Mieszko IV Tanglefoot: Difference between revisions
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==Life== |
==Life== |
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===Exile in Germany=== |
===Exile in Germany=== |
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Since 1146, after the deposition of his father, Mieszko and his family mainly lived in the town of [[Altenburg]] in [[Saxony]], who was granted as a temporal possession to Władysław II by his brother-in-law, King Conrad III of Germany. |
Since 1146, after the deposition of his father, Mieszko and his family mainly lived in the town of [[Altenburg]] in [[Saxony]], who was granted as a temporal possession to Władysław II by his brother-in-law, King Conrad III of Germany. During his time in exile, Mieszko studied in [[Michaelsberg]] and [[Bamberg]]. |
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However, the supposed temporal exile, was, by the deposed High Duke, for good; he died in Altenburg in 1159. His sons continue the fight for recover their inheritance, and finally three years later, in 1163, and thanks to the intervention of the Emperor [[Frederick Barbarossa]], Mieszko and his older brother [[Bolesław I the Tall]] returned to [[Silesia]]. |
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| ⚫ | Mieszko |
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===Duke of Racibórz=== |
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| ⚫ | Mieszko and Bolesław I the Tall co-ruled the Duchy of [[Wrocław]] during 1163–1173. At first, their rule did not extend over the major Silesian cities, which remained under control of [[Bolesław IV the Curly]], the current [[High Duke of Poland]]. The brothers have retaken them in year 1165, taking advantage of Bolesław IV's involvement in crusade against the Prussians. |
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However, soon Mieszko began his efforts to obtain his own Duchy, maybe in part because his older brother Bolesław take all the government into his hands and leave little participation to Mieszko there. In 1172, Mieszko began the open rebellion against his brother; also, he supported Bolesław's eldest son, [[Jarosław, Duke of Opole|Jarosław]], who was forced to became a priest thanks to the intrigues of his stepmother Christina, who wished that her sons were the only heirs. The rebellion was a complete surprise to Bolesław, who was forced to escape to [[Erfurt]], Germany. However, the intervention of the Emperor favored the return of Bolesław soon afterwards, but he was forced to give his own separated lands to both Mieszko (who received the towns of [[Racibórz]] and [[Cieszyn]]) and Jarosław (who received [[Opole]]). |
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===Bytom and Oświęcim=== |
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In 1177 Mieszko supported his uncle and namesake [[Mieszko III the Old]] when he had to fight for mantain his rule over the Duchy of [[Kraków]]; this reanuded again the disputes between him and Bolesław I the Tall, who wished to obtain the Duchy and with this the Seniorate. However, Bolesław suffered an unexpected defeat by Mieszko and his own son Jarosław, who distracted him to advanced over Kraków; in his place, was his younger uncle and ally, [[Casimir II the Just]], who captured the city and was proclamed the new High Duke of Poland. Mieszko III the Old found himself in exile in Racibórz and it seemed that the war between Mieszko Tanglefoot and Casimir II the Just was now just a matter of time. Casimir II, however, went a different route and, in order to gain the favor of the Duke of Racibórz given him the towns of [[Oświęcim]] and [[Bytom]] (with the fortress of Oświęcim, Bytom, [[Mikołów]], [[Siewierz]] and [[Pszczyna]], although some historians estimate that these fortress were belonged to Mieszko only since 1179). By the other hand, Bolesław the Tall suffered a further diminution of his authority when was compelled to give [[Głogów]] to his youngest brother [[Konrad Spindleshanks|Konrad]], who recently returned from Germany and claim his part over the Silesian inheritance. |
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===The Battle of Mozgawą=== |
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In 1195 Mieszko and his nephew Jarosław supported Mieszko III the Old in his new attempt to recover Kraków and the Seniorate. The death of Casimir II the Just and the minority of his sons given them the opportunity to attack; however, the Lesser Poland nobility supported Casimir II's sons |
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He had several daughters and one son, [[Kazimierz I of Opole]]. |
He had several daughters and one son, [[Kazimierz I of Opole]]. |
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Mieszko I Tanglefoot (Polish: Mieszko I Plątonogi; b. ca. 1130 – d. 16 May 1211), was a Duke of Silesia during 1163-1173 (with his brother as co-ruler), Duke of Racibórz since 1173, Duke of Opole since 1202 and from 9 June 1210 Duke of Kraków and High Duke of Poland.
