Jan. 25, 1923, was stationed primarily at [[Selfridge Field]], Michigan, with the [[1st Operations Group|1st Fighter Group]]. During these years, the unit flew various aircraft, including the [[Fokker D.VII]], [[P-1 Hawk|PW-8]], [[Boeing P-12|P-12]], [[P-26 Peashooter|P-26]], [[Seversky P-35|P-35]], [[P-36 Hawk|P-36]] and the [[P-43 Lancer|YP-43]].


====World War II====
In the period between the world wars, the 27th Pursuit Squadron, redesignated Jan. 25, 1923, was stationed primarily at [[Selfridge Field]], Michigan, with the [[1st Operations Group|1st Fighter Group]]. During these years, the unit flew various aircraft, including the [[Fokker D.VII]], [[P-1 Hawk|PW-8]], [[Boeing P-12|P-12]], [[P-26 Peashooter|P-26]], [[Seversky P-35|P-35]], [[P-36 Hawk|P-36]] and the [[P-43 Lancer|YP-43]]. At the beginning of the United States' involvement in World War II, the 27th Fighter Squadron, redesignated May 15, 1942, briefly served in anti-submarine duty at [[San Diego Naval Air Station]] and in air defense duty at Reykjavik, Iceland. From October 1942 until May 1945, the 27th participated in the European and Mediterranean theaters of operation, flying [[P-38 Lightning|Lockheed P-38 Lightnings]]. The squadron won three Distinguished Unit Citations in Italy August 25, 1943, and August 30, 1943; and at [[Ploieşti|Ploesti]], Romania, May 18, 1944. The 27th Fighter Squadron was the top-scoring unit of the 1st Fighter Group in World War II, with 83 of its pilots credited with 176.5 victories.
At the beginning of the United States' involvement in World War II, the 27th Fighter Squadron, redesignated May 15, 1942, briefly served in anti-submarine duty at [[San Diego Naval Air Station]] and in air defense duty at Reykjavik, Iceland. From October 1942 until May 1945, the 27th participated in the European and Mediterranean theaters of operation, flying [[P-38 Lightning|Lockheed P-38 Lightnings]]. The squadron won three Distinguished Unit Citations in Italy August 25, 1943, and August 30, 1943; and at [[Ploieşti|Ploesti]], Romania, May 18, 1944. The 27th Fighter Squadron was the top-scoring unit of the 1st Fighter Group in World War II, with 83 of its pilots credited with 176.5 victories.


====Cold War====
Following World War II, the 27th was stationed at [[March Field]], California, flying [[P-80 Shooting Star]]s, the United States' first operational jet aircraft. Upon the unit's redesignation as the 27th Fighter Interceptor Squadron, it moved to [[Niagara Falls Air Force Station]], New York, flying the [[F-86 Sabre|F-86]], [[F-89 Scorpion|F-89]] and [[F-94 Starfire|F-94C aircraft while stationed at Griffis Air Force Base in Rome N.Y.]] until receiving the [[F-102 Delta Dagger]] in 1957. In October 1959, the 27th was transferred to [[Loring Air Force Base]], Maine, where it assumed an air defense role flying [[F-106|F-106 Delta Darts]] in the Bangor Air Defense Sector.
Following World War II, the 27th was stationed at [[March Field]], California, flying [[P-80 Shooting Star]]s, the United States' first operational jet aircraft. Upon the unit's redesignation as the 27th Fighter Interceptor Squadron, it moved to [[Niagara Falls Air Force Station]], New York, flying the [[F-86 Sabre|F-86]], [[F-89 Scorpion|F-89]] and [[F-94 Starfire|F-94C aircraft while stationed at Griffis Air Force Base in Rome N.Y.]] until receiving the [[F-102 Delta Dagger]] in 1957. In October 1959, the 27th was transferred to [[Loring Air Force Base]], Maine, where it assumed an air defense role flying [[F-106|F-106 Delta Darts]] in the Bangor Air Defense Sector.


