Jain temples, Pavagadh: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox religious building |
{{Infobox religious building |
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| religious_affiliation = [[Jainism]] |
| religious_affiliation = [[Jainism]] |
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| sect = [[Digambara |
| sect = [[Digambara]] |
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| image = File:Jain Temple, Pavagadh (cropped).jpg |
| image = File:Jain Temple, Pavagadh (cropped).jpg |
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| alt = Pavagadh Jain temples |
| alt = Pavagadh Jain temples |
Revision as of 08:21, 18 June 2024
Jain temples, Pavagadh | |
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Religion | |
Affiliation | Jainism |
Sect | Digambara |
Deity | Rishabhanatha, Parshvanatha, Chandraprabha, Suparshvanatha |
Festivals | Mahavir Janma Kalyanak |
Location | |
Location | Pavagadh, Gujarat |
Geographic coordinates | 22°29′05″N 73°32′02″E / 22.48472°N 73.53389°E |
Architecture | |
Creator | Vastupala minister of the Solanki Vaghela ruler of Gujaratra |
Date established | 13th century |
Temple(s) | 7 on Hill (Digambars) 2 in Town, 1 in town (Shwetambars) |
Official name: Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park | |
Criteria | Cultural: (iii)(iv)(v)(vi) |
Designated | 2004 (session) |
Reference no. | 1101 |
Jain temples, Pavagadh is a group of seven Jain temples located in Pavagadh Hill in the state of Gujarat. These temples are part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park.
Jain tradition
Pavagadh hill is considered one of the four sacred regions where moksha can be attained.[1]
History
This was a Jain pilgrimage. There were several attempts to destroy evidences of its Jain heritage. However, a court ordered against destruction of facts and heritage. Its Jain history dates back to 3rd century BC.[2][3]
Temples
The Pavagadh temples are famous for their architecture and are also part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park.[4][5][6] Pavagadh has three Jain temples complexes that includes a total of seven Jain temples, a dharamshala and an old-age home.[1] The three Jain complexes are Bavanderi or Naulakhi temples, Chandraprabha and Suparshvanatha temple and group around Parshvanatha temple. Bavanderi Naulakhi temples are the ruins of subsidiary shrines of a once large Chaumukhi temple with entrances in four cardinal direction. The pillars inside the temple having carvings that bear a resemblance to Luna Vasahi. Chandraprabha and Suparshvanatha temples are two small temples built near Kalika Mata temple. Parshvanatha temple is the main temple in this group and is surrounded by ruins of small temples.[7]
These temples are visited by over 22 lakh visitors annually with 1 lakh devotees visiting daily during navaratri fair.[8][9][4]
Issues and Controversy
On June 16, 2024, an incident of severe vandalism was reported to have happened on the hill. Several Tirthankara idols at the sides of the staircase on the old path to reach the Kalika Mata shrine were desecrated and broken down. Jain monk Jinpremvijaya spearheaded a peaceful but powerful protest at the local collector's office where local Jains turned up in huge numbers. The protest is said to have begun at the evening of June 16, 2024 and went on overnight into June 17, 2024. Most desecrated idols were over 400 years old, some even ancient and belonged exclusively to the Svetambara sect.[10][11][12]
Gallery
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Svetambara idol on Pavagadh hills
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Svetambara idol on Pavagadh hills
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Svetambara idol on Pavagadh hills
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Carving of Jain Tirthankara on wall
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Main vedi Parshvanatha temple
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Chandraprabha temple
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Suparshvanatha temple, the largest Jain temple on Pavagadh hill
See also
References
Citation
- ^ a b Ruggles & Silverman 2009, p. 84.
- ^ Krause, Charlotte. "Ancient Jaina Hymns". jainqq.org. Retrieved 2024-06-17.
- ^ Shah, Ramnik. "Jainism by Vividus".
- ^ a b Desai 2007, p. 177.
- ^ UNESCO 2004.
- ^ O'Donnell 2004, p. 51.
- ^ Sompura 1968, pp. 218–219.
- ^ ASI 2004, p. 60.
- ^ Abram et al. 2013, p. 678.
- ^ "Age-old Jain idols removed by Pavagadh authorities, community protests". english.gujaratsamachar.com. Retrieved 2024-06-17.
- ^ DeshGujarat (2024-06-17). "Jain community protests removal of Tirthankar idols from stairs of Pavagadh". DeshGujarat. Retrieved 2024-06-17.
- ^ "x.com". X (formerly Twitter). Retrieved 2024-06-17.
Source
Book
- Abram, David; Edwards, Nick; Ford, Mike; Jacobs, Daniel; Meghji, Shafik; Sen, Devdan; Thomas, Gavin (2013). The Rough Guide to India. Rough Guides. ISBN 9781409342618.
- Desai, Anjali H. (2007). India Guide Gujarat. India Guide Publications. ISBN 978-0-9789517-0-2.
- Ruggles, D. Fairchild; Silverman, Helaine (2009). Intangible Heritage Embodied. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law. Springer Science & Business Media. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0072-2. ISBN 978-1-4419-0072-2.
- Sompura, Kantilal F. (1968). The Structural Temples of Gujarat, Upto 1600 A.D. Vol. 4. Gujarat University.
Web
- O'Donnell, Patricia M. (2004). "Learning from World Heritage: Lessons from 'International Preservation & Stewardship of Cultural & Ecological Landscapes of Global Significance', the 7th US/ICOMOS International Symposium". The George Wright Forum. 21 (3). George Wright Society: 41–61. JSTOR 43597911. Retrieved 22 June 2022.
- Shukla, Shubhlakshmi (10 March 2009). "ASI to restore 12th century Jain temple at Panchmahals soon". The Indian Express.
- "Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park" (PDF). Archaeological Survey of India. 7 July 2004.
- "Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park". UNESCO. 2004.
External links
Media related to Jain temples on the Pavagad hill at Wikimedia Commons