Liverpool Hero (1798 ship): Difference between revisions
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#REDIRECT [[Liverpool Hero (ship)#Liverpool Hero (1798 ship)]] |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}} |
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{{Use British English|date=October 2021}} |
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{{Infobox ship career |
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|Ship country=Kingdom of Great Britain |
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|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Kingdom of Great Britain|civil}} |
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| Ship name = ''Liverpool Hero'' |
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| Ship launched = 1791, Spain<ref name=LR1798/> |
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| Ship acquired = circa 1798 |
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| Ship fate = Lost 1801 |
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{{Infobox ship characteristics |
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| Ship tons burthen=219,<ref name=LR1798/><ref name=LoM>{{cite web|url=http://www.1812privateers.org/Great%20Britain/marque1793-1815.pdf|title=Letter of Marque, p.73 – Retrieved 25 July 2017.|access-date=27 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020052005/http://www.1812privateers.org/Great%20Britain/marque1793-1815.pdf|archive-date=20 October 2016|url-status=dead }}</ref> or 234<ref name=LoM/> ([[Builder's Old Measurement|bm]]) |
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| Ship complement =*1798:20<ref name=LoM/> |
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*1798:25<ref name=LoM/> |
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*1799:25<ref name=LoM/> |
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| Ship armament =*1798: 6 × 3-pounder guns |
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*1798: 10 × 6&9-pounder guns<ref name=LoM/> |
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*1798: 18 × 9&12-pounder guns<ref name=LoM/> |
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*1799: 18 × 6&9-pounder guns<ref name=LoM/> |
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| Ship notes = Two decks; mahogany-built |
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'''''Liverpool Hero''''' was built in Spain, or its colonies, in 1791, almost certainly under another name. She was taken in prize and entered British records in 1798 as a [[West Indiaman]]. She then entered into the [[triangular trade]] in enslaved people. She made one complete voyage as a [[slave ship]] and was lost in 1801 near Suriname on her second voyage. All the slaves aboard her reportedly drowned. |
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==Career== |
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''Liverpool Hero'' first appeared in ''[[Lloyd's Register]]'' (''LR'') in 1798.<ref name=LR1798>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015004281211?urlappend=%3Bseq=242 ''LR'' (1798), Seq.No.L310.]</ref> Captain James Fitzpatrick acquired a [[letter-of-marque]] on 12 March 1798.<ref name=LoM/> |
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{| class=" wikitable" |
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! Year |
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! Master |
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| 1798 |
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| Fitzpatrick |
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| Brettarghe |
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| Liverpool–Barbados |
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| ''LR'' |
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''[[Lloyd's List]]''{{'}}s ship arrival and departure data show that ''Liverpool Hero'', Fitzpatrick, master, made one voyage to Martinique. |
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Although the entry in ''LR'' for ''Liverpool Hero'' remained unchanged until after her loss in 1801, new owners in late 1798 entered her into the slave trade. |
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'''1st slave voyage (1799–1800):''' Captain Alexander Hackney acquired a letter-of-marque on 9 November 1798.<ref name=LoM/> Hackney (or Hackery), sailed from Liverpool on 4 January 1799. In early 1800 she was at Lisbon. ''Liverpool Hero'' acquired her slaves on the [[Gold Coast (region)|Gold Coast]] and arrived at Suriname on 28 September. She sailed from Suriname on 17 December and arrived back at Liverpool on 30 January 1800, having sailed via Barbados. She had sailed from Liverpool with 51 crew members and she had suffered 11 crew deaths on her voyage.<ref>[https://www.slavevoyages.org/voyage/82331/variables Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – ''Liverpool Hero'' voyage #82331.]</ref> |
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'''2nd slave voyage (1800–Loss):''' Captain Alexander Laing acquired a letter-of-marque on 16 July 1800.<ref name=LoM/> He sailed from Liverpool on 1 September 1800 with 39 crew members.<ref>[https://www.slavevoyages.org/voyage/82332/variables Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – ''Liverpool Hero'' voyage #82332.]</ref> |
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==Loss== |
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In June 1801, ''Lloyd's List'' reported that ''Liverpool Hero'', from Africa, had been lost near Suriname.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Marine List |work=Lloyd's List |issue=4157 |date=5 June 1801 |url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044105233084?urlappend=%3Bseq=103}}</ref> |
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A secondary source reported that ''Liverpool Hero'', Captain Alexander Laing, had sailed from Liverpool to [[Porto-Novo]]. She then had wrecked on her voyage from Africa to the West Indies. The source reports that all hands and the slaves trapped in the hold were drowned.{{sfnp|Dawson|2022|p=64}} However, the same source states that {{ship||Dick|1801 ship|2}}, Alexander Laing, master, had delivered slaves to Demerara in 1804.{{sfnp|Dawson|2022|p=65}} Another secondary source reports that Captain Alexander Laing died on ''Dick'' on 3 July 1804, during another slave voyage.{{sfnp|Behrendt|1990|p=80}} |
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In 1801, 23 British slave ships were lost. Of these, ten were lost in the [[Middle Passage]], between the coast of Africa and the West Indies. In 1802, a year mostly of peace because of the [[Treaty of Amiens|Peace of Amiens]], the numbers were 12 and five.{{sfnp|Inkori|1996|p=62}} |
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==Citations== |
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{{reflist|30em}} |
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==References== |
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* {{cite book |last=Behrendt |first=Stephen D. | author-link = Stephen D. Behrendt | year=1990 |title=The Captains in the British Slave Trade from 1785 to 1807|publisher=Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire|volume=140|pages=79–140}} |
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* {{cite book |last=Dawson |first=Paul L. |title=The Battle Against Slavery: The Untold Story of How a Group of Yorkshire Radicals Began the War to End the Slave Trade |publisher=Frontline books |year=2022|isbn=9781399018487}} |
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* {{cite journal |last1=Inikori |first1=Joseph|year= 1996 |title= Measuring the unmeasured hazards of the Atlantic slave trade: Documents relating to the British trade |journal= Revue française d'histoire d'outre-mer |volume=83 |issue=312|pages=53-92}} |
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[[Category:Ships built in Spain]] |
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[[Category:1791 ships]] |
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[[Category:Captured ships]] |
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[[Category:Age of Sail merchant ships of England]] |
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[[Category:Liverpool slave ships]] |
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[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1801]] |
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[[Category:Missing ships]] |
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Latest revision as of 10:39, 18 February 2023
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