Pier Andrea Saccardo: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Pier Andrea Saccardo 1845-1920.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Pier Andrea Saccardo]] |
[[Image:Pier Andrea Saccardo 1845-1920.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Pier Andrea Saccardo]] |
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Saccardo studied at the Lyceum in [[Venice]], and then at the Technical Institute of the [[University of Padua]] where, in 1867 he received his [[doctorate]] |
Saccardo studied at the Lyceum in [[Venice]], and then at the Technical Institute of the [[University of Padua]] where, in 1867 he received his [[doctorate]]. He was an Assistant to [[Roberto de Visiani]] (1800-1878) an Italian botanist, naturalist and scholar.<ref name=Burkhardt>{{cite book | last=Burkhardt | first=Lotte | title=Eine Enzyklopädie zu eponymischen Pflanzennamen |trans-title=Encyclopedia of eponymic plant names | publisher=Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin | year=2022 | isbn=978-3-946292-41-8 | url=https://doi.org/10.3372/epolist2022|format=pdf |language=German |location=Berlin | doi=10.3372/epolist2022 |access-date=January 27, 2022}}</ref> |
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Then in 1869, he became a professor of [[Natural history|Natural History]] in Padua. In 1876 he established the mycological journal ''Michelia'' which published many of his early mycological papers. In 1879 he became a professor of [[Botany]] and director of the [[Orto botanico di Padova|botanical gardens of the university]] until 1915. He accumulated around 70,000 fungal specimens encompassing over 18,500 different species for his [[herbarium]]. Which is still stored at the university.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Forin |first1=Niccolò |last2=Nigris |first2=Sebastiano |last3=Voyron |first3=Samuele |last4=Girlanda |first4=Mariangela |last5=Vizzini |first5=Alfredo |last6=Casadoro |first6=Giorgio |last7=Baldan |first7=Barbara |title=Next Generation Sequencing of Ancient Fungal Specimens: The Case of the Saccardo Mycological Herbarium |journal=Front. Ecol. Evol., |date=31 August 2018 |doi=10.3389/fevo.2018.00129}}</ref> |
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Saccardo's scientific activity focused almost entirely on [[mycology]]. He published over 140 papers on the [[Deuteromycota]] (imperfect mushrooms) and the [[Sordariomycetes|Pyrenomycetes]]. |
Saccardo's scientific activity focused almost entirely on [[mycology]]. He wrote his first book in 1864 (when he was 19 years old), ''Flora Montellica: an introduction to the flora Trevigiana''. In 1872, he published ''Mycologiae Venetae Specimen'', in which he described some 1200 fungi species.<ref name="1stnature"/> He published over 140 papers on the [[Deuteromycota]] (imperfect mushrooms) and the [[Sordariomycetes|Pyrenomycetes]]. He was most famous for his ''Sylloge'', which was a comprehensive list of all of the [[Binomial nomenclature|names]] that had been used for [[mushrooms]]. ''Sylloge'' is still the only work of this kind that was both comprehensive for the [[Kingdom (biology)|botanical kingdom]] [[Fungus|Fungi]] and reasonably modern. Saccardo also developed a system for classifying the [[Deuteromycota|imperfect fungi]] by spore color and form, which became the primary system used before classification by [[Genetic fingerprinting|DNA analysis]]. |
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==Chromotaxy scale== |
==Chromotaxy scale== |
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* ''Michelis, commentarium mycologicum'' (Padua 1877 to 1882, 2 volumes.) |
* ''Michelis, commentarium mycologicum'' (Padua 1877 to 1882, 2 volumes.) |
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* ''Fungi italici autographie delineati et colorati'' (Padua 1877–86, with 1,500 tables) |
* ''Fungi italici autographie delineati et colorati'' (Padua 1877–86, with 1,500 tables) |
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==Personal life== |
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He had a son, Domenico Saccardo (1872 - 1952) and daughter, Neffe Francesco Saccardo (1869 - 1896).<ref name=Burkhardt/> |
