Proverbs 29: Difference between revisions
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{{Bible chapter|letname= Proverbs 29 |previouslink= Proverbs 28 |previousletter= chapter 28 |nextlink= Proverbs 30 |nextletter= chapter 30 |book=[[Book of Proverbs]] |biblepart=[[Old Testament]] | booknum= 21 |category= [[Ketuvim]] | filename= Leningrad-codex-17-proverbs.pdf | size=250px |caption=<div style="width: 250px; text-align: center; line-height: 1em">The whole Book of Proverbs in the [[Leningrad Codex]] (1008 C.E.) from an old fascimile edition.</div>}} |
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#REDIRECT [[Proverbs 25–29]] |
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'''Proverbs 29''' is the 29th [[Chapters and verses of the Bible|chapter]] of the [[Book of Proverbs]] in the [[Hebrew Bible]] or the [[Old Testament]] of the [[Christianity|Christian]] [[Bible]].{{sfn|Halley|1965|p=270}}<ref name=Holman>Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.</ref> The book is a compilation of several wisdom literature collections, with the heading in 1:1 may be intended to regard [[Solomon]] as the traditional author of the whole book, but the dates of the individual collections are difficult to determine, and the book probably obtained its final shape in the post-exilic period.{{sfn|Aitken|2007|p=406}} This chapter is the last part of the fifth collection of the book,<ref>Perdue, L. G. (2012), [https://books.google.com/books?id=uO0hE3D6I40C ''Proverbs''], pp. x–xi</ref> so-called "the Second Solomonic Collection."{{sfn|Aitken|2007|pp=406, 419}} |
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==Text== |
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The original text is written in [[Biblical Hebrew|Hebrew language]]. [[Chapters and verses of the Bible|This chapter is divided into]] 27 verses. |
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===Textual witnesses=== |
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Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in [[Biblical Hebrew|Hebrew]] are of the [[Masoretic Text]], which includes the [[Aleppo Codex]] (10th century), and [[Leningrad Codex|Codex Leningradensis]] (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=36-37}} |
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There is also a translation into [[Koine Greek]] known as the [[Septuagint]], made in the last few centuries BC; some extant ancient manuscripts of this version include [[Codex Vaticanus]] ('''B'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>B</sup>; 4th century), [[Codex Sinaiticus]] ('''S'''; [[Biblia Hebraica (Kittel)|BHK]]: <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>S</sup>; 4th century), and [[Codex Alexandrinus]] ('''A'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>A</sup>; 5th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}} |
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==Analysis== |
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This chapter belongs to a further collection of Solomonic proverbs, transmitted and |
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edited by royal scribes during the reign of [[Hezekiah]], comprising [[Proverbs 25]]–29.{{sfn|Aitken|2007|p=419}} Based on differences in style and subject-matter there could be two originally separate collections:{{sfn|Aitken|2007|p=419}} |
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# Proverbs 25–27: characterized by many similes and the 'earthy' tone |
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# Proverbs 28–29: characterized by many antithetical sayings and the predominantly 'moral and religious' tone (cf. [[Proverbs 10]]–[[Proverbs 15|15]]) |
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===Verse 1=== |
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:''He who is often reproved, yet hardens his neck, |
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::''will suddenly be destroyed, and that without remedy.''<ref>{{bibleref2|Proverbs|29:1|MEV}} [[Modern English Version|MEV]]</ref> |
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submission. |
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*"He who is often reproved": from a Hebrew construction {{lang|he|אִישׁ תּוֹכָחוֹת}} ''ʾish tokhakhot'', "a man of rebukes", meaning "a man who has (or receives) many rebukes" to describe a person 'who is deserving of punishment and who has been given many warnings'.<ref>Note [b] on Proverbs 29:1 in [[New English Translation|NET Bible]]</ref> |
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*"Hardens his neck": or "stiffens his neck" ([[English Standard Version|ESV]]) from a Hebrew idiom {{lang|he|מַקְשֶׁה־עֹרֶף}} ''maqsheh-ʿoref'', "to harden the neck", with the idea of 'resisting the rebukes and persisting in obstinacy' (cf. Exodus 32:9), as the opposite of "bending back" or 'submission'.<ref>Note [a] on Proverbs 29:1 in NET Bible</ref> |
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===Verse 2=== |
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:''When the righteous increase, the people rejoice,'' |
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::''but when the wicked rule, the people groan.''<ref>{{bibleref2|Proverbs|29:2|ESV}} [[English Standard Version|ESV]]</ref> |
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*"When the wicked rule": this cause the groaning of the people 'under an intolerable burden as injustice and violence would flourish unchecked' (verse 2, 16), but righteousness will prevail in the end (cf. Proverbs 11:10–11; 28:12, 28).{{sfn|Aitken|2007|p=421}} |
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==See also== |
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{{columns-list|colwidth=22em| |
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*[[Blessing]] |
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*[[Divine judgment]] |
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*[[Evil]] |
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*[[Flattery]] |
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*[[Humility]] |
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*[[Pride]] |
