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There is also a translation into [[Koine Greek]] known as the [[Septuagint]], made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include [[Codex Vaticanus]] ('''B'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>B</sup>; 4th century), [[Codex Alexandrinus]] ('''A'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>A</sup>; 5th century) and [[Codex Marchalianus]] ('''Q'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>Q</sup>; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}{{efn|Book of Hosea is missing from the extant [[Codex Sinaiticus]].<ref>{{cite book| last= Shepherd|first= Michael |title= A Commentary on the Book of the Twelve: The Minor Prophets | series= Kregel Exegetical Library | publisher= Kregel Academic | year= 2018 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=_iNZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13|isbn= 978-0825444593 | page= 13}}</ref>}}
There is also a translation into [[Koine Greek]] known as the [[Septuagint]], made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include [[Codex Vaticanus]] ('''B'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>B</sup>; 4th century), [[Codex Alexandrinus]] ('''A'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>A</sup>; 5th century) and [[Codex Marchalianus]] ('''Q'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>Q</sup>; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}{{efn|Book of Hosea is missing from the extant [[Codex Sinaiticus]].<ref>{{cite book| last= Shepherd|first= Michael |title= A Commentary on the Book of the Twelve: The Minor Prophets | series= Kregel Exegetical Library | publisher= Kregel Academic | year= 2018 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=_iNZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13|isbn= 978-0825444593 | page= 13}}</ref>}}


=={{Anchor|Verse 1—3}}Israel's Sickness unto Death and Hosea's Exhortation to Repentance
⚫
==Verse 1==
This section continues the passage starting in Hosea 5:8, which concerns the time of the
Syro-Ephraimite war (735-733 BCE) and its aftermath (733-731 BCE).{{sfn|Day|2007|p=574}}
Whereas in 5:8—15 Hosea states divine judgment on both Judah and Israel in their internecine strife, that [[YHWH]] will send sickness and death, in 6:1-3 he proclaims the hope of revival if the people are willing accept his
exhortation to repent.{{sfn|Day|2007|p=574}}

⚫
===Verse 1===
:''Come, and let us return unto the Lord:''
:''Come, and let us return unto the Lord:''
::''for he hath torn, and he will heal us;''
::''for he hath torn, and he will heal us;''
:::''he hath smitten, and he will bind us up.''<ref>{{bibleverse|Hosea|6:1|KJV}} [[King James Version|KJV]]</ref>
:::''he hath smitten, and he will bind us up.''<ref>{{bibleverse|Hosea|6:1|KJV}} [[King James Version|KJV]]</ref>
* "Come and let us return unto the Lord": These words depend closely on the foregoing. They are words put into their mouth by God Himself, with which or with the like, they should exhort one another to return to God. Before, when God smote them, they had gone to Assyria; now they should turn to Him, owning, not only that He who "tore" has the power and the will to "heal" them, but that He tore, "in order to" heal them; He smote them, "in order to" bind them up. This closeness of connection is expressed in the last words; literally, "smite He and He will bind us up."<ref name=barnes>[[Albert Barnes (theologian)|Barnes, Albert]]. Notes on the Old Testament. London, Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998.{{PD-notice}}</ref>
* "Come and let us return unto the Lord": These words should come out of the people's mouth exhorting one another to return to God, instead of going to others, such as to Assyria, because only God who "tore" has the power and the will to "heal" them, but that He tore, "in order to" heal them; He smote them, "in order to" bind them up. This closeness of connection is expressed in the last words; literally, "smite He and He will bind us up."<ref name=barnes>[[Albert Barnes (theologian)|Barnes, Albert]]. Notes on the Old Testament. London, Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998.{{PD-notice}}</ref>
* "Let us return": in order that God who has "returned to His place" "may return to us" ({{bibleref2|Hosea|5:15}})<ref name=jfb>Robert Jamieson, Andrew Robert Fausset; David Brown. ''[[Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary|Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible]]''. 1871.{{PD-notice}}</ref>
* "Let us return": in order that God who has "returned to His place" "may return to us" ({{bibleref2|Hosea|5:15}})<ref name=jfb>Robert Jamieson, Andrew Robert Fausset; David Brown. ''[[Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary|Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible]]''. 1871.{{PD-notice}}</ref>
* "He hath torn, and he will heal us": The presence of the pronoun imparts emphasis to the statement, so that it is rather than "he": "it is that hath torn"; and the preterit of this verse, compared with the future in verse 14 of the foregoing chapter, implies that the destruction there predicted has become an accomplished fact.<ref name=pulpit>Joseph S. Exell; Henry Donald Maurice Spence-Jones (Editors). The [[Pulpit Commentary]]. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890.{{PD-notice}}</ref>
* "He hath torn, and he will heal us": The presence of the pronoun imparts emphasis to the statement, so that it is rather than "he": "it is that hath torn"; and the preterit of this verse, compared with the future in verse 14 of the foregoing chapter, implies that the destruction there predicted has become an accomplished fact.<ref name=pulpit>Joseph S. Exell; Henry Donald Maurice Spence-Jones (Editors). The [[Pulpit Commentary]]. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890.{{PD-notice}}</ref>

