Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz: Difference between revisions
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| place of burial = [[Herrenhausen]] Palace, [[Kingdom of Hanover|Hanover]] |
| place of burial = [[Herrenhausen]] Palace, [[Kingdom of Hanover|Hanover]] |
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Duchess '''Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz''' ([[3 March]] [[1778]] – [[29 June]] [[1841]]), Duchess of Cumberland and later Queen of Hanover, was the consort of [[Ernest Augustus I of Hanover]], the fifth son and eighth child of [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]] and [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Queen Charlotte]]. |
Duchess '''Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz''' (full name: ''Frederica Louise Caroline Sophie Charlotte Alexandrine'') (b. [[3 March]] [[1778]] – d. [[29 June]] [[1841]]), Duchess of Cumberland and later Queen of Hanover, was the consort of [[Ernest Augustus I of Hanover]], the fifth son and eighth child of [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]] and [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Queen Charlotte]]. |
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| ⚫ | ''Her Highness'' '''Duchess Frederica of [[Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]''' was born in the ''Alten Palais'' of [[Hanover]] as the fifth daughter of [[Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Charles II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]] and his first wife, [[Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt|Frederica]], daughter of [[George William, Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt]]. |
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Her father assumed the title of Grand Duke of Mecklenburg on [[18 June]] [[1815]]. Duchess Frederica was the niece of her future mother-in-law, Queen Charlotte (formerly Duchess [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]). |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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Frederica's mother died in [[1782]], after giving birth her tenth child. Two years later ([[1784]]), her father remarried with the younger sister of his deceased wife, [[Charlotte of Hesse-Darmstadt]], but this union ended only one year later, when Charlotte died of complications resulting from childbirth in [[December]] [[1785]]. Again a widower, Duke Charles think he can't give his daughters a properly care and education; for this, he send Frederica and her older sister sisters [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Duchess of Saxe-Altenburg|Charlotte]], [[Therese of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Duchess of Saxe-Altenburg|Therese]] and [[Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Louise]] with their mater grandmother [[Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg]], called ''Princess George'' (in allusion to [[Landgrave George William of Hesse-Darmstadt|her later husband]], the second son of [[Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt]]). She was a warm and cheerful person; specially to Louise and Frederica -the younger sister- she was the only mother who really knew. The Princess George's choice of the swiss teacher [[Salomé de Gélieu]] should prove a good one. |
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| ⚫ | ''Her Highness'' '''Duchess Frederica of [[Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]''' was born in [[Hanover]] |
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==First marriage== |
==First marriage== |
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In [[Frankfurt-am-Main]] on [[14 March]] [[1793]], the Princesses of Mecklenburg-Strelitz "coincidentally" knew in the Prussian Theatre the [[Frederick William II of Prussia|King Frederick William II]], who was inmediately cautivated by the grace and charm of Frederica and her sister Louise. Some weeks later, Frederica and Louise's father began the marriage negociations with the King: Louise with the [[Frederick William III of Prussia|Crown Prince Frederick William]] and Frederica with his younger brother [[Prince Louis Charles of Prussia|Frederick Louis Karl]]''' (called '''Prince Louis''', b. [[5 November]] [[1773]]). The double engagement was celebrated in [[Darmstadt]] on [[24 April]]. On [[24 December]] Louise and the Crown Prince were married in the Royal Palace of [[Berlin]]; two days later, on [[26 December]] Frederica and the Prince Louis were also married in the same place. |
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Duchess Frederica married firstly ''His Royal Highness'' '''[[Prince Louis Charles of Prussia]]''' (called '''Prince Ludwig''', [[5 November]] [[1773]]-[[23 December]] [[1796]]), the younger son of [[Frederick William II of Prussia]], on [[26 December]] [[1793]], at the Royal Palace, Berlin. This marriage was dissolved in 1796. |
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Louise and the Crown Prince had a happy marriage, but Frederica not. Her husband preferred the company of his mistresses and neglected her; in response, the humiliated wife apparently began an affair with his husband's uncle [[Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (1772–1806)|Prince Louis Ferdinand]], bu these cannot be proved. |
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In [[1795]] the King Frederick William II appointed Louis as a Chief of the Dragoons Regiment No 1, who was stationed in [[Schwedt]], but one year, in [[1796]] he fell ill with [[diphteria]] which he succumbed [[23 December]] of that year. Frederica and her three children moved to the [[Schönhausen Palace]] near Berlin. In [[1797]] her cousin [[Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge]] -fifth son of [[King George III of the United Kingdom|King George III of Great Britain]] by his wife Queen Charlotte (Frederica's paternal aunt)- were unofficially engaged. The Duke of Cambridge asked the consent of his father to the marriage, but the King, under the pressure of his wife, refused. |
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==Second marriage== |
==Second marriage== |
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Revision as of 04:53, 17 September 2008
Template:Infobox Hanoverian Royalty Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (full name: Frederica Louise Caroline Sophie Charlotte Alexandrine) (b. 3 March 1778 – d. 29 June 1841), Duchess of Cumberland and later Queen of Hanover, was the consort of Ernest Augustus I of Hanover, the fifth son and eighth child of George III and Queen Charlotte.
Her Highness Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was born in the Alten Palais of Hanover as the fifth daughter of Charles II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and his first wife, Frederica, daughter of George William, Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt.
Her father assumed the title of Grand Duke of Mecklenburg on 18 June 1815. Duchess Frederica was the niece of her future mother-in-law, Queen Charlotte (formerly Duchess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz).
