Dolichocephaly: Difference between revisions
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Dolichocephalic dogs (such as the [[Lurcher]] or [[German Shepherd]]) have elongated noses. This makes them vulnerable to fungal diseases of the nose such as [[aspergillosis]].<ref name="Canine Sinonasal Aspergillosis">{{cite journal|last1=Ferreira|first1=Rafael|title=Canine Sinonasal Aspergillosis|journal=Acta Scientiae Veterinariae |date=2011 |volume=39 |issue=4 |page=1009 |url=http://www.ufrgs.br/actavet/39-4/PUB%201009.pdf|access-date=28 December 2014|display-authors=etal}}</ref> In humans the anterior–posterior diameter (length) of dolichocephaly head is more than the transverse diameter (width).{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}} |
Dolichocephalic dogs (such as the [[Lurcher]] or [[German Shepherd]]) have elongated noses. This makes them vulnerable to fungal diseases of the nose such as [[aspergillosis]].<ref name="Canine Sinonasal Aspergillosis">{{cite journal|last1=Ferreira|first1=Rafael|title=Canine Sinonasal Aspergillosis|journal=Acta Scientiae Veterinariae |date=2011 |volume=39 |issue=4 |page=1009 |url=http://www.ufrgs.br/actavet/39-4/PUB%201009.pdf|access-date=28 December 2014|display-authors=etal}}</ref> In humans the anterior–posterior diameter (length) of dolichocephaly head is more than the transverse diameter (width).{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}} |
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Dolichocephaly can sometimes be a symptom of [[Sensenbrenner syndrome]], [[Crouzon syndrome]], [[Sotos syndrome]],<ref name="pmid16636621">{{cite journal |vauthors=Park SW, Park MS, Hwang JS, Shin YS, Yoon SH |title=A case of Sotos syndrome with subduroperitoneal shunt |journal=Pediatr Neurosurg |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=174–179 |year=2006 |pmid=16636621 |doi=10.1159/000091863 |s2cid=12057084 |url=http://content.karger.com/produktedb/produkte.asp?typ=fulltext&file=PNE2006042003174}}</ref> [[Congenital Muscle Fiber-Type Disproportion|CMFTD]]<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Kliegman|first1=Robert M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LJuRDwAAQBAJ&dq=cmftd&pg=PA3373|title=Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics E-Book|last2=Geme|first2=Joseph St|date=2019-04-01|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-323-56888-3|language=en}}</ref> and [[Marfan syndrome]]. However, it also occurs non-pathologically as a result of normal variation between human populations. The standards for denoting dolichocephaly are derived from Caucasian anatomy norms, and thus describing dolichocephaly as a medical condition may not reflect the diversity in different human populations.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=e09c1185a1ef3e38|title=Dolichocephaly |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=National Human Genome Research Institute}}</ref> For example, dolichocephaly is typical for Australian aborigines and native |
Dolichocephaly can sometimes be a symptom of [[Sensenbrenner syndrome]], [[Crouzon syndrome]], [[Sotos syndrome]],<ref name="pmid16636621">{{cite journal |vauthors=Park SW, Park MS, Hwang JS, Shin YS, Yoon SH |title=A case of Sotos syndrome with subduroperitoneal shunt |journal=Pediatr Neurosurg |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=174–179 |year=2006 |pmid=16636621 |doi=10.1159/000091863 |s2cid=12057084 |url=http://content.karger.com/produktedb/produkte.asp?typ=fulltext&file=PNE2006042003174}}</ref> [[Congenital Muscle Fiber-Type Disproportion|CMFTD]]<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Kliegman|first1=Robert M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LJuRDwAAQBAJ&dq=cmftd&pg=PA3373|title=Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics E-Book|last2=Geme|first2=Joseph St|date=2019-04-01|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-323-56888-3|language=en}}</ref> and [[Marfan syndrome]]. However, it also occurs non-pathologically as a result of normal variation between human populations. The standards for denoting dolichocephaly are derived from Caucasian anatomy norms, and thus describing dolichocephaly as a medical condition may not reflect the diversity in different human populations.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=e09c1185a1ef3e38|title=Dolichocephaly |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=National Human Genome Research Institute}}</ref> For example, dolichocephaly is typical for Australian aborigines and native Africans.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dolichocephaly|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/dolichocephaly |access-date=2023-09-19 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> |
