List of Florida ballot measures
| Elections in Florida |
|---|
 |
 Government |
The U.S. state of Florida has had a system of direct voting since 1886, as the Florida Constitution of 1885 required voter approval for all constitutional amendments. Since then, the system has undergone several overhauls. In 1968, voters approved an amendment creating an initiative and referendum system.[1]
Background[edit]
The Florida Constitution of 1885 carried a section requiring voter approval for all constitutional amendments.[2] This system remained largely unchanged until 1968, when an amendment was passed creating a system by which citizens could place amendments on the ballot using the initiative process.[3] Since then, state officials have regularly attempted to restrict the systems use, including by charging for signature verification, requiring amendments to reach 60% approval to pass, and restricting signature collection.[3] As a result of these restrictions, Florida is one of the few states in which paid signature collectors are commonplace.[4] In 2021, the state legislature passed a bill limiting individual contributions to ballot measure campaigns to $3,000, claiming that such a restriction would reduce fraud. In 2022, a federal judge blocked the bill from going into effect, citing donors First Amendment rights as the core legal reasoning.[5][6]
Some ballot measures passed in Florida have been the subject of controversy or extended discussion. In 2000, a ballot measure requiring a high-speed rail project be started within 3 years was passed.[7] The measure, which had been the subject of lengthy legal proceedings before making it onto the ballot, was estimated to cost at least $5 billon.[8][9] After several years of little progress, a second ballot measure repealing the requirement passed with 64% of the vote in 2004.[10] In 2008, Amendment 2 banning same-sex marriages passed with 62% of the vote, along with similar measures in Arizona, Florida, and Arkansas.[11] A study of the vote by the University of Florida later found that lower education levels were a strong predictor of support for the measure.[12] In 2018, Florida voters passed Amendment 4, which extended voting rights to most former felons who had completed their sentences.[13] Despite passing with 65% of the vote, state officials were slow to implement the updated guidelines, preventing many newly eligible voters from voting for several years.[14] In 2022, Amendment 4 was reintroduced to the public eye after Governor Ron DeSantis announced the prosecution of twenty former felons who had been misled into thinking they were eligible to vote under the Amendment.[15][16]
Several academic studies of Florida ballot measures and their connections to other aspects of the political sphere have been conducted. A study of the language used by ballot measures found that voters were more likely to support ballot measures with a "local" framing than ones with a statewide or national framing.[17] Another study examining petition signing found that Florida residents who signed ballot measure petitions were significantly more likely to vote in the upcoming election regardless of whether the measure they supported made it to the ballot.[18] An analysis of newspaper endorsements found that even if voters in Florida disagreed with a newspaper's political alignment, a newspaper's endorsement of a ballot measure was positively connected to that measure passing or failing.[19]
Types of ballot measures[edit]
There are several types of ballot measures in Florida, including a mix of citizen-initiated types and government-initiated types.[20][19]
- Citizen-initiated constitutional amendments, which are placed on the ballot after receiving signatures equal to at least 8% of voters in the previous election in at least 14 of Florida's congressional districts
- Legislatively-referred constitutional amendments, which are placed on the ballot after being passed by the legislature
- Commission-referred constitutional amendments, which are placed on the ballot by the authority of the Florida Constitution Revision Commission
- Advisory questions, automatic ballot referrals, constitutional convention referrals, and legislatively referred state statues have also appeared on the ballot occasionally
1800s[edit]
1886[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constitution of 1885 | A measure to formally adopt the Constitution of Florida[21] | Passed[21] | 31,803 (59.95%) | 21,243 (40.05%) |
| Local Option Amendment | A constitutional amendment to allow localities to prohibit alcohol[22] | Passed[22] | -- | -- |
1890[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to State Representatives every two years[23] | Passed[24] | -- | -- |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to set the size of the Florida Legislature and establish term limits for state legislators[23] | Passed[25] | -- | -- |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to hold general elections every two years[23] | Passed[26] | -- | -- |
1892[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment creating a property tax exemption for widows[27] | Failed[27] | -- | -- |
1894[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to transfer the responsibility to pay trial costs to the counties where the crime was committed[28] | Passed[29] | 9,755 (53.76%) | 8,392 (46.24%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to extend voting rights to men aged 18 years and older[30] | Passed[29] | 11,691 (67.36%) | 5,664 (32.64%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment modifying how the state school fund is distributed[31] | Passed[29] | 10,126 (52.52%) | 9,154 (47.48%) |
1896[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Article 16, Section 6 | A constitutional amendment requiring the legislature and supreme court to publicize newly enacted laws and decisions[32] | Passed[33] | 8,870 (93.00%) | 667 (7.00%) |
| Article 3, Section 17 | A constitutional amendment modifying legislature proceedings[32] | Passed[33] | 7,786 (91.88%) | 688 (8.12%) |
| Article 4, Section 12 | A constitutional amendment providing the Governor, Secretary of State, Comptroller, Attorney General, and Commissioner of Agriculture with the ability to grant pardons[32] | Passed[33] | 7,352 (92.62%) | 586 (7.38%) |
| Article 5, Section 22 | A constitutional amendment establishing the authority of Justices of the Peace[32] | Passed[33] | 8,327 (94.78%) | 459 (5.22%) |
| Changing State Elections to November | A constitutional amendment moving the general election date from October to November[32] | Passed[33] | 8,389 (83.60%) | 1,646 (16.40%) |
1898[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Article 16, Section 13 | A constitutional amendment modifying the ability of state, county, and municipal governments to issue bonds[34] | Passed[35] | 11,582 (90.12%) | 1,270 (9.88%) |