The redesignated 27th Tactical Fighter Squadron was assigned to [[MacDill Air Force Base]], Florida, July 2, 1971, as part of the reorganized 1st Tactical Fighter Wing. While at MacDill, the 27th trained aircrews in the [[F-4 Phantom|F-4E Phantom II]]. In June 1975, the 27th Tactical Fighter Squadron was moved to [[Langley Air Force Base]], Virginia, becoming the first operational squadron to fly the [[F-15]] Eagle air superiority fighter in 1976. The unit was redesignated the 27th Fighter Squadron Sept.1, 1991. The 27th TFS deployed in support of [[Operation Desert Storm]] as part of the first U.S. Air Force contingent in Saudi Arabia. The squadron was integral in establishing allied air superiority during the operation.
The redesignated 27th Tactical Fighter Squadron was assigned to [[MacDill Air Force Base]], Florida, July 2, 1971, as part of the reorganized 1st Tactical Fighter Wing. While at MacDill, the 27th trained aircrews in the [[F-4 Phantom|F-4E Phantom II]]. In June 1975, the 27th Tactical Fighter Squadron was moved to [[Langley Air Force Base]], Virginia, becoming the first operational squadron to fly the [[F-15]] Eagle air superiority fighter in 1976. The unit was redesignated the 27th Fighter Squadron Sept.1, 1991. The 27th TFS deployed in support of [[Operation Desert Storm]] as part of the first U.S. Air Force contingent in Saudi Arabia. The squadron was integral in establishing allied air superiority during the operation.


====Modern era====
The 27th FS has deployed worldwide to support the 1st FW. The 27th Fighter Squadron deployed to Turkey in support of [[Operation Northern Watch]], and to Saudi Arabia in support of [[Operation Southern Watch]], flying F-15Cs in both operations enforcing UN sanctions against Iraq until 2003.
The 27th FS has deployed worldwide to support the 1st FW. The 27th Fighter Squadron deployed to Turkey in support of [[Operation Northern Watch]], and to Saudi Arabia in support of [[Operation Southern Watch]], flying F-15Cs in both operations enforcing UN sanctions against Iraq until 2003.


In 2003, the 27th Fighter Squadron was announced as the first operational squadron to fly the Raptor -- a continuation of the squadron's historical legacy. The first F-22A arrived in late 2004 the squadron continues to grow as more Raptors arrive each month. The 27th Fighter Squadron today stands as a cohesive combat experienced team ready for any call to support the United States' security requirements.
In 2003, the 27th Fighter Squadron was announced as the first operational squadron to fly the Raptor -- a continuation of the squadron's historical legacy. The first F-22A arrived in late 2004 the squadron continues to grow as more Raptors arrive each month. The 27th Fighter Squadron today stands as a cohesive combat experienced team ready for any call to support the United States' security requirements.


== External links ==
== References==
{{User:NDCompuGeek/templates/Template:AFHRA}}
⚫
{{portal|United States Air Force|Seal of the US Air Force.svg}}
{{Reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
* Mauer, Mauer (1969), Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II, Air Force Historical Studies Office, Maxwell AFB, Alabama. ISBN 0892010975
* [http://www.langley.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=3711 27th Fighter Squadron fact sheet]
* [http://www.langley.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=3711 27th Fighter Squadron fact sheet]
* [http://www.usaww1.com July 14, 2008 - 90th anniversary Commemoration of 27th, 94th, 95th, 147th aero squadrons in France]

==External links==
⚫
{{portal|United States Air Force|Seal of the US Air Force.svg}}
{{portalpar|Military of the United States|Flag of the United States.svg|65}}

* [http://www.langley.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=3713 94th FS's Official Webpage]
* [http://www.usaww1.com July 14, 2008 - 90th anniversary Commemoration of 27th, 94th, 95th, 147th aero squadrons in France]
* [http://www.usaww1.com July 14, 2008 - 90th anniversary Commemoration of 27th, 94th, 95th, 147th aero squadrons in France]


{{USAF Air Combat Command}}
{{USAF Air Combat Command}}
{{US Air Force navbox}}
{{US Air Force navbox}}
{{Template group
|list =
{{Tactical Air Command}}
{{Aerospace Defense Command}}
{{USAAF 12th Air Force World War II}}
}}


[[Category:Squadrons of the United States Air Force|Fighter 0027]]
[[Category:Squadrons of the United States Air Force|Fighter 0027]]

Revision as of 13:20, 27 May 2009

27th Fighter Squadron
Emblem of the 27th Fighter Squadron
ActiveOrganized June 15, 1917 as 21st Aero Squadron;
Redesignated June 23, 1917 as 27th Aero Squadron
Organized August 20, 1917
CountryUnited States
BranchUnited States Air Force
RoleFighter
Part ofAir Combat Command
1st Operations Group
1st Fighter Wing
Garrison/HQLangley Air Force Base
Nickname(s)"Fighting Eagles"
EngagementsWorld War I
World War II
Operation Desert Storm
Operation Northern Watch
Operation Southern Watch
Commanders
Notable
commanders		Hal M. Hornburg
27th Pursuit Squadron P-36Cs at the 1939 National Air Races.