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In anthropology, human populations have been characterized as either dolichocephalic (long-headed), [[mesocephalic]] (moderate-headed), or [[brachycephalic]] (short-headed). The usefulness of the cephalic index was questioned by [[Giuseppe Sergi]], who argued that cranial morphology provided a better means to model racial ancestry.<ref>{{cite thesis|author=K. Killgrove |year=2005 |title=Bioarchaeology in the Roman World |type=thesis|publisher=UNC Chapel Hill |url=http://www.piki.org/~kristina/Killgrove-2005-classics.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328162246/http://www.piki.org/~kristina/Killgrove-2005-classics.pdf |archivedate=28 March 2012 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }}</ref> |
In anthropology, human populations have been characterized as either dolichocephalic (long-headed), [[mesocephalic]] (moderate-headed), or [[brachycephalic]] (short-headed). The usefulness of the cephalic index was questioned by [[Giuseppe Sergi]], who argued that cranial morphology provided a better means to model racial ancestry.<ref>{{cite thesis|author=K. Killgrove |year=2005 |title=Bioarchaeology in the Roman World |type=thesis|publisher=UNC Chapel Hill |url=http://www.piki.org/~kristina/Killgrove-2005-classics.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328162246/http://www.piki.org/~kristina/Killgrove-2005-classics.pdf |archivedate=28 March 2012 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }}</ref> |
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Revision as of 22:36, 8 May 2024
| Dolichocephaly | |
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| Dolichocephaly (scaphocephaly) in a 10-year-old | |
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| Dolichocephalic head shape of Lurcher-type dogs | |
| Specialty | Medical genetics  |
Dolichocephaly (derived from the Ancient Greek δολιχός 'long' and κεφαλή 'head') is a term used to describe a head that is longer than average relative to its width. In humans, scaphocephaly is a form of dolichocephaly.
Dolichocephalic dogs (such as the Lurcher or German Shepherd) have elongated noses. This makes them vulnerable to fungal diseases of the nose such as aspergillosis.[1] In humans the anterior–posterior diameter (length) of dolichocephaly head is more than the transverse diameter (width).[citation needed]
Dolichocephaly can sometimes be a symptom of Sensenbrenner syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, Sotos syndrome,[2] CMFTD[3] and Marfan syndrome. However, it also occurs non-pathologically as a result of normal variation between human populations. The standards for denoting dolichocephaly are derived from Caucasian anatomy norms, and thus describing dolichocephaly as a medical condition may not reflect the diversity in different human populations.[4] For example, dolichocephaly is typical for Australian aborigines and native Africans.[5]
In anthropology, human populations have been characterized as either dolichocephalic (long-headed), mesocephalic (moderate-headed), or brachycephalic (short-headed). The usefulness of the cephalic index was questioned by Giuseppe Sergi, who argued that cranial morphology provided a better means to model racial ancestry.[6]
See also
References
- ^ Ferreira, Rafael; et al. (2011). "Canine Sinonasal Aspergillosis" (PDF). Acta Scientiae Veterinariae. 39 (4): 1009. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
- ^ Park SW, Park MS, Hwang JS, Shin YS, Yoon SH (2006). "A case of Sotos syndrome with subduroperitoneal shunt". Pediatr Neurosurg. 42 (3): 174–179. doi:10.1159/000091863. PMID 16636621. S2CID 12057084.
- ^ Kliegman, Robert M.; Geme, Joseph St (2019-04-01). Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-0-323-56888-3.
- ^ "Dolichocephaly". National Human Genome Research Institute. Retrieved 2023-05-03.
- ^ "Dolichocephaly". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
- ^ K. Killgrove (2005). Bioarchaeology in the Roman World (PDF) (thesis). UNC Chapel Hill. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 March 2012.
External links