Early life
Frederica's mother died in 1782, after giving birth her tenth child. Two years later (1784), her father remarried with the younger sister of his deceased wife, Charlotte of Hesse-Darmstadt, but this union ended only one year later, when Charlotte died of complications resulting from childbirth in December 1785. Again a widower, Duke Charles think he can't give his daughters a properly care and education; for this, he send Frederica and her older sister sisters Charlotte, Therese and Louise with their mater grandmother Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg, called Princess George (in allusion to her later husband, the second son of Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt). She was a warm and cheerful person; specially to Louise and Frederica -the younger sister- she was the only mother who really knew. The Princess George's choice of the swiss teacher Salomé de Gélieu should prove a good one.
First marriage
In Frankfurt-am-Main on 14 March 1793, the Princesses of Mecklenburg-Strelitz "coincidentally" knew in the Prussian Theatre the King Frederick William II, who was inmediately cautivated by the grace and charm of Frederica and her sister Louise. Some weeks later, Frederica and Louise's father began the marriage negociations with the King: Louise with the Crown Prince Frederick William and Frederica with his younger brother Frederick Louis Karl (called Prince Louis, b. 5 November 1773). The double engagement was celebrated in Darmstadt on 24 April. On 24 December Louise and the Crown Prince were married in the Royal Palace of Berlin; two days later, on 26 December Frederica and the Prince Louis were also married in the same place.
Louise and the Crown Prince had a happy marriage, but Frederica not. Her husband preferred the company of his mistresses and neglected her; in response, the humiliated wife apparently began an affair with his husband's uncle Prince Louis Ferdinand, bu these cannot be proved.
In 1795 the King Frederick William II appointed Louis as a Chief of the Dragoons Regiment No 1, who was stationed in Schwedt, but one year, in 1796 he fell ill with diphteria which he succumbed 23 December of that year. Frederica and her three children moved to the Schönhausen Palace near Berlin. In 1797 her cousin Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge -fifth son of King George III of Great Britain by his wife Queen Charlotte (Frederica's paternal aunt)- were unofficially engaged. The Duke of Cambridge asked the consent of his father to the marriage, but the King, under the pressure of his wife, refused.
Second marriage
She then married His Serene Highness Frederick William, Prince of Solms-Braunfels (22 October 1770-13 April 1814) on 10 December 1798 at Berlin.
Third marriage
Fourteen months after her second husband's death, she was married for a third time on 29 May 1815 at the parish church of Neustrelitz, Germany, and again on 29 August 1815 at Carlton House, London to His Royal Highness The Prince Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland.
The marriage was bitterly opposed by Queen Charlotte, who would refuse to receive her daughter in law/niece, and who died unreconciled to her in 1818.
Queen of Hanover
The Duchess of Cumberland became Queen of Hanover upon the ascension of her third husband to the Hanoverian throne on 20 June 1837. Queen Frederica of Hanover died in 1841 at Hanover and was buried in the Chapel at Schloss Herrenhausen.
Titles, styles, honours and arms
Titles and styles
- 3 March 1778 – 26 December 1793: Her Highness Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- 26 December 1793 – 1796: Her Royal Highness Princess Frederick Louis of Prussia
- 1796 – 10 December 1798: Her Highness Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- 10 December 1798 – 29 August 1815: Her Highness The Princess of Solms-Braunfels
- 29 August 1815 – 29 June 1841: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cumberland and Teviotdale
- 20 June 1837 – 29 June 1841: Her Majesty Queen Frederica of Hanover, Duchess of Cumberland and Teviotdale
Issue
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| By HRH Prince Frederick Louis of Prussia (married 29 December 1793; dissolved 1796) | |||
| Prince Frederick Wilhelm Ludwig of Prussia | 30 October 1794 | 27 July 1863 | married, 1817, Princess Louise of Anhalt-Bernburg |
| Prince Frederick Wilhelm Charles George of Prussia | 26 September 1795 | 6 April 1798 | |
| Princess Fredericka Wilhelmina Luise Amalie of Prussia | 30 September 1796 | 1 January 1850 | married, 1818, Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt |
| By HSH Frederick William, Prince of Solms-Braunfels (married 10 December 1798; he died 13 April 1814) | |||
| Princess Sophia of Solms-Braunfels | 27 February 1799 | 20 October 1799 | |
| Prince Frederick William of Solms-Braunfels | 11 September 1800 | 14 September 1800 | |
| Prince Frederick Wilhelm Heinrich Casimir Georg Karl Maximilian of Solms-Braunfels | 13 December 1801 | 12 September 1868 | married, 1831, Countess Maria Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau |
| Princess Augusta Luise Therese Matilda of Solms-Braunfels | 25 July 1804 | 8 October 1865 | married, 1827, Albert, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt |
| Unnamed Stillborn Daughter | 1805 | 1805 | |
| Prince Alexander Frederick of Solms-Braunfels | 12 March 1807 | 20 February 1867 | married, 1863, Princess Louise of Landsberg-Velen |
| Prince Frederick Wilhelm Ludwig Georg Karl Alfred Alexander of Solms-Braunfels | 27 July 1812 | 13 November 1875 | married, 1845, Princess Sophie of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg |
| By HRH Prince Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland (later HM King Ernest Augustus I of Hanover) (married 29 May 1815) | |||
| Princess Fredericka of Cumberland | 27 January 1817 | January 27 1817 | stillborn |
| Unnamed stillborn daughter | April 1818 | April 1818 | |
| George V of Hanover | 27 May 1819 | 12 June 1878 | married, 1843, Marie of Saxe-Altenburg; had issue |
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