| Article 5, Section 35 | A constitutional amendment limiting the establishment of new courts[34] | Passed[35] | 12,061 (91.63%) | 1,102 (8.37%) |
| Article 3, Section 34 | A constitutional amendment establishing procedures for the impeachment of state officials[34] | Passed[35] | 11,145 (93.54%) | 770 (6.46%) |
1900–1949[edit]
1900[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Article 7, Section 4 | A constitutional amendment to ensure representation in the state legislature for new counties[36] | Passed[37] | 5,947 (58.70%) | 4,184 (41.30%) |
| Article 3, Section 25 | A constitutional amendment prohibiting special incorporation laws[36] | Passed[37] | 5,650 (57.84%) | 4,118 (42.16%) |
| Article 8, Section 5 | A constitutional amendment modifying the election procedures for county commissioners[36] | Passed[37] | 8,243 (70.75%) | 3,408 (29.25%) |
| Article 16, Section 12 | A constitutional amendment defining the state seal and state flag[36] | Passed[37] | 5,088 (57.12%) | 3,819 (42.88%) |
1902[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to increase the number of justices and modify the procedures of the Florida Supreme Court[38] | Passed[39] | 5,515 (63.67%) | 3,147 (36.33%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to create eight state judicial circuits[38] | Passed[39] | 5,170 (62.87%) | 3,053 (37.13%) |
1904[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to increase the term length for some county officials[40] | Failed[41] | 4,983 (46.25%) | 5,791 (53.75%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to increase the maximum county tax for schools[40] | Passed[41] | 5,933 (52.60%) | 5,346 (47.70%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to establish county-level courts[40] | Failed[41] | 3,750 (38.37%) | 6,023 (61.63%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment allowing tax exemptions for manufacturing businesses[40] | Failed[41] | 3,140 (34.13%) | 6,059 (65.87%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment preventing Supreme Court decisions from going into effect until after being filed[40] | Failed[41] | 3,840 (45.04%) | 4,685 (54.96%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment creating a new court at the state level[40] | Failed[41] | 2,534 (30.06%) | 5,897 (69.94%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment to require all municipalities to use the same system of government[40] | Failed[41] | 3,438 (41.95%) | 4,758 (58.05%) |
1906[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to create a board of drainage commissioners[42] | Failed[43] | 8,787 (37.30%) | 14,771 (62.70%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to set the salaries of Supreme Court and Circuit Judges at $4,000 and $3,500 a year respectively[42] | Failed[43] | 6,752 (38.40%) | 10,830 (61.60%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to set salaries for judges in various Criminal Courts of Record[42] | Failed[43] | 6,265 (39.17%) | 9,729 (60.83%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to create a Court of Record for Escambia County[42] | Failed[43] | 5,577 (38.77%) | 8,806 (61.23%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment to modify the process of amending the Florida Constitution[42] | Failed[43] | 5,322 (36.06%) | 9,436 (63.94%) |
1908[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to allow the legislature to set judicial salaries[44] | Failed[45] | 6,835 (47.78%) | 7,469 (52.22%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment creating a tax to support some higher education facilities in Florida[44] | Failed[45] | 6,961 (48.21%) | 7,477 (51.79%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment outlining a process for the creation of new judicial circuits[44] | Failed[45] | 6,150 (47.31%) | 6,850 (52.69%) |
1910[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to allow the creation of additional judicial circuits[46] | Passed[47] | 15,246 (51.34%) | 14,453 (48.66%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to create a Court of Record for Escambia County[46] | Passed[47] | 15,041 (52.79%) | 13,450 (47.21%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to prohibit the sale of alcohol[46] | Failed[47] | 24,506 (45.57%) | 29,271 (54.43%) |
1912[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to add a Judge to the Circuit Court of Duval County[48] | Passed[49] | 18,051 (85.52%) | 3,057 (14.48%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to allow localities to create school tax districts[48] | Passed[49] | 16,348 (80.29%) | 4,014 (19.71%) |
1914[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to restructure the position of County Treasurer[50] | Passed[51] | 14,164 (67.99%) | 6,668 (32.01%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to restructure the organization of the State Militia[50] | Passed[51] | 10,356 (68.34%) | 4,798 (31.66%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to restructure the statewide court system[50] | Passed[51] | 8,998 (66.66%) | 4,500 (33.34%) |
1916[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment providing a property tax exemption to widows[52] | Passed[53] | 20,859 (62.27%) | 12,641 (37.73%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment restructuring the allocation of state senators and representatives per county[52] | Failed[53] | 10,258 (36.59%) | 17,774 (63.41%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment restricting voting rights to male property owners over the age of 21[52] | Failed[53] | 10,518 (34.82%) | 19,688 (65.18%) |
1918[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to require counties to collect a school property tax[54] | Passed[55] | 21,895 (67.13%) | 10,723 (32.87%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to prohibit the sale of alcohol[54] | Passed[55] | 21,851 (61.62%) | 13,609 (38.38%) |
1920[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to allow the legislature to issue bonds for the purpose of infrastructure development[56] | Failed[57] | 34,504 (38.76%) | 54,510 (61.24%) |
1922[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to allow the legislature to create school districts and taxes to fund them[58] | Passed[59] | 31,952 (76.52%) | 9,804 (23.48%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to allow the state to add additional circuit court judges if necessary[58] | Passed[59] | 21,631 (65.84%) | 11,222 (34.16%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to allow state officials salaries to be paid monthly[58] | Passed[59] | 26,731 (77.49%) | 7,766 (22.51%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to restructure the organization of the state legislature[58] | Failed[59] | 14,369 (42.09%) | 19,771 (57.91%) |
