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+#REDIRECT [[Rubik's Cube]]
-{{Short description|List of popular culture containing Rubik's Cubes}}
-[[File:Rubik-cosplay.jpg|thumb|[[Cosplay]] as a [[Rubik's Cube]] at [[Lucca Comics and Games]] (2008)]]
-The [[Rubik's Cube]], a 1974 invention of [[Ernő Rubik]] of [[Hungary]], fascinated people around the globe and became one of the most popular games in America in the early 1980s, having been initially released as the Magic Cube in Hungary in late 1977, and then re-manufactured and released in the western world as Rubik's Cube in 1980.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rubiks.com/world/history.php/rubiks-world-history/|title=Welcome to the home of Rubik's Cube - Rubik's Official Website|website=Rubiks}}</ref>  As of January 2009, 350 million cubes have been sold worldwide<ref>{{cite magazine|author=William Lee Adams|title=The Rubik's Cube: A Puzzling Success|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1874509,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201200141/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1874509,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 1, 2009|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|TIME]]|date=2009-01-28|access-date=2009-02-05}}</ref><ref name=Daily>{{cite news|author=Alastair Jamieson|title=Rubik's Cube inventor is back with Rubik's 360|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/lifestyle/4412176/Rubiks-Cube-inventor-is-back-with-Rubiks-360.html|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=2009-01-31|access-date=2009-02-05|location=London}}</ref> making it the world's top-selling puzzle game.<ref>{{cite news|title=eGames, Mindscape Put International Twist On Rubik's Cube PC Game|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS147698+06-Feb-2008+PNW20080206|work=[[Reuters]]|date=2008-02-06|access-date=2009-02-06|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212135842/http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS147698+06-Feb-2008+PNW20080206|archive-date=2009-02-12}}</ref> It earned a place as a permanent exhibit in New York’s [[Museum of Modern Art]] and entered the [[Oxford English Dictionary]] in 1982.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rubiks.com/world/|title=- Rubik's Official Website|website=Rubiks}}</ref> The Cube retains a dedicated following, with almost 40,000 entries on YouTube featuring tutorials and video clips of quick solutions.<ref name=Daily/>
+{{R from merge}}
-==Film and television==
-The ability to solve a Rubik's Cube quickly is often used as a way of establishing a character's high intelligence.{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}} The films ''[[Brick (film)|Brick]]'', ''[[Armageddon (1998 film)|Armageddon]]'', ''[[Dude, Where's My Car?]]'', ''[[WALL-E]]'', ''[[Little Big Shots]]'', ''[[Let the Right One In (film)|Let the Right One In]]'', ''[[The Pursuit of Happyness]]'', ''[[Snowden (film)|Snowden]]'', and the series ''[[Seinfeld]]'' and ''[[The Simpsons]]'' include sequences which depict this.{{Clarify|date=May 2014}}
-* Characters are frustrated by the Cube in the films ''[[UHF (film)|UHF]]'', ''[[Being John Malkovich]]'', ''[[The Wedding Singer]]'', ''[[And the Band Played On (film)|And The Band Played On]]'', ''[[Mr. Peabody and Sherman]], [[Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse]], and [[Hellboy (2004 film)|Hellboy'']].
-* In the film ''[[Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian]]'' (2009), the lead character uses the "Cube of Rubik" as a ruse to deceive and slow the villain's progress.
-* The Soviet cartoon "[[Cube (1985 cartoon)|Cube]]" (rus. ''Кубик'') is a television [[Anthology film|package film]] in which the transition from one short film to another takes place under the means of a Rubik's cube.
-* ''[[Rubik, the Amazing Cube]]'' was a short-lived Saturday morning cartoon television series where the main character was a sentient Rubik's Cube.
-* In the [[Law & Order (season 3)|third season of ''Law & Order'']], Detectives Briscoe ([[Jerry Orbach]]) and Logan ([[Chris Noth]]) arrest a man who is playing with a Rubik's Cube on a bench.
-* In the British TV show [[Law & Order UK]], the character [[Law & Order: UK#Cast|James Steel]] can occasionally be seen trying to solve one and, in addition, one has been seen on his desk.
-* In the South Park episode [[The Coon (South Park)|"The Coon"]] a Rubik's 3x3x3 cube is seen.
