September 1924

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September 28, 1924: U.S. Army Lieutenants Smith, Arnold, Nelson and Harding return to Seattle, become the first persons to fly around the world

The following events occurred in September 1924:

September 1, 1924 (Monday)[edit]

September 2, 1924 (Tuesday)[edit]

Indianapolis winners Dario Resta (1916) and Joe Boyer (1924)

September 3, 1924 (Wednesday)[edit]

September 4, 1924 (Thursday)[edit]

  • British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald made a frank speech to the League of Nations Assembly in Geneva, essentially ending further discussion on the proposed "Treaty of Mutual Guarantee" that would replace existing national armies with an international armed force.[15][16] MacDonald said that history had demonstrated that military alliances were no guarantor of security, and that to provide security, Germany and Russia must be admitted to the League. He added, "If we cannot devise proper arbitration let us go back to competitive armaments and military pacts and prepare for the inevitable next war." As to representatives of small nations he said, "Pact or no pact, you will be invaded, devastated and crushed. You are certain to be the victims of the military age."[17][18]
  • Max Huber was elected as the second president of the Permanent Court of International Justice, commonly called the "World Court" and an attachment to the League of Nations.[19]
  • Born:
  • Died: Constance Gordon-Cumming, 87, Scottish travel writer and painter noted for her detailed accounts and illustrations from her world travels[22]

September 5, 1924 (Friday)[edit]

  • The Trades Union Congress at Hull in England voted to take industrial action to stop war if necessary.[23]
  • The three remaining planes of the American round-the-world flyers (Chicago, New Orleans and Boston II) and their two-member crews returned to U.S. airspace and landed near Brunswick, Maine in a dense fog. To complete their journey, they were still required to return to Seattle.[24]
  • The same officers who had carried out the "ruido de sables" in Chile on September 3, led by Colonel Marmaduke Grove, entered the office of President Arturo Alessandri and demanded that he dismiss his Interior Minister, as well as to have him pressure the Congtress to enact a labor code, a reformed income tax law, and the raising military salaries. Faced with his overthrow, President Alessandri complied with Grove's demands and appointed General Luis Altamirano as the new Minister of the Interior.
  • Evgen Gvaladze, who had attempted an armed rebellion in the Georgian SSR, was arrested by Soviet authorities. Gvaladze was released in March as part of a general amnesty for political prisoners.
  • Born: Paul Dietzel, American college football coach who led the LSU Tigers to an undefeated season in 1958 and the national championship, as determined by the AP and UPI polls; in Fremont, Ohio (d. 2013)

September 6, 1924 (Saturday)[edit]

Miss Malcolmson

September 7, 1924 (Sunday)[edit]

  • Spanish dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera issued a manifesto to the army appealing for an extension of his emergency powers, saying, "One year is too short a time to attempt to carry out the work which lay before the directorio when we assumed power."[28]
  • The film Dante's Inferno was released.
  • Born:
Senator Inouye
    • Daniel Inouye, American politician of Japanese descent and Medal of Honor recipient for heroism in World War II; in Honolulu.(d. 2012) Inouye was the first U.S. Representative for Hawaii (1959 to 1963 as the at-large Congressman), U.S. Senator (1963 to 2012), and President pro tempore of the Senate from 2010 to 2012.[29]
    • Eugene R. Folk, American ophthalmologist and specialist in treatment of strabismus;
  • Died: Georg von Hantelmann, 25, German fighter pilot and ace with 25 shootdowns during World War I, was killed on his farm in Prussia after confronting trespassers.[30]

September 8, 1924 (Monday)[edit]

September 9, 1924 (Tuesday)[edit]

September 10, 1924 (Wednesday)[edit]

September 11, 1924 (Thursday)[edit]

September 12, 1924 (Friday)[edit]

September 13, 1924 (Saturday)[edit]

September 14, 1924 (Sunday)[edit]

September 15, 1924 (Monday)[edit]

