Yakovlev Yak-30 (1960): Difference between revisions

Yak-30
	File:Yak30-2.jpg
Role	Trainer
Manufacturer	Yakovlev
First flight	1960
Primary user	Soviet Air Forces
Number built	4
Variants	Yakovlev Yak-32

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Revision as of 00:48, 12 May 2009

The Yakovlev Yak-30 (NATO reporting name Magnum) was Yakovlev's entry in a competition for the first military jet trainer aircraft designed for Warsaw Pact nations. Designed to succeed the Yak-17UTI, it also led to the development of the Yak-32 sport jet. The Yak-30 lost to the L-29 Delfin, and neither designs entered production.

History

In 1959 the VVS held a competition for the first purpose built jet trainer to enter service with the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact nations. Prior to this time all Soviet jet trainers, such as the Yakovlev Yak-17UTI, had been modified from existing jet fighters. Since Yakovlev had produced most of the Soviet Union's trainer aircraft since WWII, wining the competition was extremely important, as the winner would be produced extensively for many years to come. Yakovlev's entry in the competition was the Yak-30. Surprisingly, it was the only competitor from within the Soviet Union.

Development

The Yak-30 was an all-metal aircraft made entirely from light alloys. It ws designed to be easy and inexpensive to build, the two wing spars being made from pressed-sheet ribs. The simple, elliptical fuselage housed the pupil and instructor in a single unpressurized tandem cockpit. Fuel was limited to 600 liters (132 gallons) in a bag tank located in the fuselage above the wing.

The engine was the Turmanskii-designed RU-19, made especially for the aircraft. Like the rest of the aircraft, it was a simply-designed single-shaft turbojet with a seven-stage axial compressor, rated at 900kg (1,984lbs) thrust. Air was fed from very small inlets located in the wing roots, and discharged directly under the rear fuselage with no jetpipe needed. To ease servicing, the engine could be lowered straight down without disturbing the fuselage.

The tailplane was fixed halfway up the sharply swept fin, and all control surfaces were manually driven by rods which ran down a dorsal spine extending along the upper surface of the aircraft, ending at the rear of the canopy. The long, continuous canopy was of blown Plexiglas, and bulged to give a better view downward. It slid to the rear on long rails. The ejection seats could both be fired by the instructor, while the pupil could fire only his own seat. Both cockpit positions had a complete set of controls.

The tricycle undercarriage was retractable. The main units retracted inward, while the steerable nosewheel retracted forward into a bay covered by two doors. Though provisions were made for armament similar to the military version of the single seat Yakovlev Yak-32, no armament was placed on the four prototypes.

Technical manager on the program was K V Sinelshcikov. Chief engineers were V A Shavrin, V G Tsvelov and V P Vlasov.

Testing

The OKB built a single static/fatigue test airframe, as well as four flying prototypes (callsigns 30, 50, 80 and 90). Two Yak-32's were also assembled at the same time.

The competition ultimately came down to three aircraft, the rivals being the Czechoslovak L-29 Delfin, and the Polish TS-11 Iskra. The Iskra was quickly eliminated and sent back to Poland, leaving the Yak-30 in a head-to-head competition with the L-29, in which the Yak design showed slightly better performance, but was hampered by detail problems. In the end, it was decided that the Czechoslovak company needed the work and so the L-29 was chosen in August 1961 to serve as the primary jet trainer for all Soviet and Warsaw Pact nations except for Poland. Immediately after this decision OKB pilot Smirnov set several world records in the Yak-30.

Tragically, after being chief test pilot of all of Yakovlev's twin-engine jets, test pilot Volkov was killed in a Yak-30 in 1965 as a result of an error by a woman pilot.

Operators

Soviet Union

Soviet Air Force

Specifications (Yak-30)

Data from N.Jakubovich "Wings of Motherland. Aviation and politics, or how "Dolphin" destroyed Yak-30"

General characteristics

Crew: 2: student and instructor
Basic fuel capacity: 500 kg (1,102 lb)
Maximum fuel capacity: 805 kg (1,775 lb)
Max wing loading: 154 kg/m² (31.6 lb/ft²)
Max power loading: 0.41 kg/kgp (0.9 lb/lbp)

Performance

Thrust/weight: 0.36
Maximum endurance: 2.05 hr

Take off run: 425 m (1,394 ft)

Landing run: 450 m (1,476 ft)

Maximum load factor: +7/-5 g Armament
None

References

Zasipkin, Yuri; Berne, Lev, "Politics chose destiny for a plane". Aviation and Cosmonautics
"History of plane development in USSR (1951-1965)"
Gunston, Bill. Yakovlev Aircraft since 1924. London, UK: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1997. ISBN 1-55750-978-6.
Simakov, Boris, "Soviet planes. 1917-1970"
Jakubovich, Nikolay, "Wings of Motherland. Aviation and politics, or how "Dolphin" destroyed Yak-30"

Bibliography

Gunston, Bill. Yakovlev Aircraft since 1924. London, UK: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1997. ISBN 1-55750-978-6.