-* In "Cube Wars", an episode from the television series ''[[Whatever Happened to... Robot Jones?]]'', the students play with a changeable 4x4x4 cube called the Wonder Cube which is similar to the Rubik's Revenge.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bcdb.com/cartoon/51093-Cube_Wars.html|title=Cube Wars|access-date=2012-07-25|publisher=Big Cartoon Database}}</ref>
-* ''[[The Big Bang Theory]]'' features a [[tissue box]] that looks like a Rubik's Cube.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thebigbangbuzz.com/2012/03/backstage-at-big-bang-theory.html|title=Backstage at Big Bang Theory|website=www.thebigbangbuzz.com}}</ref>
-* In 2010, commercial Filipino TV network [[TV5 (Philippine TV network)|TV5]] made their own station ident out of a Rubik's cube.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pep.ph/guide/tv/5842/pep-review-tv539s-para-sa39yo-kapatid-station-id-has-star-power--enough-to-challenge-its-rivals#KQyXfdmCszHjxksi.99|title=PEP REVIEW: TV5's "Para Sa'yo Kapatid" Station ID has star power enough to challenge its rivals|first=Earl|last=Villanueva}}</ref>
-* A Rubik's Cube can be seen in the [[Toy Story Toons|''Toy Story'' Toon]] ''[[Partysaurus Rex]]''. It dances along with other toys that have sunk to the bottom of Bonnie's bathtub after a light-up puffer fish toy lands in the bottom of the tub.
-* On April 14, 2013 [[National Geographic (American TV channel)|National Geographic]] aired episode 2, The Revolutionaries, of their documentary series, The 80s: The Decade That Made Us. The Rubik’s Cube featured in a segment of that episode.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2835382/|title=The Revolutionaries|via=www.imdb.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://natgeotv.com/ca/the-80s-the-decade-that-made-us|title=The 80s: The Decade That Made Us|website=National Geographic - Videos, TV Shows & Photos - Canada}}</ref>
-* Rubik's Cubes were a feature of the [[Eurovision Song Contest 2014|2014 Eurovision Song Contest]], with the postcard introducing the [[Hungary in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014|Hungarian entry]] showing [[András Kállay-Saunders]] completing a Rubik's Cube and subsequently creating the [[Flag of Hungary|Hungarian flag]] out of several cubes, honouring Ernő Rubik's Hungarian origins.
-* The Rubik's Cube is one of the gadgets Balthazar Bratt uses in ''[[Despicable Me 3]]''. He uses it as a smoke bomb.
-* In the episode ''"Badge! Gun!"'' (S1E02) of the TV series ''[[Limitless (TV series)|Limitless]]'', which first aired in 2015, the protagonist Brian is seen solving two Rubik's cubes at once, each with one hand, thanks to the effects of NZT, a powerful brain-enhancing drug at the center of the series and the related 2011 movie (''[[Limitless (film)|Limitless]]'').
-* ''Solved,'' a 2016 short horror film starring world-champion [[speedcuber]] [[Rowe Hessler]], portrays an obsession with the Rubik's Cube as its central plot device.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6228906/?ref_=fn_al_tt_2|title=Solved|date=November 15, 2016|via=IMDb}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://decaymag.com/movies/reviews/solved-short-film/19428 |title=Solved, Experimental Art Exhibition on Retro Puzzle - DecayMag |publisher=DecayMag. |date=2017-06-09 |access-date=2018-11-17}}</ref>
-* In 2010, the [[Creative Artists Agency]] got the film rights to the toy and are searching from studio to studio to get a movie made.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/nov/12/rubiks-cube-film-big-screen|title=Plot twist: film based on Rubik's Cube heading for the big screen|author=Catherine Shoard|work=The Guardian|date=November 12, 2010|access-date=July 15, 2017}}</ref>
-* In the episode ''"Welcome Back, Charlotte Richards"'' (S3E05) of [[Lucifer (TV series)|''Lucifer'']], which first aired in 2017, Ella Lopez (the LAPD forensic scientist) is seen playing with an old school Rubik's cube while talking to Daniel Espinoza (the cube is a few turns from being solved).
-* In the 2018 film ''[[Ready Player One (film)|Ready Player One]]'', Wade Watts uses a Rubik's cube called the [[Robert Zemeckis|Zemeckis]] Cube to reverse the flow of time in his vicinity.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vulture.com/2018/03/here-are-all-the-references-in-ready-player-one.html|title=Here Are All the References in Ready Player One|first=Abraham|last=Riesman|date=28 March 2018 }}</ref>
-* The 2018 film ''[[Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse]]'' uses the Rubik's Cube as a running gag in which a side character, [[Spider-Man Noir]], travels into the present, where the film is set, and discovers the Rubik's Cube. Spider-Man Noir is fascinated by it even though he can not see color. In the film's post credits scene, he is seen back in the past, selling the Rubik's Cube as an amazing contraption.