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*[[Righteousness]] |
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*[[Soul in the Bible]] |
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*[[Theft]] |
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*[[Torah]] |
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*[[Truth]] |
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*[[Understanding]] |
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*[[Wickedness]] |
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*[[Wisdom]] |
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*[[Yahweh|YHWH]]}} |
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*Related [[Bible]] parts: [[Proverbs 10]], [[Proverbs 15]], [[Proverbs 25]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==Sources== |
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*{{cite book|last= Aitken | first= K. T. | chapter = 19. Proverbs | title=The Oxford Bible Commentary | editor-first1=John| editor-last1=Barton |editor1-link = John Barton (theologian) | editor-first2=John| editor-last2= Muddiman |editor2-link = John Muddiman | publisher = Oxford University Press |edition= first (paperback) | date = 2007 | pages = 405–422 | isbn = 978-0199277186 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ| access-date=February 6, 2019}} |
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* {{Cite book |last = Alter |first = Robert |title = The Wisdom Books: Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes: A Translation with Commentary |publisher = W.W. Norton & Co |year = 2010 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=TujOn209Ts8C| isbn = 978-0393080735}} |
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*{{cite book|last= Coogan|first = Michael David| authorlink= Michael D. Coogan |title = The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 |editor-last1=Coogan |editor-first1=Michael David |editor-first2=Marc Zvi |editor-last2= Brettler |editor-first3=Carol Ann |editor-last3= Newsom |editor-first4= Pheme |editor-last4= Perkins |edition= Augmented 3rd |publisher = Oxford University Press |year =2007 |isbn = 9780195288810 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ}} |
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* {{Cite book |last = Farmer |first = Kathleen A. |chapter = The Wisdom Books |editor1-last = McKenzie |editor1-first = Steven L. |editor2-last = Graham |editor2-first = Matt Patrick |title = The Hebrew Bible Today: An Introduction to Critical Issues |publisher = Westminster John Knox Press |year = 1998 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=owwhpmIVgSAC |isbn = 978-0-66425652-4}} |
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* {{Cite book |last = Fox |first = Michael V. | authorlink= Michael V. Fox |title = Proverbs 10-31: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary | series= Anchor Yale Bible Commentaries |publisher = Yale University Press |year = 2009 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=3IJsciPDEWoC | isbn = 978-0300155563}} |
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*{{cite book|last= Halley| first= Henry H.| authorlink= Henry Hampton Halley| title= Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary |edition=24th (revised)|publisher= Zondervan Publishing House |date= 1965 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=zsG4oLToI7oC | isbn= 0-310-25720-4}} |
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* {{Cite book |last = Perdue |first = Leo G. | authorlink= |title = Proverbs Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching | series= |publisher = Presbyterian Publishing Corporation |year = 2012 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=uO0hE3D6I40C | isbn = 978-0664238841}} |
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*{{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | author-link = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes | isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}} |
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==External links== |
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* [[Judaism|Jewish]] translations: |
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** [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16401 Mishlei - Proverbs - Chapter 29 (Judaica Press)] translation [with [[Rashi]]'s commentary] at Chabad.org |
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* [[Christianity|Christian]] translations: |
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** [http://www.gospelhall.org/bible/bible.php?passage=Proverbs+29 ''Online Bible'' at GospelHall.org] (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English) |
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* [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?book_id=24&chapter=29&version=9 Book of Proverbs Chapter 29 King James Version] |
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* {{librivox book | title=Book of Proverbs}} Various versions |
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{{Book of Proverbs}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Proverbs 29}} |
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<!--[[Category:Proverbs 29| ]]--> |
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[[Category:Book of Proverbs chapters|29]] |
Revision as of 21:44, 14 June 2022
Proverbs 29 | |
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Book | Book of Proverbs |
Category | Ketuvim |
Christian Bible part | Old Testament |
Order in the Christian part | 21 |
Proverbs 29 is the 29th chapter of the Book of Proverbs in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.[1][2] The book is a compilation of several wisdom literature collections, with the heading in 1:1 may be intended to regard Solomon as the traditional author of the whole book, but the dates of the individual collections are difficult to determine, and the book probably obtained its final shape in the post-exilic period.[3] This chapter is the last part of the fifth collection of the book,[4] so-called "the Second Solomonic Collection."[5]
Text
The original text is written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 27 verses.