Revision as of 16:28, 13 May 2022

Hosea 6
4Q166 "The Hosea Commentary Scroll", late first century B.C.
BookBook of Hosea
CategoryNevi'im
Christian Bible partOld Testament
Order in the Christian part28

Hosea 6 is the sixth chapter of the Book of Hosea in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.[1][2] This chapter contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Hosea son of Beeri, about an exhortation to repentance (Hosea 6:1-3) and a complaint against Israel and Judah for persisting still in their wickedness (Hosea 6:4-11).[3] It is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets.[4][5]

Text

The original text was written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 11 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).[6] Fragments containing parts of this chapter in Hebrew were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, including 4Q82 (4QXIIg; 25 BCE) with extant verse 3–4, 8–11.[7][8][9][10]

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century).[11][a]

==Israel's Sickness unto Death and Hosea's Exhortation to Repentance This section continues the passage starting in Hosea 5:8, which concerns the time of the Syro-Ephraimite war (735-733 BCE) and its aftermath (733-731 BCE).[13] Whereas in 5:8—15 Hosea states divine judgment on both Judah and Israel in their internecine strife, that YHWH will send sickness and death, in 6:1-3 he proclaims the hope of revival if the people are willing accept his exhortation to repent.[13]

Verse 1

Come, and let us return unto the Lord:
for he hath torn, and he will heal us;
he hath smitten, and he will bind us up.[14]
  • "Come and let us return unto the Lord": These words should come out of the people's mouth exhorting one another to return to God, instead of going to others, such as to Assyria, because only God who "tore" has the power and the will to "heal" them, but that He tore, "in order to" heal them; He smote them, "in order to" bind them up. This closeness of connection is expressed in the last words; literally, "smite He and He will bind us up."[15]
  • "Let us return": in order that God who has "returned to His place" "may return to us" (Hosea 5:15)[3]
  • "He hath torn, and he will heal us": The presence of the pronoun imparts emphasis to the statement, so that it is rather than "he": "it is that hath torn"; and the preterit of this verse, compared with the future in verse 14 of the foregoing chapter, implies that the destruction there predicted has become an accomplished fact.[16]
  • "He will bind us up": the same hand that has torn will heal and that has smitten will bind up, and none else can; and therefore there is a necessity of returning to him for healing and a cure, Deuteronomy 32:39; and his tearing is in order to heal, and his smiting in order to bind up; and, as sure as he has done the one, he will do the other, and therefore there is great encouragement to apply to him; all which the Jews will be sensible of in the last day; and then the Lord, who is now tearing them in his wrath, and smiting them in his sore displeasure, both in their civil and church state, dispersing them among the nations, and has been so doing for many hundred years, will "bind up the breach of his people, and heal the stroke of their wound", Isaiah 30:26; and so the Lord deals with all his people, who are truly and really converted by him.[17]

Verse 2

After two days will he revive us: in the third day he will raise us up, and we shall live in his sight.[18]
  • "After two days... on the third day": can be rendered as 'after a short while'; cf. 'etmol silsom, 'formerly', literally, 'yesterday, the third day'.[19]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Book of Hosea is missing from the extant Codex Sinaiticus.[12]

References

  1. ^ Halley, Henry H. Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary. 24th edition. Zondervan Publishing House. 1965. p. 355
  2. ^ Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.
  3. ^ a b Robert Jamieson, Andrew Robert Fausset; David Brown. Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible. 1871.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  4. ^ Metzger, Bruce M., et al. The Oxford Companion to the Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
  5. ^ Keck, Leander E. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume: VII. Nashville: Abingdon.
  6. ^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.
  7. ^ Ulrich 2010, p. 593.
  8. ^ Dead sea scrolls - Hosea
  9. ^ Fitzmyer 2008, p. 39.
  10. ^ 4Q82 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  11. ^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
  12. ^ Shepherd, Michael (2018). A Commentary on the Book of the Twelve: The Minor Prophets. Kregel Exegetical Library. Kregel Academic. p. 13. ISBN 978-0825444593.
  13. ^ a b Day 2007, p. 574.
  14. ^ Hosea 6:1 KJV
  15. ^ Barnes, Albert. Notes on the Old Testament. London, Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  16. ^ Joseph S. Exell; Henry Donald Maurice Spence-Jones (Editors). The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  17. ^ John Gill. John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible. Exposition of the Old and New Testament. Published in 1746-1763.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  18. ^ Hosea 6:2 KJV
  19. ^ Day 2007, p. 575.

Sources

Jewish

Christian

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