September 16, 1924 (Tuesday)[edit]

Lauren Bacall in 1945

September 17, 1924 (Wednesday)[edit]

September 18, 1924 (Thursday)[edit]

  • The U.S. military occupation of the Dominican Republic came to an end after more than eight years.[66] Since May 5, 1916, when the U.S. Marines had arrived to maintain order while the Caribbean nation's customs revenues were take control of by the American government in order for the Dominican Republic to pay its debts. Upon completing its withdrawal after three months, the U.S. Marines turned over police power to the Dominican Republic National Police Force.
  • The Mahatma Gandhi began a 21-day fast of despair over the recent riots between Hindus and Muslims.[67]
  • Born:
  • Died: George Walker, English-born South African prospector who discovered the gold deposits of Witwatersrand in 1886, but received no credit for his discovery, died in poverty at the age of 71.[69]

September 19, 1924 (Friday)[edit]

  • Alexander Krasnoshchyokov, Soviet Communist politician and the former party leader in the Far Eastern Republic, became the first prominent Bolshevik and ally of the late Vladimir Lenin to be arrested by the government on order of Joseph Stalin.[70] Convicted on charges of corruption, Krasnoshchyokov would be released four months later and be allowed to rejoin the Soviet government in the autumn of 1925, though eventually losing favor again with Stalin and being executed in 1937.
  • The Bukhara People's Soviet Republic, with a capital at Bukhara, was established by Uzbek, Tajik and Russian Communists in what is now Uzbekistan, and applied to be admitted to the Soviet Union.[71] It would exist for less than six weeks.
  • Born:
  • Died:

September 20, 1924 (Saturday)[edit]

September 21, 1924 (Sunday)[edit]

  • The Autostrada, the world's first divided highway, opened to motor traffic in Italy. An improvement to existing limited-access roads, the Autostrada had only one lane in each direction and no exits along its high-speed 42.6 kilometres (26.5 mi) route between Milan and Varese.[76]
  • Three days of voting concluded for the 230 seats of the lower house (andra kammares) of the Riksdag. The Social Democrat Workers Party (Socialdemokratiska arbetareparti), led by former Prime Minister Hjalmar Branting, increased its plurality to 104 seats, still 12 short of a majority.[77]
  • Spanish Army Lieutenant Colonel Francisco Franco, angry with the plans of Prime Minister Miguel Primo de Rivera to pull back troops fighting the Rif War in Morocco, approached General Gonzalo Queipo de Llano and proposed that General Queipo lead a coup d'état to overthrow the premier.[78] The General declined the suggestion, and Franco postponed his plans to lead a right-wing revolution against the Spanish government.
  • U.S. President Calvin Coolidge condemned socialism in a speech in Washington made during the closing exercises of a convention of the Society of the Holy Name. "Socialism and communism cannot be reconciled with the principles which our institutions represent", Coolidge said in a statement interpreted as a criticism of rival presidential candidate Robert M. La Follette. "They are entirely foreign, entirely un-American. We stand wholly committed to the policy that what the individual produces belongs entirely to him to be used to the benefit of himself, to provide for his own family and to enable him to serve his fellow man."[79]
  • The action film Roaring Rails, starring Harry Carey, was released.
  • The rugby union club FC Barcelona Rugby was formed in Spain.

September 22, 1924 (Monday)[edit]

September 23, 1924 (Tuesday)[edit]

September 24, 1924 (Wednesday)[edit]

