Catholic Church in Kazakhstan: Difference between revisions
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With the fall of communism in 1991, the Catholic community fully came back out into the open.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Union of Catholic Asian News| title=KAZAKHSTAN Greek Catholic Church Gets First Locally Ordained Priest|date=[[2007-07-04]]| url=http://www.ucanews.com/2007/07/04/greek-catholic-church-gets-first-locally-ordained-priest/|accessdate=2008-11-18}}</ref> Diplomatic relations between the Holy See and Kazakhstan were established in 1994.<ref name="numbers"/> In 1991, [[Pope John Paul II]] established an [[Apostolic Administration]] that covered all of [[Central Asia]].<ref name="changes"/> In 1997, the other four countries of the region, Krgystan, Tajikistan, Turmenistan, and Uzbekistan all became independent missions, so the Apostolic Administration became for all of Kazakhstan and was based in [[Karaganda]].<ref name="changes"/> In 1999, the apostolic administration was split in four; three new apostolic administrations were created, based in Almaty, Astana, and Atyrau, and a diocese was created in Karaganda.<ref name="changes">{{cite web|publisher=Union of Catholic Asian News| title=KAZAKHSTAN POPE ERECTS NEW DIOCESE, THREE APOSTOLIC ADMINISTRATIONS|date=[[1999-08-18]]| url=http://www.ucanews.com/1999/08/18/pope-erects-new-diocese-three-apostolic-administrations/|accessdate=2008-11-18}}</ref> [[Pope John Paul II]] became the first Pope to visit Kazakhstan in the countries history in 2001.<ref>{{cite web|author=Zenit Staff| title=Two New Dioceses Erected in Kazakhstan|publisher=[[Zenit News Agency]]|date=[[2003-05-18]]| url=http://www.zenit.org/article-7284?l=english|accessdate=2008-11-18}}</ref> In 2006, Catholic priests were ordained for the first time ever in the country.<ref>{{cite web|title=KAZAKHSTAN First Priestly Ordination Ceremony Held On Kazakh Soil|publisher=Union of Catholic Asian News|date=[[2006-06-12]]| url=http://www.ucanews.com/2006/06/12/first-priestly-ordination-ceremony-held-on-kazakh-soil/|accessdate=2008-11-18}}</ref> |
With the fall of communism in 1991, the Catholic community fully came back out into the open.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Union of Catholic Asian News| title=KAZAKHSTAN Greek Catholic Church Gets First Locally Ordained Priest|date=[[2007-07-04]]| url=http://www.ucanews.com/2007/07/04/greek-catholic-church-gets-first-locally-ordained-priest/|accessdate=2008-11-18}}</ref> Diplomatic relations between the Holy See and Kazakhstan were established in 1994.<ref name="numbers"/> In 1991, [[Pope John Paul II]] established an [[Apostolic Administration]] that covered all of [[Central Asia]].<ref name="changes"/> In 1997, the other four countries of the region, Krgystan, Tajikistan, Turmenistan, and Uzbekistan all became independent missions, so the Apostolic Administration became for all of Kazakhstan and was based in [[Karaganda]].<ref name="changes"/> In 1999, the apostolic administration was split in four; three new apostolic administrations were created, based in Almaty, Astana, and Atyrau, and a diocese was created in Karaganda.<ref name="changes">{{cite web|publisher=Union of Catholic Asian News| title=KAZAKHSTAN POPE ERECTS NEW DIOCESE, THREE APOSTOLIC ADMINISTRATIONS|date=[[1999-08-18]]| url=http://www.ucanews.com/1999/08/18/pope-erects-new-diocese-three-apostolic-administrations/|accessdate=2008-11-18}}</ref> [[Pope John Paul II]] became the first Pope to visit Kazakhstan in the countries history in 2001.<ref>{{cite web|author=Zenit Staff| title=Two New Dioceses Erected in Kazakhstan|publisher=[[Zenit News Agency]]|date=[[2003-05-18]]| url=http://www.zenit.org/article-7284?l=english|accessdate=2008-11-18}}</ref> In 2006, Catholic priests were ordained for the first time ever in the country.<ref>{{cite web|title=KAZAKHSTAN First Priestly Ordination Ceremony Held On Kazakh Soil|publisher=Union of Catholic Asian News|date=[[2006-06-12]]| url=http://www.ucanews.com/2006/06/12/first-priestly-ordination-ceremony-held-on-kazakh-soil/|accessdate=2008-11-18}}</ref> In 2003, John Paul II elevated Astana to an archdiocese and Almaty to a diocese.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Union of Catholic Asian News| title=KAZAKHSTAN Bishop Schneider Installed, First Auxiliary Bishop In Central Asia|date=[[2006-08-01]]| url=http://www.ucanews.com/2006/08/01/bishop-schneider-installed-first-auxiliary-bishop-in-central-asia/|accessdate=2008-11-19}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 19:28, 19 November 2008
 | This article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. (November 2008) |
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2007) |
The Roman Catholic Church in Kazakhstan is part of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope and Curia in Rome.