1924[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to prohibit a state income or state inheritance tax[60] | Passed[61] | 60,640 (80.83%) | 14,386 (19.17%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to grant the legislature the ability to supersede Duval County's government[60] | Failed[61] | 23,342 (41.54%) | 32,850 (58.46%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to allow the legislature to create school districts and taxes to fund them[60] | Passed[61] | 38,036 (70.35%) | 16,032 (29.65%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to restructure the organization of the state legislature[60] | Passed[61] | 38,139 (73.00%) | 14,108 (27.00%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment to restructure taxation by the state[60] | Passed[61] | 36,971 (69.42%) | 16,289 (30.58%) |
1926[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to clarify revenue sources for the County School Fund[62] | Passed[63] | 26,401 (62.77%) | 15,662 (37.23%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to make the Chief Justice position on the Florida Supreme Court an elected position by other members of the Court[62] | Passed[63] | 20,068 (63.33%) | 11,621 (36.67%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to grant some non-citizens the right to own property in Florida[62] | Passed[63] | 18,574 (57.61%) | 13,668 (42.39%) |
1928[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment restructuring the legislature's power to set laws relating to cities and towns[64] | Failed[65] | 36,194 (47.08%) | 40,680 (52.62%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment requiring the publications of some changes to state law before they go into effect[64] | Passed[65] | 41,629 (56.94%) | 31,487 (43.06%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to grant the legislature more control over the structure of school districts[64] | Failed[65] | 31,048 (41.63%) | 43,534 (58.37%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to modify the pay structure for state legislators[64] | Failed[65] | 33,579 (45.68%) | 39,932 (54.32%) |
1930[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to require voter approval for bonds issued by local governments[66] | Passed[67] | 48,814 (86.74%) | 7,461 (13.26%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to allow the state to enact an inheritance tax[66] | Passed[67] | 47,725 (85.06%) | 8,380 (14.94%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to temporarily exempt some manufacturing plants from taxation[66] | Passed[67] | 40,723 (73.95%) | 14,342 (26.05%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to restrict the taxes that can be placed on motor vehicles[66] | Passed[67] | 53,088 (86.86%) | 8,033 (13.14%) |
1932[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to restructure the form of county government[68] | Failed[69] | 52,612 (40.13%) | 78,505 (59.87%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to restructure the composition of the Florida Supreme Court[68] | Failed[69] | 38,445 (32.94%) | 78,265 (67.06%) |
1934[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to allow the legislature to create up to fifteen judicial circuits[70] | Passed[71] | 101,086 (78.42%) | 27,813 (21.58%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to provide a homestead exemption of up to $5,000 ($113,881 in 2022).[70] | Passed[71] | 123,484 (75.15%) | 40,842 (24.85%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to allow localities to overturn alcohol prohibition[70] | Passed[71] | 98,851 (69.92%) | 42,532 (30.08%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to require a grand jury in capital crime cases[70] | Passed[71] | 72,093 (67.47%) | 34,759 (32.53%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment to establish a uniform system for local governments[70] | Passed[71] | 71,476 (70.40%) | 30,057 (29.60%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment to provide tax exemptions to movie productions[70] | Passed[71] | 70,642 (62.12%) | 43,068 (37.88%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment to allow the legislature to create a municipal corporation called the City of Jacksonville[70] | Passed[71] | 63,976 (65.52%) | 33,674 (34.48%) |
1936[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| City of Key West Amendment | A constitutional amendment to allow the legislature to create a municipal corporation called the City of Key West[72] | Passed[73] | 114,460 (84.36%) | 21,228 (15.64%) |
| State Social Security Act Amendment | A constitutional amendment to establish a statewide Social Security System[72] | Passed[73] | 197,927 (92.03%) | 17,149 (7.97%) |
1938[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to create a tax exemption for real property[74] | Passed[75] | ||
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to require state laws relating to localities be uniform[74] | Passed[75] | ||
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to allow the legislature to raise funds for a state school system[74] | Passed[75] | ||
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to create the Florida National Guard[74] | Passed[75] |
1940[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to prohibit some forms of property tax[76] | Passed[77] | ||
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to create a Parole Commission[76] | Passed[77] | ||
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to allow gambling taxes be distributed equally across the country[76] | Passed[77] | ||
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment creating a seventh supreme court justice[76] | Passed[77] | ||
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment modifying the county commissioners system[76] | Failed[77] | ||
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment creating a widow's tax exemption[76] | Passed[77] |
1942[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to create a Florida State Board of Administration[78] | Passed[79] | 80,208 (84.85%) | 14,322 (15.15%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment allowing the state legislature to place constitutional amendments on the ballot[78] | Passed[79] | 47,490 (63.59%) | 27,189 (36.41%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment creating the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission[78] | Passed[79] | 49,492 (61.53%) | 30,948 (38.47%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment making circuit judges an elected position[78] | Passed[79] | 50,046 (66.79%) | 24,879 (33.21%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment creating a commission to oversee salt water fish[78] | Passed[79] | 49,083 (61.48%) | 30,754 (38.52%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment modifying the Senate district system[78] | Failed[79] | 25,509 (39.10%) | 39,727 (60.90%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment restructuring the Dale County Commissioners Districts[78] | Passed[79] | 37,579 (54.24%) | 31,707 (45.76%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment restricting how much of a person's income can be seized to pay for debt[78] | Failed[79] | 25,713 (35.29%) | 47,152 (64.71%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment creating some property tax exemptions for corporations[78] | Failed[79] | 19,176 (24.60%) | 58,773 (75.40%) |