Textual witnesses
Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text, which includes the Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).[6]
There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BC; some extant ancient manuscripts of this version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: S; 4th century), and Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century).[7]
Analysis
This chapter belongs to a further collection of Solomonic proverbs, transmitted and edited by royal scribes during the reign of Hezekiah, comprising Proverbs 25–29.[8] Based on differences in style and subject-matter there could be two originally separate collections:[8]
- Proverbs 25–27: characterized by many similes and the 'earthy' tone
- Proverbs 28–29: characterized by many antithetical sayings and the predominantly 'moral and religious' tone (cf. Proverbs 10–15)
Verse 1
- He who is often reproved, yet hardens his neck,
- will suddenly be destroyed, and that without remedy.[9]
submission.
- "He who is often reproved": from a Hebrew construction אִישׁ תּוֹכָחוֹת ʾish tokhakhot, "a man of rebukes", meaning "a man who has (or receives) many rebukes" to describe a person 'who is deserving of punishment and who has been given many warnings'.[10]
- "Hardens his neck": or "stiffens his neck" (ESV) from a Hebrew idiom מַקְשֶׁה־עֹרֶף maqsheh-ʿoref, "to harden the neck", with the idea of 'resisting the rebukes and persisting in obstinacy' (cf. Exodus 32:9), as the opposite of "bending back" or 'submission'.[11]
Verse 2
- When the righteous increase, the people rejoice,
- but when the wicked rule, the people groan.[12]
- "When the wicked rule": this cause the groaning of the people 'under an intolerable burden as injustice and violence would flourish unchecked' (verse 2, 16), but righteousness will prevail in the end (cf. Proverbs 11:10–11; 28:12, 28).[13]
See also
References
- ^ Halley 1965, p. 270.
- ^ Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.
- ^ Aitken 2007, p. 406.
- ^ Perdue, L. G. (2012), Proverbs, pp. x–xi
- ^ Aitken 2007, pp. 406, 419.
- ^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 36–37.
- ^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
- ^ a b Aitken 2007, p. 419.
- ^ Proverbs 29:1 MEV
- ^ Note [b] on Proverbs 29:1 in NET Bible
- ^ Note [a] on Proverbs 29:1 in NET Bible
- ^ Proverbs 29:2 ESV
- ^ Aitken 2007, p. 421.
Sources
- Aitken, K. T. (2007). "19. Proverbs". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 405–422. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
- Alter, Robert (2010). The Wisdom Books: Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes: A Translation with Commentary. W.W. Norton & Co. ISBN 978-0393080735.
- Coogan, Michael David (2007). Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann; Perkins, Pheme (eds.). The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 (Augmented 3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195288810.
- Farmer, Kathleen A. (1998). "The Wisdom Books". In McKenzie, Steven L.; Graham, Matt Patrick (eds.). The Hebrew Bible Today: An Introduction to Critical Issues. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 978-0-66425652-4.
- Fox, Michael V. (2009). Proverbs 10-31: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary. Anchor Yale Bible Commentaries. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300155563.
- Halley, Henry H. (1965). Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary (24th (revised) ed.). Zondervan Publishing House. ISBN 0-310-25720-4.
- Perdue, Leo G. (2012). Proverbs Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching. Presbyterian Publishing Corporation. ISBN 978-0664238841.
- Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The Text of the Old Testament. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved January 26, 2019.
External links
- Jewish translations:
- Mishlei - Proverbs - Chapter 29 (Judaica Press) translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org
- Christian translations:
- Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
- Book of Proverbs Chapter 29 King James Version
- Book of Proverbs public domain audiobook at LibriVox Various versions