-* The 2019 film ''[[Toy Story 4]]'' shows the scrambled Rubik’s Cubes left by Andy Davis and Bonnie Anderson.
-==Comics and manga==
-While the [[God's algorithm|God's Number]] of a Rubik's Cube has been determined to be 20 by computer algorithms,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cube20.org/|title=God's Number is 20|website=cube20.org}}</ref> in [[DC Comics]] ''[[Final Crisis]]'' crossover series, it is shown that a ''real'' god can solve it in ''less'' (with the actual number being 17). The time-traveling [[New Gods|New God]] [[Metron (comics)|Metron]] is depicted with a cube; and the solving of a cube utilizing a God's Number maneuver of 17 results in a flash of blinding supernatural luminosity which destroys evil minions of [[Darkseid]] in the vicinity, as well as restoring the memory of the amnesic New God who just solved it
-In the manga and anime of [[Tonari no Kaibutsu-kun]] Yoshida Haru is seen to be solving a Rubik's Cube in episode 6. However, it is shown that he has solved the Rubik's Cube.
-==Museum exhibition==
-[[Liberty Science Center]] and [[Google]] designed an interactive exhibit based on the [[Rubik's Cube]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lsc.org/cube |title=Liberty Science Center |access-date=2012-11-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620144921/http://lsc.org/cube/ |archive-date=2012-06-20 }}</ref> It opened at LSC in [[Jersey City, NJ]], in April 2014 in celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Cube's invention before traveling internationally for 7 years.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://news.yahoo.com/cubism-rubik-helps-toys-anniversary-exhibit-212056694.html | location=New York | agency=Associated Press | title=Cubism? Rubik helps with toy's anniversary exhibit | first=Ted | last=Shaffrey | date=2012-04-27}}</ref> Exhibition elements include a 35-foot-tall rooftop cube made of lights that people can manipulate with their cellphones, a $2.5 million cube made of diamonds, a giant walk-in cube displaying the inner workings of the puzzle, and cube-solving robots.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/07/science/rubiks-cube-enjoys-another-turn-in-the-spotlight.html | location=New York | work=The New York Times | title=Rubik's Cube Twists Back Into Limelight | first=Douglas | last=Quenqua | date=2012-08-06}}</ref>
-==Google doodle==
-To commemorate the 40th anniversary of the cube's invention, [[Google]] made an [[interactive]] [[doodle]] of the cube on May 19, 2014. The doodle allowed users to solve the cube, by twisting and turning its parts, keeping a score of moves on the side.<ref>{{cite news|title=On 40th anniversary of Rubik's Cube invention, Google posts a playable version of the world's best-selling toy|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/on-40th-anniversary-of-rubiks-cube-invention-google-posts-a-playable-version-of-the-worlds-bestselling-toy/472725-11.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519102119/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/on-40th-anniversary-of-rubiks-cube-invention-google-posts-a-playable-version-of-the-worlds-bestselling-toy/472725-11.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 May 2014|access-date=19 May 2014|newspaper=IBN Live|date=19 May 2014}}</ref>
-==Music video==
-The famous cube appears in [[Spice Girls]]' "[[Viva Forever]]" music video.
-The cube also appears in [[Maroon 5]]'s "[[Payphone (song)|Payphone]]" music video. It can be found (unsolved) on the desk of the banker in the official video. The cube also appears in "[[If You (Magic Box song)|If You]]" music video by the singer [[:it:Magic Box|Magic Box]]. A cube is briefly shown being rough-handled (comically, with a screwdriver) by a puppet caricature of Mr. Spock from ''[[Star Trek]]'' in the [[Genesis (band)|Genesis]]' "[[Land of Confusion]]" music video.
-==Music==
-In 1981, the British humorous pop group, [[The Barron Knights]] released a song called ''Mr. Rubik'' which appeared on their album entitled ''Twisting The Knights Away''. The album's cover also depicts a Rubik's Cube which contains the photos of the band members on each smaller cube.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://991.com/newGallery/The-Barron-Knights-Twisting-The-Nigh-384491.jpg |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606233129/http://991.com/newGallery/The-Barron-Knights-Twisting-The-Nigh-384491.jpg |archive-date=2014-06-06 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The song is about a person who is going crazy after playing a Rubik's Cube.