He was the second son of Władysław II the Exile by his wife Agnes of Babenberg, daughter of Margrave Leopold III of Austria and half-sister of King Conrad III of Germany.
His nickname "Tanglefoot" (Plątonogi) appeared in the early chronicles of the 14th and 15th centuries. By the year 1192 was written: "Cracovia civitas est devastate a Mescone loripede dicto Platonogi nepote ducis Kazimiriensis Filio Wladislai exulis" ("Monumenta Poloniae Historica," edd. Bielowski August, t.II, Lviv 1872, s.876). This is the oldest preserved record of the Mieszko's nickname in the form of "Plątonogi".
Life
Exile in Germany
Since 1146, after the deposition of his father, Mieszko and his family mainly lived in the town of Altenburg in Saxony, who was granted as a temporal possession to Władysław II by his brother-in-law, King Conrad III of Germany. During his time in exile, Mieszko studied in Michaelsberg and Bamberg.
However, the supposed temporal exile, was, by the deposed High Duke, for good; he died in Altenburg in 1159. His sons continue the fight for recover their inheritance, and finally three years later, in 1163, and thanks to the intervention of the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, Mieszko and his older brother Bolesław I the Tall returned to Silesia.
Duke of Racibórz
Mieszko and Bolesław I the Tall co-ruled the Duchy of Wrocław during 1163–1173. At first, their rule did not extend over the major Silesian cities, which remained under control of Bolesław IV the Curly, the current High Duke of Poland. The brothers have retaken them in year 1165, taking advantage of Bolesław IV's involvement in crusade against the Prussians.
However, soon Mieszko began his efforts to obtain his own Duchy, maybe in part because his older brother Bolesław take all the government into his hands and leave little participation to Mieszko there. In 1172, Mieszko began the open rebellion against his brother; also, he supported Bolesław's eldest son, Jarosław, who was forced to became a priest thanks to the intrigues of his stepmother Christina, who wished that her sons were the only heirs. The rebellion was a complete surprise to Bolesław, who was forced to escape to Erfurt, Germany. However, the intervention of the Emperor favored the return of Bolesław soon afterwards, but he was forced to give his own separated lands to both Mieszko (who received the towns of Racibórz and Cieszyn) and Jarosław (who received Opole).
Bytom and Oświęcim
In 1177 Mieszko supported his uncle and namesake Mieszko III the Old when he had to fight for mantain his rule over the Duchy of Kraków; this reanuded again the disputes between him and Bolesław I the Tall, who wished to obtain the Duchy and with this the Seniorate. However, Bolesław suffered an unexpected defeat by Mieszko and his own son Jarosław, who distracted him to advanced over Kraków; in his place, was his younger uncle and ally, Casimir II the Just, who captured the city and was proclamed the new High Duke of Poland. Mieszko III the Old found himself in exile in Racibórz and it seemed that the war between Mieszko Tanglefoot and Casimir II the Just was now just a matter of time. Casimir II, however, went a different route and, in order to gain the favor of the Duke of Racibórz given him the towns of Oświęcim and Bytom (with the fortress of Oświęcim, Bytom, Mikołów, Siewierz and Pszczyna, although some historians estimate that these fortress were belonged to Mieszko only since 1179). By the other hand, Bolesław the Tall suffered a further diminution of his authority when was compelled to give Głogów to his youngest brother Konrad, who recently returned from Germany and claim his part over the Silesian inheritance.
The Battle of Mozgawą
In 1195 Mieszko and his nephew Jarosław supported Mieszko III the Old in his new attempt to recover Kraków and the Seniorate. The death of Casimir II the Just and the minority of his sons given them the opportunity to attack; however, the Lesser Poland nobility supported Casimir II's sons
After death of Bolesław the Tall, Mieszko successfully fought against Henry the Bearded for the control over duchy of Opole, which he ruled from 1202 (as Mieszko I Tanglefoot).
He had several daughters and one son, Kazimierz I of Opole.
See also
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