1944[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to create special tax rates for some forms of property[80] | Passed[81] | 95,632 (66.63%) | 47,904 (33.37%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment modifying the Senatorial district system[80] | Failed[81] | 63,304 (47.51%) | 69,953 (52.49%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment modifying the Justices of the Peace system[80] | Passed[81] | 94,312 (66.62%) | 47,248 (33.38%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment making state attorneys, judges, and county solicitors elected positions[80] | Passed[81] | 91,276 (65.28%) | 48,549 (34.72%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment establishing right to work laws[80] | Passed[81] | 147,860 (54.64%) | 122,770 (45.36%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment modifying the county and town classification system[80] | Failed[81] | 69,364 (49.00%) | 72,186 (51.00%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment establishing term limits for some elected positions[80] | Passed[81] | 89,760 (66.99%) | 44,230 (33.01%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment providing that each county have five county commissioners[80] | Passed[81] | 84,548 (56.54%) | 64,986 (43.46%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment modifying the tax assessment system in Hillsborough County[80] | Passed[81] | 72,376 (59.28%) | 49,707 (40.72%) |
1946[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment modifying county offices and taxation in Orange County[82] | Passed[83] | ||
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment modifying the tax assessment system in Hillsborough County[82] | Failed[83] | ||
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment modifying the tax assessment system in Bay County[82] | Failed[83] | ||
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment creating the position of director of the budget[82] | Failed[83] | ||
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment modifying legislative appropriations[82] | Failed[83] | ||
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment modifying the judge election system in Escambia County[82] | Failed[83] |
1948[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment requiring that all taxes on gasoline be used for road projects[84] | Failed[85] | 73,184 (25.73%) | 211,248 (74.27%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment allowing the legislature to issue bonds for the purpose of funding education[84] | Failed[85] | 59,210 (24.61%) | 181,427 (75.39%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment creating two new senatorial districts[84] | Failed[85] | 65,729 (34.72%) | 123,595 (65.28%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment modifying the pay structure for members of the legislature[84] | Passed[85] | 109,778 (57.43%) | 81,373 (42.57%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment modifying the system for proposing constitutional amendments[84] | Passed[85] | 87,364 (51.96%) | 80,776 (48.04%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment allowing retired judges to temporarily return for assignments[84] | Passed[85] | 102,896 (59.31%) | 70,595 (40.69%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment modifying the tax assessment system in Saint Lucie County[84] | Passed[85] | 87,539 (57.53%) | 64,617 (42.47%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment modifying the tax assessment system in Broward County[84] | Passed[85] | 86,519 (57.67%) | 63,506 (42.33%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment modifying the tax assessment system in Volusia County[84] | Passed[85] | 84,482 (57.57%) | 62,257 (42.43%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment modifying the tax assessment system in Pinellas County[84] | Passed[85] | 85,302 (58.54%) | 60,405 (41.46%) |
| Amendment 11 | A constitutional amendment modifying the election system in Escambia County[84] | Passed[85] | 79,036 (52.93%) | 70,299 (47.07%) |
1950–1999[edit]
1950[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment establishing a juvenile court system[86] | Passed[87] | 116,313 (79.20%) | 30,540 (20.80%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment replacing the state census with the federal census[86] | Passed[87] | 96,145 (65.86%) | 49,848 (34.14%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment requiring laws be single subject[86] | Passed[87] | 105,053 (78.49%) | 28,793 (21.51%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment creating a new judicial circuit for Monroe County[86] | Passed[87] | 65,531 (52.96%) | 58,216 (47.04%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment allowing large counties to have additional judges[86] | Passed[87] | 91,029 (67.88%) | 43,081 (32.12%) |
1952[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment diverting money from motor vehicle license fees to education funding[88] | Passed[89] | 355,734 (63.54%) | 204,163 (36.46%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment modifying various rules relating to the judiciary[88] | Failed[89] | 103,531 (26.08%) | 293,474 (73.92%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment allowing for county home rule[88] | Failed[89] | 175,117 (42.94%) | 232,741 (57.06%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment providing an additional judge to the second judicial circuit[88] | Failed[89] | 39,655 (38.29%) | 225,095 (61.71%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment creating a new senatorial district for Bay and Washington counties[88] | Failed[89] | 103,762 (29.98%) | 242,323 (70.02%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment creating a new senatorial district for Monroe County[88] | Failed[89] | 106,832 (31.48%) | 232,504 (68.52%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment modifying the tax assessment system in Monroe County[88] | Failed[89] | 135,546 (40.90%) | 195,866 (59.10%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment modifying the balance of power in Dade County[88] | Failed[89] | 157,411 (45.31%) | 189,966 (54.69%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment modifying the tax assessment system in Lee County[88] | Failed[89] | 134,702 (41.91%) | 186,743 (58.09%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment modifying the court system in Escambia County[88] | Failed[89] | 134,628 (40.86%) | 194,841 (59.14%) |