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==Taxa named by him and in his honour== |
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{{see also|:Category:Taxa named by Pier Andrea Saccardo}} |
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Saccardo was one of the most prolific taxonomists in the history of Fungi. He has described some 1200 fungi species, including 52 that were new to science for one book.<ref name="1stnature">{{cite web |title=Pier Andrea Saccardo, mycologist: brief biography |url=https://www.first-nature.com/fungi/~biog-saccardo.php |website=www.first-nature.com |access-date=8 October 2022}}</ref> |
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He has also described 3 species of plants;<ref>{{cite web |title=Saccardo, Pier Andrea {{!}} International Plant Names Index |url=https://www.ipni.org/a/8788-1 |website=www.ipni.org |access-date=8 October 2022}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Antennaria rectangularis]]'' {{Au|Sacc., Harriman Alaska Exped 5: 34, pl. 3 (1904)}}<ref>{{cite web |title=''Antennaria rectangularis'' Sacc. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14844-2 |website=Plants of the World Online |access-date=8 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref> |
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* ''Hibiscus pentacarpos'' var. ''albiflorus'' {{Au|Sacc. ex Fiori, Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 165 (1926)}} now a synonym of ''[[Kosteletzkya pentacarpos]]'' |
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* ''Ophrys integra'' {{Au|Sacc., in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. iii. (1871) 165.}} now a synonym of ''[[Ophrys apifera]]'' |
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He was honoured in the naming of various genera and species; |
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* ''Saccardoa'' {{Au|Trevis.}} 1869, (Lichenes), synonym of ''[[Pseudocyphellaria]] {{Au|Vain., 1890}} |
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* ''[[Saccardia]] {{Au|Cooke 1878}} ([[Saccardiaceae]] family) in Grevillea 7: 49 in 1878.<ref>{{cite web |title=''Saccardia'' - Search Page |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp?strGenus=Saccardia |website=www.speciesfungorum.org |publisher=Species Fungorum |access-date=8 October 2022}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Saccardoella]]'' {{Au|[[Carlo Spegazzini|Speg.]] 1879, ([[Sordariomycetes]] class)]] in Michelia 1(5): 461 in 1879.<ref>{{cite web |title=Saccardoella - Search Page |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp?strGenus=Saccardoella |website=www.speciesfungorum.org |publisher=Species Fungorum |access-date=8 October 2022}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Saccardinula]]'' {{Au|Speg. 1885}} ([[Elsinoaceae]] family) in Anales Soc. Sci. Argent. 19: 257 in 1885.<ref>{{cite web |title=Saccardinula - Search Page |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp?strGenus=Saccardinula |website=www.speciesfungorum.org |publisher=Species Fungorum |access-date=8 October 2022}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Pasaccardoa]]'' {{Au|Kuntze}} 1891, (in the [[Asteraceae]] family.<ref>{{cite web |title='Pasaccardoa'' Kuntze {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10405-1 |website=Plants of the World Online |access-date=8 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref> |
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* ''Saccardaea'' {{Au|Cavara 1894 }} now a synonym of ''[[Venustosynnema ciliatum]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Species Fungorum - Names Record |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=127696 |website=www.speciesfungorum.org |access-date=8 October 2022}}</ref> |