-A [[Promotion (marketing)|promotional]] Rubik's Cube featuring the four [[Julian Opie]] portraits of the band members of [[Blur (band)|Blur]] was released in 2000 in promotion for the ''[[Blur: The Best of]]'' album (which also features the portraits on the cover)
-==Art==
-<!-- Please add notable art entries with reliable references. Thank you. -->
-[[File:Huge-Cube.jpg|thumb|150px|Large Rubik's Cube built on the University of Michigan's North Campus]]
-Probably from the earliest days of the Rubik's Cube craze in the 1980s people have assembled cubes to form simple art pieces, several early 'Folk Artists' are noted for their work.<ref name="holly.wordthunder.com">[http://holly.wordthunder.com/ The Rubik's Cube Designs of Fred Holly] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831055221/http://holly.wordthunder.com/ |date=2009-08-31 }}</ref><ref name="playagaingames.com"/> Rubik’s Cubes have also been the subject of several pop art installations. Owing to their popularity as a children’s toy several artists and groups have created large Rubik’s Cubes.
-Tony Rosenthal's [[Alamo (sculpture)|Alamo]] ("The Astor Cube") is a spinnable statue of a Cube standing in [[New York City]]. Once the cube was covered with colored panels so that it resembled a Rubik's Cube.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/19/nyregion/19cube.html?_r=1|title=The Cube, Restored, Is Back and Turning at Astor Place |last=Moynihan|first=Colin|date=2005-11-19|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=2009-03-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alltooflat.com/pranks/cube/|title=All Too Flat : Pranks : Cube|access-date=2009-05-29}}</ref> Similarly, the [[University of Michigan]] students covered Endover creating a large Rubik’s Cube on the University of Michigan’s central campus for April fool’s day in 2008.<ref>{{cite news|last=McKinney|first=Todd|title=Photo: Blue-bik's cube|url=http://www.ur.umich.edu/0708/Apr07_08/18.php|access-date=3 December 2010|newspaper=The University Record Online|date=7 April 2008|agency=The Regents of the University of Michigan}}</ref> In conjunction with the 2008 April fool’s day cube covering, a student group created a large rotating non-functional Rubik’s Cube for the University of Michigan's North Campus. Built out of 600+ lbs. of steel, the cube was an entertaining addition to North Campus. Removed later the same semester, the cube reappeared in the fall of 2008 on the first day of classes. It was later removed, but in response to the cube, the university is planning on a permanent Rubik's Cube art installation on North Campus. Oversized Cube installations with staircases in them are found outside the 1980s-themed buildings of [[Disney's Pop Century Resort]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://disneyworld.disney.go.com/resorts/pop-century-resort/|title=Disney's Pop Century Resort - Walt Disney World Resort|website=disneyworld.disney.go.com}}</ref>
-The largest Rubik's Cube sculpture to date, called Groovik's Cube,<ref name="www.groovik.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.groovik.com|title=Groovik.com is available at DomainMarket.com|website=Groovik.com is available at DomainMarket.com}}</ref> is 30&nbsp;ft tall and was built by a team of artists in Seattle in 2009 for [[Burning Man]]. The piece is powered by LED lights and is fully interactive and playable, using electronic control stations.
-===Rubik's Cubism===
-Beyond the Folk Art of the 1980s and 1990s, and the simple replication of a Rubik's Cube in oversized form, artists have developed a pointillist art style using the cubes. Rubik's Cube Art a.k.a. '''Rubik's Cubism''' or RubikCubism<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.space-invaders.com/rubikcubism_.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307005404/http://www.space-invaders.com/rubikcubism_.html|url-status=dead|title=Rubikcubism|archivedate=March 7, 2012}}</ref> makes use of a standard Rubik’s Cube, a popular puzzle toy of the 1980s.  The earliest simple forms of the art probably occurred with independent “cubers” even in the first years after the cube became popular.{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}}
-The earliest recorded artworks appear to have been created by Fred Holly, a legally blind man in his 60s in the mid-1980s.<ref name="holly.wordthunder.com"/> These early pieces focus on geometrics and color patterns. There does not appear to be other recorded art pieces until the mid-1990s by cube aficionados involved in the puzzle and game industry.<ref name="playagaingames.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.playagaingames.com/entertainment/rubiks_cube_art|title=Jacob Davenport » Rubik's Cube Art|website=www.playagaingames.com}}</ref>
-[[File:Mosaic40percent.JPG|thumb|Pete Fecteau's "Dream Big" piece in the making.]]