| Amendment 11 | A constitutional amendment modifying the treasury system of Escambia County[88] | Failed[89] | 151,455 (45.77%) | 179,470 (54.23%) |
1954[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment providing for additional legislative sessions if requested by the legislature[90] | Passed[91] | 83,868 (56.43%) | 64,739 (43.56%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment prohibiting the use of state funds for toll roads over a certain length[90] | Failed[91] | 64,042 (43.20%) | 84,198 (56.80%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment allowing counties over a certain population to have an additional judge[90] | Passed[91] | 88,283 (61.52%) | 55,209 (38.48%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment extending the governor's veto period[90] | Passed[91] | 105,251 (68.14%) | 49,212 (31.86%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment allowing county tax assessors to also assess municipal taxes[90] | Passed[91] | 85,677 (59.01%) | 59,523 (40.99%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment modifying the tax assessment system in Monroe County[90] | Passed[91] | 74,780 (57.97%) | 54,210 (42.03%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment providing an additional judge for Escambia County[90] | Passed[91] | 81,926 (61.41%) | 51,491 (38.59%) |
1956[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment generally modifying the state court system[92] | Passed[93] | 372,838 (79.52%) | 96,037 (20.48%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment allowing for home rule in Dade County[92] | Passed[93] | 322,839 (69.99%) | 138,430 (30.01%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment providing for additional legislative sessions if requested by the legislature[92] | Passed[93] | 292,772 (68.77%) | 132,945 (31.23%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment reapportioning seats in the state legislature[92] | Failed[93] | 187,662 (39.41%) | 288,575 (60.59%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment providing additional judges for Duval County[92] | Passed[93] | 298,185 (73.53%) | 107,348 (26.47%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment removing the state Office of County Special Tax School District Trustees[92] | Passed[93] | 311,746 (72.63%) | 117,488 (27.37%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment allowing County Superintendents to be appointed in some counties[92] | Passed[93] | 282,295 (69.67%) | 122,897 (30.33%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment transferring some powers in Dade County[92] | Passed[93] | 270,344 (72.41%) | 102,999 (27.59%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment requiring money collected by Escambia County officers be paid into the general fund[92] | Passed[93] | 289,190 (75.81%) | 92,270 (24.19%) |
| Amendment 11 | A constitutional amendment providing for the creation of a Florida Civil Service System[92] | Passed[93] | 325,502 (75.37%) | 106,377 (24.63%) |
| Amendment 12 | A constitutional amendment providing for civil jury trials in Pinellas County[92] | Passed[93] | 286,668 (75.70%) | 91,998 (24.30%) |
1958[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment allowing the legislature to link proposed constitutional amendments so that all must pass for any to go into effect[94] | Failed[95] | 78,923 (27.62%) | 206,830 (72.38%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment transferring some powers in Hillsborough County[94] | Passed[95] | 147,438 (58.00%) | 106,761 (42.00%) |
1959[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment increasing the size of the state legislature | No | 146,601 (45.17%) | 177,955 (54.83%) |
1960[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment restructuring the district court system[96] | Passed[97] | 519,648 (79.24%) | 136,106 (20.76%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment providing for absentee registration for members of the armed forces and their families[96] | Passed[97] | 572,520 (84.27%) | 106,866 (15.73%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment making changes to the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission[96] | Failed[97] | 229,474 (33.98%) | 445,945 (66.02%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment modifying the state's tax collection ability[96] | Failed[97] | 296,561 (45.07%) | 361,389 (54.93%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment providing for civil jury trials in some localities[96] | Passed[97] | 425,053 (73.57%) | 152,702 (26.43%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment providing for civil jury trials in Brevard County[96] | Passed[97] | 446,166 (76.48%) | 137,198 (23.52%) |
1962[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment reapportioning the Florida State Legislature[98] | Failed[99] | 306,442 (45.08%) | 373,259 (54.92%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment allowing school superintendents be an appointed position[98] | Passed[99] | 341,434 (62.20%) | 207,534 (37.80%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment modifying the legislature's impeachment power[98] | Passed[99] | 310,267 (56.95%) | 234,505 (43.05%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment providing for civil jury trials in Pasco County[98] | Passed[99] | 312,754 (68.21%) | 145,788 (31.79%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment transferring some powers in Duval County[98] | Passed[99] | 292,747 (66.27%) | 149,012 (33.73%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment increasing the number of judges[98] | Failed[99] | 226,200 (43.17%) | 297,757 (56.83%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment revising the preamble to the constitution[98] | Passed[99] | 353,454 (71.33%) | 142,084 (28.67%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment modifying Florida's coastal boundaries[98] | Passed[99] | 354,983 (74.11%) | 124,030 (25.89%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment generally modifying wording[98] | Passed[99] | 340,288 (71.67%) | 134,517 (28.33%) |
1963[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment modifying election timelines for statewide positions[100] | Passed[101] | 254,619 (53.06%) | 225,255 (46.94%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of supporting higher education[100] | Passed[101] | 313,859 (65.28%) | 166,959 (34.72%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of supporting outdoor recreation and conservation[100] | Passed[101] | 263,195 (56.01%) | 206,699 (43.99%) |
