Kodak Panoram: Difference between revisions
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== Users == |
== Users == |
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Being portable and simple in operation, with the advantage of storing a number of panoramas on a film roll, |
Being portable and simple in operation, with the advantage of storing a number of panoramas on a film roll. [[Charles J. Kleingrothe]]'s late-19th century photographs of [[Sumatra|Sumatran]] Dutch East Indies were made with the Panoram, and are considered key visual records of colonial Peninsular Malaya, especially of its tin-mining and rubber industries.<ref>Tan, B. (2010). ''Early Tourist Guidebooks: The Illustrated Guide to the Federated Malay States''. BiblioAsia.</ref> It was used in the 1921 reconnaissance of Mount Everest,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mallory|first=George Leigh|date=1922-02|title=Mount Everest: The Reconnaissance|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1781387|journal=The Geographical Journal|volume=59|issue=2|pages=100|doi=10.2307/1781387|issn=0016-7398}}</ref> by adventurers like [[Melvin Vaniman]] and archaeologist [[Hiram Bingham III]], and by [[Pictorialism|Pictorialist]] and postcard publisher [[Robert Vere Scott]]. Bingham, having first seen [[Machu Picchu|Macchu Picchu]] in 1911, for his 1912 expedition wrote to [[George Eastman]], who was to supply his photographic equipment;<blockquote>"...it would be extremely advisable to have one Panoram Kodak in the outfit ... Can you give me some advice on this? ... In many of the deep canyons where we are expecting to work, it needs a Panoram Kodak to show the opposite side of the mountain up to the top .... If you can give us three new 3A Specials, and one No. 4 Panoram we shall have nine Kodaks in the outfit and ought to be well equipped for the scientific work that lies ahead of us."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hall|first=Amy Cox|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/313671|title=Framing a Lost City|date=2017|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=978-1-4773-1369-5|pages=73-76}}</ref></blockquote> |
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In World War I, [[Ernest Brooks (photographer)|Ernest Brooks]] and Canadian official war photographer William Rider-Rider both used the Panoram No.4.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Carmichael|first=Jane|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1059513883|title=First World War photographers|date=1989|isbn=978-1-136-09276-3|location=Oxfordshire|oclc=1059513883}}</ref> |
In World War I, [[Ernest Brooks (photographer)|Ernest Brooks]] and Canadian official war photographer William Rider-Rider both used the Panoram No.4.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Carmichael|first=Jane|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1059513883|title=First World War photographers|date=1989|isbn=978-1-136-09276-3|location=Oxfordshire|oclc=1059513883}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 05:47, 4 May 2021
The Kodak Panoram camera was a roll-film swing-lens panoramic camera made in Rochester, New York, USA by Eastman Kodak between 1899-1928.
Design
The design was patented by Kodak Brownie designer Frank A. Brownell[1][2][3] and released as a series of models.[4][5] It was about the size of a shoe-box and could be hand-held for shooting landscapes.[6]
The Panoram No.1 had a swinging Goerz Dagor lens housed in a light-proof leather tube which projected the image progressively during its scan onto flexible 120 film,[7] held against a back plate curved to match the movement of the lens. The swinging mechanism constituted the shutter since the lens tube did not point at the film at either end of its travel. A fold-down door covered the lens when not in use, except on Model 4. Framing was achieved using a brilliant finder mounted centrally on the top-front edge - some with a cover providing a mirror for eye-level use, supplemented by V-shaped sighting-lines across the top of the camera. A spirit level at the viewfinder aligned the shot with the horizon line. The No.1 captured 120º field of view, and produced negatives[8] 5.71 cm H x 17.78cm W .[9] The No.4 encompassed 140º and negatives were 8.89cm H x 30.48cm W.[10]
