List of amphibians of Alabama

The U.S. state of Alabama has 73 known indigenous amphibian species.^[1] These indigenous species include 30 frog and toad species and 43 salamander species.^[2]^[3]^[4] Two of these native species may have become extirpated within the state. They are the Mississippi gopher frog and flatwoods salamander.^[1]^[5]

Human predation, pollution, and habitat destruction has placed several amphibian species at risk of extirpation or extinction. The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources lists the conservation status of each species within the state with a rank of lowest, low, moderate, high, and highest concern.^[1]

Frogs and toads[edit]

Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
Bufo americanus	American toad	Bufonidae	Lowest
Bufo fowleri	Fowler's toad	Bufonidae	Lowest
Bufo quercicus	oak toad	Bufonidae	Moderate
Bufo terrestris	southern toad	Bufonidae	Lowest
Acris crepitans	northern cricket frog	Hylidae	Low
Acris gryllus	southern cricket frog	Hylidae	Lowest
Hyla andersonii	pine barrens treefrog	Hylidae	High
Hyla avivoca	bird-voiced treefrog	Hylidae	Lowest
Hyla chrysoscelis	Cope's gray treefrog	Hylidae	Lowest
Hyla cinerea	American green treefrog	Hylidae	Lowest
Hyla femoralis	pine woods treefrog	Hylidae	Lowest
Hyla gratiosa	barking treefrog	Hylidae	Low
Hyla squirella	squirrel treefrog	Hylidae	Low
Pseudacris brachyphona	mountain chorus frog	Hylidae	Lowest
Pseudacris crucifer	spring peeper	Hylidae	Lowest
Pseudacris feriarum	upland chorus frog	Hylidae	Lowest
Pseudacris nigrita	southern chorus frog	Hylidae	Lowest
Pseudacris ocularis	little grass frog	Hylidae	High
Pseudacris ornata	ornate chorus frog	Hylidae	Moderate
Eleutherodactylus planirostris	greenhouse frog	Eleutherodactylidae	Exotic, Native to Cuba and the Caribbean.
Gastrophryne carolinensis	eastern narrowmouth toad	Microhylidae	Lowest
Scaphiopus holbrookii	eastern spadefoot	Pelobatidae	Low
Rana capito	gopher frog	Ranidae	Highest
Rana catesbeiana	American bullfrog	Ranidae	Lowest
Rana clamitans ssp.	bronze frog green frog	Ranidae	Lowest
Rana grylio	pig frog	Ranidae	Lowest
Rana sevosa	Mississippi gopher frog	Ranidae	Possibly extirpated/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as endangered
Lithobates heckscheri	river frog	Ranidae	Highest
Rana palustris	pickerel frog	Ranidae	Low
Rana sphenocephala	southern leopard frog	Ranidae	Lowest
Rana sylvatica	wood frog	Ranidae	Moderate

Salamanders[edit]

Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
Ambystoma cingulatum	flatwoods salamander	Ambystomatidae	Possibly extirpated/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as threatened
Ambystoma maculatum	spotted salamander	Ambystomatidae	Low
Ambystoma opacum	marbled salamander	Ambystomatidae	Low
Ambystoma talpoideum	mole salamander	Ambystomatidae	Low
Ambystoma texanum	smallmouth salamander	Ambystomatidae	Moderate
Ambystoma tigrinum	eastern tiger salamander	Ambystomatidae	Moderate
Amphiuma means	two-toed amphiuma	Amphiumidae	Low
Amphiuma pholeter	one-toed amphiuma	Amphiumidae	High
Amphiuma tridactylum	three-toed amphiuma	Amphiumidae	Low
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis	hellbender	Cryptobranchidae	Highest
Aneides aeneus	green salamander	Plethodontidae	High
Desmognathus aeneus	seepage salamander	Plethodontidae	High
Desmognathus apalachicolae	Apalachicola dusky salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Desmognathus auriculatus	southern dusky salamander	Plethodontidae	Highest
Desmognathus conanti	spotted dusky salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Desmognathus monticola	seal salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Desmognathus ocoee	Ocoee salamander	Plethodontidae	Moderate
Eurycea cirrigera	southern two-lined salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Eurycea guttolineata	three-lined salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Eurycea longicauda	long-tailed salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Eurycea lucifuga	cave salamander spotted-tail salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Eurycea quadridigitata	dwarf salamander	Plethodontidae	Moderate
Gyrinophilus palleucus	Tennessee cave salamander	Plethodontidae	High
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus ssp.	spring salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Hemidactylium scutatum	four-toed salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Phaeognathus hubrichti	Red Hills salamander	Plethodontidae	High/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as threatened Official state amphibian
Plethodon glutinosus	northern slimy salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Plethodon grobmani	southeastern slimy salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Plethodon mississippi	Mississippi slimy salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Plethodon serratus	southern redback salamander	Plethodontidae	Moderate
Plethodon ventralis	southern zigzag salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Plethodon websteri	Webster's salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Pseudotriton montanus flavissimus	Gulf Coast mud salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Pseudotriton ruber ruber	northern red salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Pseudotriton ruber vioscai	southern red salamander	Plethodontidae	Moderate
Necturus alabamensis	Alabama waterdog Black Warrior waterdog	Proteidae	High
Necturus beyeri	Gulf Coast waterdog speckled waterdog Beyer's waterdog	Proteidae	Low
Necturus maculosus	common mudpuppy	Proteidae	Low
Necturus species	Loding's waterdog	Proteidae	Low/ Taxonomy undescribed Known from lesser Gulf of Mexico drainages from Mobile Bay eastward.
Notophthalmus viridescens ssp.	eastern newt	Salamandridae	Lowest
Siren intermedia	lesser siren	Sirenidae	Lowest
Siren lacertina	greater siren	Sirenidae	Moderate
Siren reticulata	reticulated siren/leopard eel	Sirenidae	Undetermined Species identified in 2018 Known from two locations in the southern pin plains and hills of the state.

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c Mirarchi, Ralph E. (2004). Alabama Wildlife: Volume One. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press. pp. 105–118. ISBN 978-0-81735-1304.
^ Alden, Peter (1999). National Audubon Society Field Guide to the Southeastern States. New York, New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 256–262. ISBN -0-679-44683-4.
^ "Frogs". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 14, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
^ "Salamanders". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 28, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
^ "Amphibians in Alabama". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.

[alawildlife-1] Mirarchi, Ralph E. (2004). Alabama Wildlife: Volume One. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press. pp. 105–118. ISBN 978-0-81735-1304.

[2] Alden, Peter (1999). National Audubon Society Field Guide to the Southeastern States. New York, New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 256–262. ISBN -0-679-44683-4.

[outalafrogs-3] "Frogs". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 14, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.

[outalasalamanders-4] "Salamanders". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 28, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.

[outalaamphib-5] "Amphibians in Alabama". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.

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