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#REDIRECT [[Presidential system#Presidentialism metrics]]
'''Presidentialism metrics''' allow a quantitative analysis of presidentialism, the strength of [[presidential system]] characteristics, for individual countries. One presidentialism metric is the presidentialism index in [[V-Dem Democracy indices]].<ref name="v-dem">[http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3066654 Sigman, Rachel, and Staffan I. Lindberg. "Neopatrimonialism and democracy: An empirical investigation of Africa's political regimes." V-Dem Working Paper 56 (2017).]</ref> Another presidentialism metric are the presidential power scores.<ref>[https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123414000465 Doyle, David, and Robert Elgie. "Maximizing the reliability of cross-national measures of presidential power." British Journal of Political Science 46.4 (2016): 731-741.]</ref>


{{Rcat shell|
== V-Dem Presidentialism index==
{{R to related topic}}
The table below shows for individual countries the V-Dem presidentialism index,<ref name="v-dem">[http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3066654 Sigman, Rachel, and Staffan I. Lindberg. "Neopatrimonialism and democracy: An empirical investigation of Africa's political regimes." V-Dem Working Paper 56 (2017).]</ref> where higher values indicate higher concentration of political power in the hands of one individual.
}}
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
! Country !! Presidentialism Index for 2021<ref name="v-dem"/>
|-
| {{flaglist| Afghanistan }} || 0.934
|-
| {{flaglist| Albania }} || 0.22
|-
| {{flaglist| Algeria }} || 0.807
|-
| {{flaglist| Angola }} || 0.627
|-
| {{flaglist| Argentina }} || 0.203
|-
| {{flaglist| Armenia }} || 0.297
|-
| {{flaglist| Australia }} || 0.01
|-
| {{flaglist| Austria }} || 0.047
|-
| {{flaglist| Azerbaijan }} || 0.965
|-
| {{flaglist| Bahrain }} || 0.917
|-
| {{flaglist| Bangladesh }} || 0.711
|-
| {{flaglist| Barbados }} || 0.091
|-
| {{flaglist| Belarus }} || 0.98
|-
| {{flaglist| Belgium }} || 0.051
|-
| {{flaglist| Benin }} || 0.419
|-
| {{flaglist| Bhutan }} || 0.117
|-
| {{flaglist| Bolivia }} || 0.535
|-
| {{flaglist| Bosnia and Herzegovina }} || 0.327
|-
| {{flaglist| Botswana }} || 0.176
|-
| {{flaglist| Brazil }} || 0.136
|-
| {{flaglist| Bulgaria }} || 0.16
|-
| {{flaglist| Burkina Faso }} || 0.314
|-
| {{flaglist| Myanmar }} || 0.879
|-
| {{flaglist| Burundi }} || 0.801
|-
| {{flaglist| Cambodia }} || 0.88
|-
| {{flaglist| Cameroon }} || 0.873
|-
| {{flaglist| Canada }} || 0.08
|-
| {{flaglist| Cape Verde }} || 0.098
|-
| {{flaglist| Central African Republic }} || 0.618
|-
| {{flaglist| Chad }} || 0.929
|-
| {{flaglist| Chile }} || 0.019
|-
| {{flaglist| China }} || 0.891
|-
| {{flaglist| Colombia }} || 0.133
|-
| {{flaglist| Comoros }} || 0.833
|-
| {{flaglist| Costa Rica }} || 0.033
|-