1964[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment reapportioning the state legislature[102] | Failed[103] | 345,637 (34.93%) | 643,832 (65.07%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment making College Board positions term-limited[102] | Passed[103] | 507,225 (57.53%) | 374,380 (42.47%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment modifying where funds from motor vehicle licensing are directed[102] | Passed[103] | 509,207 (57.72%) | 372,936 (42.28%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment modifying school funding[102] | Failed[103] | 363,008 (39.88%) | 547,231 (60.12%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment allowing school superintendents to be appointed in some areas[102] | Passed[103] | 507,445 (61.09%) | 323,203 (38.91%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment allowing the school superintendent of Taylor County be appointed[102] | Passed[103] | 494,480 (61.95%) | 303,659 (38.05%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment creating a crisis plan in case of emergency to ensure government continuity[102] | Passed[103] | 602,980 (71.83%) | 236,423 (28.17%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment transferring control over public lands and immigration outside the purview of the Commissioner of Agriculture[102] | Passed[103] | 526,075 (65.87%) | 272,580 (34.13%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment allowing civil trials in Dade County[102] | Passed[103] | 528,235 (67.66%) | 252,462 (32.34%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment increasing the number of judicial circuits[102] | Passed[103] | 499,658 (62.36%) | 301,562 (37.64%) |
| Amendment 11 | A constitutional amendment providing additional avenues for amending the constitution[102] | Passed[103] | 420,006 (51.00%) | 403,565 (49.00%) |
| Amendment 12 | A constitutional amendment extending funding for the State Road Distribution Trust Fund[102] | Failed[103] | 246,443 (26.98%) | 667,114 (73.02%) |
| Amendment 13 | A constitutional amendment modifying the homestead exemption in Sarasota County[102] | Passed[103] | 458,981 (54.72%) | 379,772 (45.28%) |
1965[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment modifying the statewide court system[104] | Passed[105] | 394,039 (69.54%) | 172,633 (30.46%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment allowing for an additional judge in Lake County[104] | Passed[105] | 357,866 (67.61%) | 171,458 (32.39%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment modifying the power of Palm Beach County's clerks[104] | Passed[105] | 364,754 (70.98%) | 149,144 (29.02%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment authorizing bonds for the purpose of road construction[104] | Failed[105] | 275,016 (39.32%) | 424,434 (60.68%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment defining motor homes as "motor vehicles"[104] | Passed[105] | 339,427 (51.52%) | 319,436 (48.48%) |
1966[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment modifying the process of amending the constitution[106] | Passed[107] | 626,806 (82.87%) | 129,545 (17.13%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment clarifying the terms of employment for county superintendents[106] | Passed[107] | 499,991 (67.84%) | 237,069 (32.16%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment extending voting rights to more people[106] | Passed[107] | 515,212 (69.04%) | 231,088 (30.96%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment requiring the state flag conform with standard sizing[106] | Passed[107] | 549,678 (79.72%) | 139,792 (20.28%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment transferring power over county government from the state to the people[106] | Passed[107] | 451,458 (72.01%) | 175,464 (27.99%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment authorizing the legislature to require county judges be members of the Florida Bar Association[106] | Passed[107] | 506,088 (73.27%) | 184,646 (26.73%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment allowing the legislature to determine the number of county judges[106] | Passed[107] | 452,974 (68.98%) | 203,708 (31.02%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment creating the Judicial Qualifications Commission[106] | Passed[107] | 533,513 (78.88%) | 142,863 (21.12%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment modifying the structure of the court system[106] | Passed[107] | 431,291 (70.56%) | 179,952 (29.44%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment authorizing the Orange County commissioners to modify the district boundaries for their justices of the peace[106] | Passed[107] | 435,162 (72.25%) | 167,149 (27.25%) |
| Amendment 11 | A constitutional amendment mandating that property juries be composed of twelve jurors[106] | Passed[107] | 527,821 (80.44%) | 128,345 (19.56%) |
| Amendment 12 | A constitutional amendment providing for a special legislative session if necessary[106] | Passed[107] | 496,919 (76.94%) | 148,939 (23.06%) |
| Amendment 13 | A constitutional amendment exempting inventory and livestock from some taxes[106] | Passed[107] | 481,420 (66.78%) | 239,508 (33.22%) |
1968[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 (May 7) | A constitutional amendment allowing school district superintendents to be appointed[108] | Passed[109] | 286,264 (55.42%) | 230,245 (44.58%) |
| Amendment 1 (November 5) | A constitutional amendment generally modifying the Florida Constitution[110] | Passed[109] | 645,233 (55.42%) | 518,940 (44.58%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment modifying the Constitution's language relating to voting rights[110] | Passed[109] | 625,980 (55.71%) | 497,752 (44.29%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to counties and cities[110] | Passed[109] | 625,347 (55.13%) | 508,962 (44.87%) |
1969[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment temporarily suspending the prohibition on bonds[111] | Passed[111] | -- | -- |
1970[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment providing the right to vote to those eighteen years or older[112] | Failed[113] | 501,764 (39.95%) | 754,282 (60.05%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment making eighteen the legal age of adulthood[112] | Failed[113] | 422,450 (34.56%) | 799,885 (65.44%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment restructuring the state court system[112] | Failed[113] | 503,992 (48.92%) | 526,328 (51.08%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of funding pollution control efforts[112] | Passed[113] | 819,629 (71.22%) | 331,250 (28.78%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment restricting the sale of submerged lands to situations where it matches the public interest[112] | Passed[113] | 680,223 (61.27%) | 429,917 (38.73%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment changing the term length of the state House of Representatives from two years to four years[112] | Failed[113] | 435,052 (39.18%) | 675,473 (60.82%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment modifying the system of payment for school construction[112] | Failed[113] | 488,442 (42.89%) | 650,500 (57.11%) |