Demographics
There are approximately 250,000 Catholics in Kazakhstan out of a population of 15 million.[1] Most Catholics in the country are ethnic Poles, Germans and Lithuanians.[2] There are also 3,000 Greek Catholics in the country.[2] The population of Catholics decreased after the fall of communism as many German Catholics returned to Germany.[2]
History
In the second century AD, Christian Roman prisoners of war were taken to what is now Kazakhstan after their defeat by the Sassanid Persians.[1] A bishops see existed in the fourth century, and there was also a Melkite monastery in the late fourth and early fifth centuries.[1]
In 1307, Pope Clement V sent seven friars having the rank of bishop, who were to consecrate John of Montecorvino as "Archbishop of Cambaluc and Primate of the Far East"; only Andrew of Perugia, Gerard, and Peregrinus reached China in 1308 and consecrated John of Montecorvino; a Bishopric was erected at Zaitun in Fujian, which was occupied in turn by Gerard (d. 1313), Peregrinus (d. 1322), and Andrew of Perugia; John of Montecorvino died in 1333 and was succeeded by Nicholas, a theologian from Paris, who arrived in China with twenty-six friars and six lay brothers.[citation needed] A mission was also created at Ili-baluc in Central Asia with Richard of Burgundy as its bishop, but it was later destroyed.[citation needed]
A Vatican source has basically the same information, but the name of the Bishop is slightly different: The Catholic community here (in Kazakhstan) existed as early as 1300 when a diocese was entrusted to the care of Franciscan friar Henry of Bourgogne, who was later martyred with the entire Catholic community.[citation needed] The see of the "Ili-baluc" diocese was in Almaliq, (later known as Kuldja, present-day Yining) in the upper part of the Ili valley, and today in Western China.[citation needed] Later, from 1888 until 1922, the Catholic Mission in today's Xinjiang in China ("Eastern Turkestan" / "Chinese Turkestan") was called the I-li Mission. It also had Kuldja/Yining at its centre.[citation needed]
Communist period
Head of the Soviet Union Joseph Stalin caused a great increase in the Catholic population of Kazakhstan by the deportation of Catholics and their clergy to concentration camps in the country. Some of the priests later decided to help build the church in that country.[1]
In 1978, the government began to relax its anti-religious rules and faithful began to re-emerge.[citation needed]
1991 to the present
With the fall of communism in 1991, the Catholic community fully came back out into the open.[3] Diplomatic relations between the Holy See and Kazakhstan were established in 1994.[1] In 1991, Pope John Paul II established an Apostolic Administration that covered all of Central Asia.[4] In 1997, the other four countries of the region, Krgystan, Tajikistan, Turmenistan, and Uzbekistan all became independent missions, so the Apostolic Administration became for all of Kazakhstan and was based in Karaganda.[4] In 1999, the apostolic administration was split in four; three new apostolic administrations were created, based in Almaty, Astana, and Atyrau, and a diocese was created in Karaganda.[4] Pope John Paul II became the first Pope to visit Kazakhstan in the countries history in 2001.[5] In 2006, Catholic priests were ordained for the first time ever in the country.[6] In 2003, John Paul II elevated Astana to an archdiocese and Almaty to a diocese.[7]
References
- ^ a b c d e "Church in Kazakhstan Affirms Asiatic Identity". Zenit News Agency. 2008-04-17. Retrieved 2008-11-18.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ a b c "KAZAKHSTAN UCAN Interview - Chairman Of Kazakhstan's Bishops Hopes For Local Vocations". Union of Catholic Asian News. 2007-12-26. Retrieved 2008-11-19.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ "KAZAKHSTAN Greek Catholic Church Gets First Locally Ordained Priest". Union of Catholic Asian News. 2007-07-04. Retrieved 2008-11-18.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ a b c "KAZAKHSTAN POPE ERECTS NEW DIOCESE, THREE APOSTOLIC ADMINISTRATIONS". Union of Catholic Asian News. 1999-08-18. Retrieved 2008-11-18.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Zenit Staff (2003-05-18). "Two New Dioceses Erected in Kazakhstan". Zenit News Agency. Retrieved 2008-11-18.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ "KAZAKHSTAN First Priestly Ordination Ceremony Held On Kazakh Soil". Union of Catholic Asian News. 2006-06-12. Retrieved 2008-11-18.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ "KAZAKHSTAN Bishop Schneider Installed, First Auxiliary Bishop In Central Asia". Union of Catholic Asian News. 2006-08-01. Retrieved 2008-11-19.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)
External links
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| States with limited recognition | |
| Dependencies and other entities | |