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* ''Saccardophytum'' {{Au|Speg.}}, first published in Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 53: 181 in 1902, now a synonym of ''[[Benthamiella]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=''Saccardophytum'' Speg. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295655-2 |website=Plants of the World Online |access-date=8 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Saccardomyces]]'' {{Au|[[Paul Christoph Hennings|Henn.]] 1904}} ([[Trichosphaeriaceae]] family) in Hedwigia 43: 353 in 1904.<ref>{{cite web |title=Saccardomyces - Search Page |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp?strGenus=Saccardomyces |website=www.speciesfungorum.org |publisher=Species Fungorum |access-date=8 October 2022}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Phaeosaccardinula]]'' {{Au|Henn. 1905}} ([[Chaetothyriaceae]] family) in Hedwigia 44: XIV, 67 in 1905.<ref>{{cite web |title=Phaeosaccardinula - Search Page |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp?strGenus=Phaeosaccardinula |website=www.speciesfungorum.org |publisher=Species Fungorum |access-date=8 October 2022}}</ref> |
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* ''Neosaccardia'' {{Au|Mattir. 1921}} (fungi), synonym of ''[[Scleroderma]]'' {{Au|Pers., 1801}}<ref>{{cite web |title=''Neosaccardia'' Mattir. |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/4911869 |website=www.gbif.org |access-date=8 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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==Other sources== |
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* Davis, J. J. (August 1920) "Pier Andrea Saccardo" ''Botanical Gazette'' 70(2): pp. 156–157 |
* Davis, J. J. (August 1920) "Pier Andrea Saccardo" ''Botanical Gazette'' 70(2): pp. 156–157 |
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* Dörfelt, Heinrich and Heklau, Heike (1998) ''Die Geschichte der Mykologie'' (''The History of Mycology'') Einhorn-Verlag E. Dietenberger, Schwäbisch Gmünd, {{ISBN|3-927654-44-2}} |
* Dörfelt, Heinrich and Heklau, Heike (1998) ''Die Geschichte der Mykologie'' (''The History of Mycology'') Einhorn-Verlag E. Dietenberger, Schwäbisch Gmünd, {{ISBN|3-927654-44-2}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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Revision as of 16:09, 8 October 2022
Pier Andrea Saccardo (23 April 1845 in Treviso, Treviso – 12 February 1920 in Padua) was an Italian botanist and mycologist.
Life
Saccardo studied at the Lyceum in Venice, and then at the Technical Institute of the University of Padua where, in 1867 he received his doctorate. He was an Assistant to Roberto de Visiani (1800-1878) an Italian botanist, naturalist and scholar.[1] Then in 1869, he became a professor of Natural History in Padua. In 1876 he established the mycological journal Michelia which published many of his early mycological papers. In 1879 he became a professor of Botany and director of the botanical gardens of the university until 1915. He accumulated around 70,000 fungal specimens encompassing over 18,500 different species for his herbarium. Which is still stored at the university.[2]
Saccardo's scientific activity focused almost entirely on mycology. He wrote his first book in 1864 (when he was 19 years old), Flora Montellica: an introduction to the flora Trevigiana. In 1872, he published Mycologiae Venetae Specimen, in which he described some 1200 fungi species.[3] He published over 140 papers on the Deuteromycota (imperfect mushrooms) and the Pyrenomycetes. He was most famous for his Sylloge, which was a comprehensive list of all of the names that had been used for mushrooms. Sylloge is still the only work of this kind that was both comprehensive for the botanical kingdom Fungi and reasonably modern. Saccardo also developed a system for classifying the imperfect fungi by spore color and form, which became the primary system used before classification by DNA analysis.
Chromotaxy scale
Saccardo proposed this color scale in 1894, for standardizing color naming of plant specimens.
Selected publications
Indispensable in the history of mycology is his master work Sylloge fungorum omnium hucusque cognitorum (Padua 1882–90, in nine volumes) followed by the 1931 edition in 25 volumes.
Books
- Prospetto della Flora Trivigiana (Venice 1864)
- Bryotheca Tarvisina (Treviso 1864)
- Della storia e letteratura della Flora Veneta (Milan 1869)
- Sommario d'un corso di botanica (3rd ed., Padua 1880)
- Musci Tarvisini (Treviso 1872)
- Mycologiae Venetae specimen (Padua 1873)
- Mycotheca Veneta (Padua 1874–79)
- Michelis, commentarium mycologicum (Padua 1877 to 1882, 2 volumes.)