-The Folk art form reached another level of its evolution with the development and maturity into a Pop art form consisting of pointillist Cube Art renderings. The street artist who uses the alias "[[Invader (artist)|Invader]]" or "Space Invader" started exhibiting pointillist pieces, including one of a man behind a desk and Mario Bros, using Rubik's Cube in June 2005 in an exhibition named 'Rubik Cubism' at Sixspace in Los Angeles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.space-invaders.com/RUBIKCUBISM__.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303165549/http://www.space-invaders.com/RUBIKCUBISM__.html|url-status=dead|title=RUBIKCUBISM / A LOGICAL EXHIBITION OF INVADER AT SIXSPACE / LA. 2005<!-- Bot generated title -->|archivedate=March 3, 2012}}</ref> Prior to this exhibition the artist had used Rubik's Cubes to create giant Space Invaders.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.space-invaders.com/rs2.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313200939/http://www.space-invaders.com/rs2.html|url-status=dead|title=Rubik Space By Invader<!-- Bot generated title -->|archivedate=March 13, 2012}}</ref> Another artist includes Robbie Mackinnon of Toronto Canada<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cubeworks.ca/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110403071310/http://www.cubeworks.ca/index.php|url-status=dead|title=Home|archivedate=April 3, 2011|website=Cubeworks}}</ref> with earliest published work in 2007<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.twoguysfromtoronto.com/blog/2008/03/22/rubiks-cube-art/|title=Twoguysfromtoronto.com|website=www.twoguysfromtoronto.com}}</ref> who claims to have developed his pointillist Cube Art years earlier while being a teacher in China. Robbie Mackinnon's work has been exhibited in Ripley's Believe it or Not and focussed on using pop-art, while Space Invader has exhibited his Cube Art alongside mosaic Space Invaders in commercial and public galleries.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.space-invaders.com/exhibitions.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223203056/http://www.space-invaders.com/exhibitions.html|url-status=dead|title=Exhibitions<!-- Bot generated title -->|archivedate=February 23, 2012}}</ref>
-In 2010 artist Pete Fecteau created "Dream Big",<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://petefecteau.com/2011/04/15/dream-big/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305071922/http://petefecteau.com/2011/04/15/dream-big/|url-status=dead|archivedate=March 5, 2012|title=Dream Big « Pete Fecteau }}</ref> a tribute to ''[[Martin Luther King Jr.]]'' using 4,242 officially licensed Rubik's Cubes. Fecteau also worked with the organization You Can Do The Rubik's Cube<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youcandothecube.com/cube-mosaics/|title=You Can Do The Cube Official Site|access-date=2012-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120126154840/http://www.youcandothecube.com/cube-mosaics/|archive-date=2012-01-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> to create two separate guides designed to teach school children how to create Rubik's Cube mosaics from templates which he also created.
-==Video games==
-A few video games based on the Rubik's Cube have been made. There have been versions on the [[Wii]] in 2009, [[iOS]] in 2010, the [[Nintendo 3DS]] and [[Wii U]] in 2016.
-[[Atari, Inc.|Atari]] released an unofficial version of the cube for its [[Atari 2600]] system in 1982, under the name ''[[Atari Video Cube]]''.
-==Gadgets and consoles==
-In 2018, two independent development teams introduced electronic versions of Rubik's Cube. A group from [[Tel Aviv]] ([[Israel]]) introduced GoCube, a sports gadget plug-in via BlueTooth to the tablet.<ref name=theverge>{{cite news|author=Chaim Gartenberg|title=Does the Rubik's Cube need a Bluetooth connection?|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2018/6/17/17469268/gogube-kickstarter-rubiks-cube-bluetooth|work=[[The Verge]]|date= 2018-06-17|access-date=2018-06-28}}</ref>
-==Satire==
-The satirical website The People's Cube lampoons [[political correctness]] by selling cubes that are red on all six sides, thereby ensuring equal results for all who attempt to "solve" them.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thepeoplescube.com/peoples-tools/the-people-s-cube-guaranteed-results-t64.html|title=The People's Cube: Guaranteed Results|website=www.thepeoplescube.com}}</ref>
-==References==
-{{reflist}}
-==External links==
-* [http://www.alltooflat.com/pranks/cube/ Tony Rosenthal's Alamo as a Rubik's Cube] All too flat
-{{Rubik's Cube}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Rubik's Cube In Popular Culture}}
-[[Category:Rubik's Cube]]
-[[Category:Topics in popular culture]]
-[[Category:Pop art]]
-[[Category:Folk art]]