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 ==History==
-In 1959 the [[VVS]] held a competition for the first purpose built jet trainer to enter service with the [[Soviet Union]] and [[Warsaw Pact]] nations. Prior to this time all Soviet jet trainers, such as the [[Yakovlev Yak-17]]UTI, had been modified from existing jet fighters. Since Yakovlev had produced most of the Soviet trainer aircraft since [[WWII]], wining the competition was extremely important, as the winner would be produced extensively for many years to come. Yakovlev's entry in the competition was the Yak-30. Surprisingly, it was the only competitor from within the Soviet Union.
+In 1959 the [[VVS]] held a competition for the first purpose built jet trainer to enter service with the [[Soviet Union]] and [[Warsaw Pact]] nations. Prior to this time all Soviet jet trainers, such as the [[Yakovlev Yak-17]]UTI, had been modified from existing jet fighters. Since Yakovlev had produced most of the Soviet Union's trainer aircraft since [[WWII]], wining the competition was extremely important, as the winner would be produced extensively for many years to come. Yakovlev's entry in the competition was the Yak-30. Surprisingly, it was the only competitor from within the Soviet Union.
 ==Development==
-The Yak-30 was an all-metal aircraft made entirely from light alloys. It ws designed to be easy and inexpensive to build, the two wing spars being made from pressed-sheet ribs. The simple, elliptical fuselage the pupil and instructor in an unpressurized tandem cockpit. Fuel was limited to 600 liters (132 gallons) in a bag tank in the fuselage above the wing.
+The Yak-30 was an all-metal aircraft made entirely from light alloys. It ws designed to be easy and inexpensive to build, the two wing spars being made from pressed-sheet ribs. The simple, elliptical fuselage housed the pupil and instructor in a single unpressurized tandem cockpit. Fuel was limited to 600 liters (132 gallons) in a bag tank located in the fuselage above the wing.
-The engine was the [[Turmanskii]]-designed RU-19, made specially for the aircraft. Like the rest of the aircraft, it was a simply-designed single shaft turbojet with a seven-stage axial compressor, and rated at 900kg (1,984lbs) thrust. Air was fed to it from very small inlets located in the wing roots, and was discharged directly under the rear fuselage with no jetpipe needed. To ease servicing, the engine could be lowered straight down without disturbing the fuselage.
+The engine was the Turmanskii-designed RU-19, made especially for the aircraft. Like the rest of the aircraft, it was a simply-designed single-shaft turbojet with a seven-stage axial compressor, rated at 900kg (1,984lbs) thrust. Air was fed from very small inlets located in the wing roots, and discharged directly under the rear fuselage with no jetpipe needed. To ease servicing, the engine could be lowered straight down without disturbing the fuselage.
 The tailplane was fixed halfway up the sharply swept fin, and all control surfaces were manually driven by rods which ran down a dorsal spine extending along the upper surface of the aircraft, ending at the rear of the canopy. The long, continuous canopy was of blown [[Plexiglas]], and bulged to give a better view downward. It slid to the rear on long rails. The ejection seats could both be fired by the instructor, while the pupil could fire only his own seat. Both cockpit positions had a complete set of controls.
-The tricycle undercarriage was retractable, with the main units retracting inward, while the steerable nosewheel retracted forward into a bay covered by two doors. Though provisions were made for armament similar to the military version of the single seat [[Yakovlev Yak-32]], no armament was placed on the prototypes.
+The tricycle undercarriage was retractable. The main units retracted inward, while the steerable nosewheel retracted forward into a bay covered by two doors. Though provisions were made for armament similar to the military version of the single seat [[Yakovlev Yak-32]], no armament was placed on the four prototypes.
-Technical manager on the program was K V Sinelshcikov. Chief engineers were V A Shavrin, V G Tsvelov and V P Vlasov
+Technical manager on the program was K V Sinelshcikov. Chief engineers were V A Shavrin, V G Tsvelov and V P Vlasov.
 ==Testing==
@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
 The competition ultimately came down to three aircraft, the rivals being the Czechoslovak [[L-29 Delfin]], and the Polish [[TS-11 Iskra]]. The Iskra was quickly eliminated and sent back to Poland, leaving the Yak-30 in a head-to-head competition with the L-29, in which the Yak design showed slightly better performance, but was hampered by detail problems. In the end, it was decided that the Czechoslovak company needed the work and so the L-29 was chosen in August 1961 to serve as the primary jet trainer for all Soviet and Warsaw Pact nations except for Poland. Immediately after this decision OKB pilot Smirnov set several world records in the Yak-30.
-Tragically, after being chief test pilot of all of Yakovlev's twin-engine jets, Volkov was killed in a Yak-30 in 1965 as a result of an error by a woman pilot.
+Tragically, after being chief test pilot of all of Yakovlev's twin-engine jets, test pilot Volkov was killed in a Yak-30 in 1965 as a result of an error by a woman pilot.
 ==Operators==
@@ Line 118: / Line 118: @@
 * Zasipkin, Yuri; Berne, Lev,  "Politics chose destiny for a plane". Aviation and Cosmonautics
 * "History of plane development in USSR (1951-1965)"
-* Gunston, Bill; Gordon,Yefim, "Yakovlev Aircraft since 1924". Putnam
+* Gunston, Bill. ''Yakovlev Aircraft since 1924''. London, UK: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1997. ISBN 1-55750-978-6.
 * Simakov, Boris, "Soviet planes. 1917-1970"
 * Jakubovich, Nikolay, "Wings of Motherland. Aviation and politics, or how "Dolphin" destroyed Yak-30"
+===Bibliography===
+{{reflist}}
+{{refbegin}}
+* Gunston, Bill. ''Yakovlev Aircraft since 1924''. London, UK: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1997. ISBN 1-55750-978-6.
+{{refend}}
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