- Fungi italici autographie delineati et colorati (Padua 1877–86, with 1,500 tables)
Personal life
He had a son, Domenico Saccardo (1872 - 1952) and daughter, Neffe Francesco Saccardo (1869 - 1896).[1]
Taxa named by him and in his honour
Saccardo was one of the most prolific taxonomists in the history of Fungi. He has described some 1200 fungi species, including 52 that were new to science for one book.[3]
He has also described 3 species of plants;[4]
- Antennaria rectangularis Sacc., Harriman Alaska Exped 5: 34, pl. 3 (1904)[5]
- Hibiscus pentacarpos var. albiflorus Sacc. ex Fiori, Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 165 (1926) now a synonym of Kosteletzkya pentacarpos
- Ophrys integra Sacc., in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. iii. (1871) 165. now a synonym of Ophrys apifera
He was honoured in the naming of various genera and species;
- Saccardoa Trevis. 1869, (Lichenes), synonym of Pseudocyphellaria Vain., 1890
- Saccardia Cooke 1878 (Saccardiaceae family) in Grevillea 7: 49 in 1878.[6]
- Saccardoella {{Au|Speg. 1879, (Sordariomycetes class)]] in Michelia 1(5): 461 in 1879.[7]
- Saccardinula Speg. 1885 (Elsinoaceae family) in Anales Soc. Sci. Argent. 19: 257 in 1885.[8]
- Pasaccardoa Kuntze 1891, (in the Asteraceae family.[9]
- Saccardaea Cavara 1894 now a synonym of Venustosynnema ciliatum.[10]
- Saccardophytum Speg., first published in Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 53: 181 in 1902, now a synonym of Benthamiella.[11]
- Saccardomyces Henn. 1904 (Trichosphaeriaceae family) in Hedwigia 43: 353 in 1904.[12]
- Phaeosaccardinula Henn. 1905 (Chaetothyriaceae family) in Hedwigia 44: XIV, 67 in 1905.[13]
- Neosaccardia Mattir. 1921 (fungi), synonym of Scleroderma Pers., 1801[14]
References
- ^ a b Burkhardt, Lotte (2022). Eine Enzyklopädie zu eponymischen Pflanzennamen [Encyclopedia of eponymic plant names] (pdf) (in German). Berlin: Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin. doi:10.3372/epolist2022. ISBN 978-3-946292-41-8. Retrieved January 27, 2022.
- ^ Forin, Niccolò; Nigris, Sebastiano; Voyron, Samuele; Girlanda, Mariangela; Vizzini, Alfredo; Casadoro, Giorgio; Baldan, Barbara (31 August 2018). "Next Generation Sequencing of Ancient Fungal Specimens: The Case of the Saccardo Mycological Herbarium". Front. Ecol. Evol.,. doi:10.3389/fevo.2018.00129.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ a b "Pier Andrea Saccardo, mycologist: brief biography". www.first-nature.com. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ "Saccardo, Pier Andrea | International Plant Names Index". www.ipni.org. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ "Antennaria rectangularis Sacc. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ "Saccardia - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ "Saccardoella - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ "Saccardinula - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ "'Pasaccardoa Kuntze | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ "Species Fungorum - Names Record". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ "Saccardophytum Speg. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ "Saccardomyces - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ "Phaeosaccardinula - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ "Neosaccardia Mattir". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ International Plant Names Index. Sacc.
- This article is based, in part, on information from the Meyers Konversations-Lexikon of 1890.
Other sources
- Davis, J. J. (August 1920) "Pier Andrea Saccardo" Botanical Gazette 70(2): pp. 156–157
- Dörfelt, Heinrich and Heklau, Heike (1998) Die Geschichte der Mykologie (The History of Mycology) Einhorn-Verlag E. Dietenberger, Schwäbisch Gmünd, ISBN 3-927654-44-2
External links
- "Pier Andrea Saccardo (1845–1921)" Illinois Mycological Association
- Wubah, Daniel A. (1999) "History of Mycology" Towson University, MD
- Saccardo's (1894) Chromotaxia, seu nomenclator colorum... ad usum botanicorum et zoologorum (in English, French, German, Italian, and Latin) – digital facsimile from the Linda Hall Library