1971[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment creating a corporate income tax[114] | Passed[115] | 841,433 (70.33%) | 355,023 (29.67%) |
1972[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment modifying the state trial court system[116] | Passed[117] | 933,221 (70.51%) | 390,223 (29.49%) |
| Amendment 2 (March 14) | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to establish a fund for student loans[116] | Passed[117] | 862,300 (65.56%) | 453,050 (34.44%) |
| Straw Poll 1 | An advisory question asking whether Floridians would support a constitutional amendment prohibiting forced busing[116] | Passed[117] | 1,103,856 (74.06%) | 386,724 (25.94%) |
| Straw Poll 2 | An advisory question asking whether Floridians supported equal opportunity in education[116] | Passed[117] | 1,065,393 (78.61%) | 289,839 (21.39%) |
| Straw Poll 3 | An advisory question asking whether Floridians supported a constitutional amendment allowing prayer in public schools[116] | Passed[117] | 1,133,079 (79.35%) | 294,848 (20.65%) |
| Referendum 1 | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of funding environmentally endangered lands[116] | Passed[117] | 1,256,292 (71.14%) | 509,679 (28.86%) |
| Amendment 2 (November 7) | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of acquiring land for conservation and outdoor recreation use[116] | Passed[117] | 1,284,817 (73.03%) | 474,514 (26.97%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment allowing citizen initiatives to modify multiple parts of the Florida Constitution[116] | Passed[117] | 1,157,648 (70.86%) | 476,165 (29.14%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment allowing motor vehicle license fees to be used to fund school construction[116] | Passed[117] | 1,191,118 (69.15%) | 531,520 (30.85%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment modifying the language related to property inheritance[116] | Passed[117] | 1,137,725 (67.20%) | 555,426 (32.80%) |
1974[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of school construction[118] | Passed[119] | 846,071 (65.40%) | 447,599 (34.60%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment extending the gas tax[118] | Failed[119] | 547,435 (44.04%) | 695,523 (55.96%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment changing the Tax Assessor to the Property Appraiser[118] | Passed[119] | 722,889 (57.51%) | 534,071 (42.49%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment requiring the Senate to approve members of the Game and Fresh Water commission[118] | Passed[119] | 859,517 (70.08%) | 366,965 (29.92%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment modifying the authority of the Judicial Qualifications Commission[118] | Passed[119] | 946,006 (78.17%) | 264,161 (21.83%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment allowing electric utilities to be governed by public-private partnerships[118] | Passed[119] | 658,790 (55.99%) | 517,926 (44.01%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment prohibiting discrimination based on disability[118] | Passed[119] | 974,892 (76.43%) | 300,633 (23.57%) |
1976[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 (March 9) | A constitutional amendment limiting the amount the state can tax for water management[120] | Passed[121] | -- | -- |
| Amendment 1 (November 2) | A constitutional amendment to require political candidates to publicly disclose their finances[122] | Passed[121] | 1,765,626 (79.26%) | 461,940 (20.74%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment changing the requirements for Supreme Court justices[122] | Passed[121] | 1,600,944 (75.23%) | 527,056 (24.77%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment modify the procedures of the Judicial Qualifications Commission[122] | Passed[121] | 1,514,623 (72.85%) | 564,441 (27.15%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment modifying property taxes and state bonds[122] | Failed[121] | 949,480 (46.35%) | 1,099,055 (53.65%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of housing finance[122] | Failed[121] | 974,184 (48.77%) | 1,023,416 (51.23%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment limiting the number of government employees to a percentage pegged to population[122] | Failed[121] | 986,727 (47.86%) | 1,074,822 (52.14%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment allowing the legislature to overrule state executive rules[122] | Failed[121] | 729,400 (37.61%) | 1,210,001 (62.39%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to increase retirement benefits[122] | Passed[121] | 1,254,413 (62.39%) | 756,043 (37.61%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment creating a commission to oversee the state capitol building and government mansion[122] | Failed[121] | 619,151 (30.16%) | 1,433,878 (69.84%) |
1978[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment revising nearly every aspect of the Florida Constitution[123] | Failed[124] | 623,703 (29.20%) | 1,512,106 (70.80%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment making sex discrimination illegal[123] | Failed[124] | 1,002,479 (43.10%) | 1,323,497 (56.90%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment changing to single-member legislative districts[123] | Failed[124] | 982,747 (46.88%) | 1,113,394 (53.12%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment eliminating the executive cabinet[123] | Failed[124] | 540,979 (25.10%) | 1,614,630 (74.90%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment creating a public service commission[123] | Failed[124] | 772,0666 (35.95%) | 1,375,548 (64.05%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment requiring circuit ad county judges to run for re-election every six years[123] | Failed[124] | 1,058,574 (49.14%) | 1,095,756 (50.86%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment revising tax laws[123] | Failed[124] | 779,389 (36.29%) | 1,368,346 (63.71%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment modifying the Florida State Board of Education[123] | Failed[124] | 771,282 (36.29%) | 1,353,986 (63.71%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment authorizing some casinos[123] | Failed[124] | 687,460
(28.55%) |
1,720,275 (71.45%) |
1980[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 (March 11) | A constitutional amendment changing the homestead tax exemption[125] | Passed[126] | 1,088,729 (69.59%) | 475,834 (30.41%) |