| {{flaglist| Croatia }} || 0.107
|-
| {{flaglist| Cuba }} || 0.806
|-
| {{flaglist| Cyprus }} || 0.151
|-
| {{flaglist| Czech Republic }} || 0.09
|-
| {{flaglist| Democratic Republic of the Congo }} || 0.689
|-
| {{flaglist| Denmark }} || 0.012
|-
| {{flaglist| Djibouti }} || 0.751
|-
| {{flaglist| Dominican Republic }} || 0.181
|-
| {{flaglist| Ecuador }} || 0.397
|-
| {{flaglist| Egypt }} || 0.494
|-
| {{flaglist| El Salvador }} || 0.855
|-
| {{flaglist| Equatorial Guinea }} || 0.966
|-
| {{flaglist| Eritrea }} || 0.977
|-
| {{flaglist| Estonia }} || 0.033
|-
| {{flaglist| Eswatini }} || 0.707
|-
| {{flaglist| Ethiopia }} || 0.735
|-
| {{flaglist| Fiji }} || 0.525
|-
| {{flaglist| Finland }} || 0.022
|-
| {{flaglist| France }} || 0.068
|-
| {{flaglist| Gabon }} || 0.752
|-
| {{flaglist| Georgia }} || 0.282
|-
| {{flaglist| Germany }} || 0.033
|-
| {{flaglist| Ghana }} || 0.13
|-
| {{flaglist| Greece }} || 0.12
|-
| {{flaglist| Guatemala }} || 0.351
|-
| {{flaglist| Guinea }} || 0.764
|-
| {{flaglist| Guinea-Bissau }} || 0.413
|-
| {{flaglist| Guyana }} || 0.276
|-
| {{flaglist| Haiti }} || 0.706
|-
| {{flaglist| Honduras }} || 0.402
|-
| {{flaglist| Hong Kong }} || 0.569
|-
| {{flaglist| Hungary }} || 0.288
|-
| {{flaglist| Iceland }} || 0.051
|-
| {{flaglist| India }} || 0.227
|-
| {{flaglist| Indonesia }} || 0.206
|-
| {{flaglist| Iran }} || 0.812
|-
| {{flaglist| Iraq }} || 0.484
|-
| {{flaglist| Ireland }} || 0.04
|-
| {{flaglist| Israel }} || 0.1
|-
| {{flaglist| Italy }} || 0.089
|-
| {{flaglist| Ivory Coast }} || 0.532
|-
| {{flaglist| Jamaica }} || 0.084
|-
| {{flaglist| Japan }} || 0.135
|-
| {{flaglist| Jordan }} || 0.25
|-
| {{flaglist| Kazakhstan }} || 0.807
|-
| {{flaglist| Kenya }} || 0.132
|-
| {{flaglist| Kosovo }} || 0.296
|-
| {{flaglist| Kuwait }} || 0.317
|-
| {{flaglist| Kyrgyzstan }} || 0.614
|-
| {{flaglist| Laos }} || 0.59
|-
| {{flaglist| Latvia }} || 0.036
|-
| {{flaglist| Lebanon }} || 0.539
|-
| {{flaglist| Lesotho }} || 0.123
|-
| {{flaglist| Liberia }} || 0.296
|-
| {{flaglist| Libya }} || 0.479
|-
| {{flaglist| Lithuania }} || 0.025
|-
| {{flaglist| Luxembourg }} || 0.092
|-
| {{flaglist| Madagascar }} || 0.677
|-
| {{flaglist| Malawi }} || 0.136
|-
| {{flaglist| Malaysia }} || 0.354
|-
| {{flaglist| Maldives }} || 0.211
|-
| {{flaglist| Mali }} || 0.623
|-
| {{flaglist| Malta }} || 0.131
|-
| {{flaglist| Mauritania }} || 0.74
|-
| {{flaglist| Mauritius }} || 0.194
|-
| {{flaglist| Mexico }} || 0.369
|-
| {{flaglist| Moldova }} || 0.122
|-
| {{flaglist| Mongolia }} || 0.207
|-
| {{flaglist| Montenegro }} || 0.246
|-
| {{flaglist| Morocco }} || 0.348
|-
| {{flaglist| Mozambique }} || 0.442
|-
| {{flaglist| Namibia }} || 0.207
|-
| {{flaglist| Nepal }} || 0.213
|-
| {{flaglist| Netherlands }} || 0.028
|-
| {{flaglist| New Zealand }} || 0.016
|-
| {{flaglist| Nicaragua }} || 0.987
|-
| {{flaglist| Niger }} || 0.32
|-