The 27th Fighter Squadron (27 FS) is a United States Air Force unit. It is assigned to the 1st Operations Group and stationed at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia.

The 27th Fighter Squadron is the oldest fighter squadron in the United States Air Force.

Originally organized as the 21st Aero Squadron June 15, 1917, the 27th was redesignated as the 27th Aero Squadron June 23, 1917, and assigned to the 1st Pursuit Group in early 1918. The 27th entered World War I in the European theater where it served with distinction from March 1918 until the Armistice in November of that year.

Overview

Known as the "Fighting eagles" or "Black Falcons", the squadron is equipped with the F-22 Raptor, having transitioned from the F-15 in 2005 to become the world's first operational F-22 squadron.

As one of three fighter squadrons of the 1st Fighter Wing, the 27th is tasked to provide air superiority for United States or allied forces by engaging and destroying enemy forces, equipment, defenses or installations for global deployment.

History

Operations

World War I

During World War I, The squadron was based at Toul (May 5, 1918), Touquin (June 28, 1918), Saints (July 9, 1918) and Rembercourt (September 1, 1918).

Lieutenant Frank Luke, Jr., known as the "Arizona Balloon Buster," for his daring feats against German observation balloons, was the squadron's most colorful ace. His 18 victories cost him his life, and he was awarded the Medal of Honor. Aircraft flown by the 27th during World War I include the Nieuport 28, Spad XIII and Sopwith F-1 Camel.

Between the wars (1920s & 1930s)

In the period between the world wars, the 27th Pursuit Squadron, redesignated Jan. 25, 1923, was stationed primarily at Selfridge Field, Michigan, with the 1st Fighter Group. During these years, the unit flew various aircraft, including the Fokker D.VII, PW-8, P-12, P-26, P-35, P-36 and the YP-43.

World War II

At the beginning of the United States' involvement in World War II, the 27th Fighter Squadron, redesignated May 15, 1942, briefly served in anti-submarine duty at San Diego Naval Air Station and in air defense duty at Reykjavik, Iceland. From October 1942 until May 1945, the 27th participated in the European and Mediterranean theaters of operation, flying Lockheed P-38 Lightnings. The squadron won three Distinguished Unit Citations in Italy August 25, 1943, and August 30, 1943; and at Ploesti, Romania, May 18, 1944. The 27th Fighter Squadron was the top-scoring unit of the 1st Fighter Group in World War II, with 83 of its pilots credited with 176.5 victories.

Cold War

Following World War II, the 27th was stationed at March Field, California, flying P-80 Shooting Stars, the United States' first operational jet aircraft. Upon the unit's redesignation as the 27th Fighter Interceptor Squadron, it moved to Niagara Falls Air Force Station, New York, flying the F-86, F-89 and F-94C aircraft while stationed at Griffis Air Force Base in Rome N.Y. until receiving the F-102 Delta Dagger in 1957. In October 1959, the 27th was transferred to Loring Air Force Base, Maine, where it assumed an air defense role flying F-106 Delta Darts in the Bangor Air Defense Sector.

The redesignated 27th Tactical Fighter Squadron was assigned to MacDill Air Force Base, Florida, July 2, 1971, as part of the reorganized 1st Tactical Fighter Wing. While at MacDill, the 27th trained aircrews in the F-4E Phantom II. In June 1975, the 27th Tactical Fighter Squadron was moved to Langley Air Force Base, Virginia, becoming the first operational squadron to fly the F-15 Eagle air superiority fighter in 1976. The unit was redesignated the 27th Fighter Squadron Sept.1, 1991. The 27th TFS deployed in support of Operation Desert Storm as part of the first U.S. Air Force contingent in Saudi Arabia. The squadron was integral in establishing allied air superiority during the operation.

Modern era

The 27th FS has deployed worldwide to support the 1st FW. The 27th Fighter Squadron deployed to Turkey in support of Operation Northern Watch, and to Saudi Arabia in support of Operation Southern Watch, flying F-15Cs in both operations enforcing UN sanctions against Iraq until 2003.

In 2003, the 27th Fighter Squadron was announced as the first operational squadron to fly the Raptor -- a continuation of the squadron's historical legacy. The first F-22A arrived in late 2004 the squadron continues to grow as more Raptors arrive each month. The 27th Fighter Squadron today stands as a cohesive combat experienced team ready for any call to support the United States' security requirements.

References

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

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