  • British racer Malcolm Campbell broke the record for fastest speed on land, driving "Blue Bird", a Sunbeam 350HP with a V12 engine, at 146.18 miles per hour (235.25 km/h) at Pendine Sands. Campbell edged the records set in July by Ernest Eldridge (145.89 mph on July 12) and René Thomas (143.31 mph on July 6).
  • The Indian civil rights organization Samata Sainik Dal, which began its 100th year in 2023, was founded by B. R. Ambedkar with a mission of "safeguarding the rights of all oppressed sections of Indian society."[89]
  • The Tamil language newspaper Tamil Nesan published its first issue.[90] Aimed at ethnic Indians in British Malaya, and later for Malaysia, Tamil Nesan was notable for its duration. It would continue for more than 74 years before ceasing publication in 2019.[91]
  • Sculptor Gutzon Borglum arrived in the U.S. state of South Dakota at the invitation of Doane Robinson to carry out plans to carve a statue of four American presidents in the state's Black Hills.[92] Borglum's first choice of sites was the 150 feet (46 m) tall granite pillars known as The Needles, but soon decided that the eroding, fragile rock formation could not support carving.[93] After considering, and rejecting, Black Elk Peak, Borglum would eventually settle on Mount Rushmore.
  • Dazzy Vance of the Brooklyn Robins became only the sixth pitcher in major-league history to throw an immaculate inning, striking out all three batters on nine total pitches in the third inning of a 6–5 win over the Chicago Cubs.[94]
  • The experimental short film Ballet Mécanique, directed by Fernand Léger and Dudley Murphy with a musical score by George Antheil, premiered in Vienna.
  • Born: Nina Bocharova, Soviet/Ukrainian gymnast (d. 2020)

September 25, 1924 (Thursday)[edit]

September 26, 1924 (Friday)[edit]

September 27, 1924 (Saturday)[edit]

  • As China's Fengtiang province was on the verge of losing the Zhili–Fengtian War that Fengtian's leader Zhang Zuolin had started on September 15, Governor Zheng Shiqi of the Anhui province telegraphed China's President Cao Kun for aid. Cao Kun sent 250,000 troops to Manchuria to resist the Fengtian troops, although the additional aid failed to prevent the Fengtian takeover.[104]
  • British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald told a gathering in Derby that his government had secured many valuable concessions in its treaties with the Soviet Union and if the House of Commons failed to ratify them, he would send the country to another general election.[105]
  • Essendon FC (2-0-0) played against Richmond Tigers (1-0-1) in the final championship series of a round robin tournament between the four Victorian Football League finalists (Essendon, Richmond, Fitzroy Maroons and South Melbourne FC). Despite losing to Richmond, 73 to 86, Essendon won the championship of the tournament. While both teams had finished with records of 2 wins and 1 loss (for 8 points in the standings, based on four for a win and one for a tie), and Richmond had beaten Essendon, the winner was declared based on the ratio of points for against points against. In its first two games, Essendon had scored 130 against 57 for the opposition, while Richmond had 141 against 133. To gain the crown, Richmond would have had to score 66 points more than Essendon in their match. While the tournament winner would normally have played the Grand Final against the team that ended the regular season in first place, Essendon had finished first, so no grand final was played.[106]
  • The New York Giants clinched the National League pennant with a 5–1 win over the Philadelphia Phillies.[107][108]
  • The auto racing team of driver Kenelm Lee Guinness and riding mechanic Tom Barrett crashed at the San Sebastián Grand Prix in Spain. Barrett was killed, and Guinness was seriously injured and would never return to racing.[109]

September 28, 1924 (Sunday)[edit]

  • The four remaining American aviators in the round-the-world flight expedition completed their journey by landing at Sand Point in Seattle in the airplanes Chicago (with pilot Lowell H. Smith and co-pilot Leslie P. Arnold) and New Orleans (with pilot Erik H. Nelson and co-pilot John Harding Jr), all four of whom were U.S. Army lieutenants.[110] Four planes (with 8 total crew) had departed from Sand Point on April 6. Including stops for rest and maintenance, the trip took 175 days and covered 27,553 miles (44,342 km). Time 363 hours and 7 minutes.[111]
  • The Cecil B. DeMille-directed film Feet of Clay was released.
  • The Nestorian rebellion ended.[45]

September 29, 1924 (Monday)[edit]

September 30, 1924 (Tuesday)[edit]

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