| {{flaglist| Nigeria }} || 0.36
|-
| {{flaglist| North Korea }} || 0.986
|-
| {{flaglist| North Macedonia }} || 0.46
|-
| {{flaglist| Norway }} || 0.015
|-
| {{flaglist| Oman }} || 0.574
|-
| {{flaglist| Pakistan }} || 0.286
|-
| {{flaglist| Palestine }} (Gaza) || 0.807
|-
| {{flaglist| Palestine }} (West Bank) || 0.585
|-
| {{flaglist| Panama }} || 0.297
|-
| {{flaglist| Papua New Guinea }} || 0.197
|-
| {{flaglist| Paraguay }} || 0.258
|-
| {{flaglist| Peru }} || 0.094
|-
| {{flaglist| Philippines }} || 0.35
|-
| {{flaglist| Poland }} || 0.361
|-
| {{flaglist| Portugal }} || 0.056
|-
| {{flaglist| Qatar }} || 0.716
|-
| {{flaglist| Republic of the Congo }} || 0.779
|-
| {{flaglist| Romania }} || 0.184
|-
| {{flaglist| Russia }} || 0.898
|-
| {{flaglist| Rwanda }} || 0.738
|-
| {{flaglist| Sao Tome and Principe }} || 0.213
|-
| {{flaglist| Saudi Arabia }} || 0.814
|-
| {{flaglist| Senegal }} || 0.236
|-
| {{flaglist| Serbia }} || 0.404
|-
| {{flaglist| Seychelles }} || 0.055
|-
| {{flaglist| Sierra Leone }} || 0.296
|-
| {{flaglist| Singapore }} || 0.298
|-
| {{flaglist| Slovakia }} || 0.047
|-
| {{flaglist| Slovenia }} || 0.159
|-
| {{flaglist| Solomon Islands }} || 0.216
|-
| {{flaglist| Somalia }} || 0.756
|-
| {{flaglist| Somaliland }} || 0.599
|-
| {{flaglist| South Africa }} || 0.13
|-
| {{flaglist| South Korea }} || 0.076
|-
| {{flaglist| South Sudan }} || 0.881
|-
| {{flaglist| Spain }} || 0.031
|-
| {{flaglist| Sri Lanka }} || 0.252
|-
| {{flaglist| Sudan }} || 0.692
|-
| {{flaglist| Suriname }} || 0.126
|-
| {{flaglist| Sweden }} || 0.02
|-
| {{flaglist| Switzerland }} || 0.013
|-
| {{flaglist| Syria }} || 0.922
|-
| {{flaglist| Taiwan }} || 0.15
|-
| {{flaglist| Tajikistan }} || 0.943
|-
| {{flaglist| Tanzania }} || 0.15
|-
| {{flaglist| Thailand }} || 0.419
|-
| {{flaglist| The Gambia }} || 0.131
|-
| {{flaglist| Timor-Leste }} || 0.29
|-
| {{flaglist| Togo }} || 0.804
|-
| {{flaglist| Trinidad and Tobago }} || 0.113
|-
| {{flaglist| Tunisia }} || 0.113
|-
| {{flaglist| Turkey }} || 0.722
|-
| {{flaglist| Turkmenistan }} || 0.907
|-
| {{flaglist| Uganda }} || 0.411
|-
| {{flaglist| Ukraine }} || 0.597
|-
| {{flaglist| United Arab Emirates }} || 0.835
|-
| {{flaglist| United Kingdom }} || 0.062
|-
| {{flaglist| United States of America }} || 0.078
|-
| {{flaglist| Uruguay }} || 0.045
|-
| {{flaglist| Uzbekistan }} || 0.905
|-
| {{flaglist| Vanuatu }} || 0.102
|-
| {{flaglist| Venezuela }} || 0.958
|-
| {{flaglist| Vietnam }} || 0.726
|-
| {{flaglist| Yemen }} || 0.884
|-
| {{flaglist| Zambia }} || 0.277
|-
| {{flaglist| Zanzibar }} || 0.591
|-
| {{flaglist| Zimbabwe }} || 0.592
|}

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Political systems]]
[[Category:Psephology]]
[[Category:Social science indices]]
{{improve categories|date=June 2023}}

Latest revision as of 06:33, 18 August 2023

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