Users
Being portable and simple in operation, with the advantage of storing a number of panoramas on a film roll. Charles J. Kleingrothe's late-19th century photographs of Sumatran Dutch East Indies were made with the Panoram, and are considered key visual records of colonial Peninsular Malaya, especially of its tin-mining and rubber industries.[11] It was used in the 1921 reconnaissance of Mount Everest,[12] by adventurers like Melvin Vaniman and archaeologist Hiram Bingham III, and by Pictorialist and postcard publisher Robert Vere Scott. Bingham, having first seen Macchu Picchu in 1911, for his 1912 expedition wrote to George Eastman, who was to supply his photographic equipment;
"...it would be extremely advisable to have one Panoram Kodak in the outfit ... Can you give me some advice on this? ... In many of the deep canyons where we are expecting to work, it needs a Panoram Kodak to show the opposite side of the mountain up to the top .... If you can give us three new 3A Specials, and one No. 4 Panoram we shall have nine Kodaks in the outfit and ought to be well equipped for the scientific work that lies ahead of us."[13]
In World War I, Ernest Brooks and Canadian official war photographer William Rider-Rider both used the Panoram No.4.[14]
Pricing
At the turn of the century Fred E. Munsey & Co in Los Angeles was advertising Panoram models at US$8 $26 for No.1 and N0.4 respectively, little more expensive than the Folding Pocket Kodaks, and In 1913 "Universal Providers" William Whitely Ltd., of Queens Rd in London priced the No.1 model at ₤2 10 0, and the No.4 ₤3 10 0 (£297.40 in 2020) and described the camera;
"Takes marvellously realistic pictures of broad stretches of landscape and seascape, open spaces in cities, squares. etc. Large groups of people, reviews, regattas, etc.. are all most vividly recorded by the Panoram Kodak. When held vertically, most artistic panel pictures are obtainable, such as waterfalls, mountains. etc. Simplicity itself. Loaded and Unloaded in Daylight."[15]
References
- ^ Brayer, Elizabeth (2006), George Eastman : a biography, University of Rochester Press, p. 84, ISBN 978-1-58046-247-1
- ^ [1], "Panoramic camera.", issued 1899-11-07
- ^ [2], "Shutter for photographic cameras.", issued 1900-10-24
- ^ Price guide to antique and classic cameras, eleventh edition, 2001-2002. James M. McKeown, Joan C. McKeown (11th ed.). Grantsburg, Wis.: Centennial Photo Service. 2001. ISBN 0-931838-33-9. OCLC 46691269.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Coe, Brian (1978). Cameras : from Daguerreotypes to instant pictures. New York: Crown Publishers. pp. 171, 175. ISBN 0-517-53381-2. OCLC 3730724.
- ^ Emily J. Minor, "Then & Now", The Palm Beach Post (West Palm Beach, Florida) Sunday 24 Mar 1996, p.61
- ^ "37 Photographic or cinematographic goods: United Kingdom". dx.doi.org. 2021-02-17. p. 153. Retrieved 2021-05-04.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Warren, Lyn (2006). Encyclopedia of twentieth-century photography. Lynne Warren. New York: Routledge. p. 1194. ISBN 978-0-203-94338-0. OCLC 190846013.
- ^ Scott, R. Vere (1901), Camels and men gather at the start of the expedition to survey the Trans-Australian Railway, retrieved 2021-05-01
- ^ The photographic collector, Bishopsgate Press, 1982, p. 150-151, ISSN 0260-5155
- ^ Tan, B. (2010). Early Tourist Guidebooks: The Illustrated Guide to the Federated Malay States. BiblioAsia.
- ^ Mallory, George Leigh (1922-02). "Mount Everest: The Reconnaissance". The Geographical Journal. 59 (2): 100. doi:10.2307/1781387. ISSN 0016-7398.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Hall, Amy Cox (2017). Framing a Lost City. University of Texas Press. pp. 73–76. ISBN 978-1-4773-1369-5.
- ^ Carmichael, Jane (1989). First World War photographers. Oxfordshire. ISBN 978-1-136-09276-3. OCLC 1059513883.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ William Whitely Ltd., Queens Rd London General Price List, Foreign Edition, Section II October, 1913. (1913). United Kingdom, p. 1121