| Amendment 2 (March 11) | A constitutional amendment modifying the Supreme Court's jurisdiction[125] | Passed[126] | 940,420 (67.14%) | 460,266 (32.86%) |
| Amendment 1 (October 7) | A constitutional amendment providing a tax exemption for renewable energy devices[127] | Passed[128] | 1,042,685 (74.99%) | 347,766 (25.01%) |
| Amendment 2 (October 7) | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of building additional housing[127] | Passed[128] | 826,742 (57.20%) | 618,694 (42.80%) |
| Amendment 3 (October 7) | A constitutional amendment allowing for expanded tax exemptions for businesses[127] | Passed[128] | 916,043 (62.84%) | 541,630 (37.16%) |
| Amendment 4 (October 7) | A constitutional amendment expanding tax exemptions for homesteads[127] | Passed[128] | 1,251,096 (81.20%) | 289,620 (18.80%) |
| Amendment 5 (October 7) | A constitutional amendment exempting business inventory and livestock from taxation[127] | Passed[128] | 1,003,979 (69.41%) | 442,386 (30.59%) |
| Amendment 1 (November 4) | A constitutional amendment to abolish the Florida Constitution Revision Commission[129] | Failed[130] | 1,164,824 (43.50%) | 1,512,682 (56.50%) |
| Amendment 2 (November 4) | A constitutional amendment establishing a constitutional right to privacy[129] | Passed[130] | 1,722,987 (60.60%) | 1,120,302 (39.40%) |
| Amendment 3 (November 4) | A constitutional amendment changing the order of the legislative process[129] | Passed[130] | 1,763,624 (66.88%) | 873,211 (33.12%) |
| Amendment 4 (November 4) | A constitutional amendment allowing bonds to be issued for the purpose of improving water facilities[129] | Passed[130] | 1,826,026 (66.99%) | 899,906 (33.01%) |
| Amendment 5 (November 4) | A constitutional amendment modifying the state gas tax[129] | Passed[130] | 1,498,801 (55.63%) | 1,195,483 (44.37%) |
1982[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment providing a right for citizens to be free from unreasonable search and seizure[131] | Passed[132] | 1,440,523 (63.48%) | 828,571 (36.52%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment extending pretrial release to most people charged with a crime[131] | Passed[132] | 1,412,269 (60.63%) | 917,092 (39.37%) |
1984[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment extending the homestead exemption[133] | Passed[134] | 2,766,516 (79.01%) | 734,785 (20.99%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to disburse funds electronically[133] | Passed[134] | 2,467,025 (72.84%) | 919,675 (27.16%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment empowering the judicial nominating commissions to create standardized rules[133] | Passed[134] | 2,720,297 (82.15%) | 590,960 (17.85%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment declaring that legislators' speech is privileged[133] | Failed[134] | 1,110,743 (33.38%) | 2,216,910 (66.62%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment removing some restrictions relating to county commissioners[133] | Passed[134] | 2,150,510 (64.27%) | 1,195,654 (35.73%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment requiring county court judges be members of the Florida Bar Association[133] | Passed[134] | 2,529,436 (75.45%) | 823,219 (24.55%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment altering rules relating to state bonds[133] | Passed[134] | 2,095,916 (65.38%) | 1,109,900 (34.62%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment providing a levy to allow public education bonds[133] | Passed[134] | 2,553,332 (76.64%) | 778,114 (23.36%) |
1986[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment allowing the Florida Attorney General to appoint a prosecutor specifically working on multicircuit violations[135] | Passed[136] | 2,168,701 (72.78%) | 811,122 (27.22%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment allowing casino gambling in large hotels provided a county approves of gambling[135] | Failed[136] | 1,036,250 (31.65%) | 2,237,555 (68.35%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment modifying the homestead tax exemption[135] | Failed[136] | 1,127,438 (35.53%) | 2,045,473 (64.47%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment requiring the Florida Supreme Court to provide advisory opinions on the constitutionality of ballot measures[135] | Passed[136] | 1,988,841 (72.36%) | 759,691 (27.64%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment authorizing the Florida State Lottery[135] | Passed[136] | 2,039,437 (63.57%) | 1,168,858 (36.43%) |
1988[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to open county court judges to the possibility of impeachment[137] | Passed[138] | 2,840,296 (72.34%) | 1,085,751 (27.66%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to allow crime victims more information about criminal proceedings[137] | Passed[138] | 3,629,963 (90.19%) | 394,617 (9.81%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to change land classification procedures[137] | Passed[138] | 2,423,783 (67.12%) | 1,187,303 (32.88%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to allow the state to issue bonds for the purpose of funding new road construction[137] | Passed[138] | 2,141,987 (57.20%) | 1,602,965 (42.80%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment extending the widow's property tax exemption to widowers[137] | Passed[138] | 3,415,074 (85.19%) | 593,913 (14.81%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment creating the Florida Taxation and Budget Reform Commission[137] | Passed[138] | 2,111,320 (57.85%) | 1,538,470 (42.15%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment increasing county judge's terms from four years to six years[137] | Failed[138] | 1,493,839 (37.93%) | 2,444,181 (62.07%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment allowing the legislature to creating a system for processing civil traffic offenses[137] | Passed[138] | 2,736,373 (70.46%) | 1,147,126 (29.54%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment creating the Florida Department of Veterans Affairs and the Florid Department of Elderly Affairs[137] | Passed[138] | 2,723,848 (68.96%) | 1,225,915 (31.04%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment limiting damages in civil actions[137] | Failed[138] | 1,837,041 (43.41%) | 2,394,932 (56.59%) |
| Amendment 11 | A constitutional amendment classifying English as the official language of Florida[137] | Passed[138] | 3,457,039 (83.87%) | 664,861 (16.13%) |
1990[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment modifying the state legislature meeting schedule[139] | Passed[140] | 2,615,449 (83.60%) | 513,970 (16.40%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to mandate a three-day waiting period between purchase and delivery of a handgun[139] | Passed[140] | 2,840,912 (84.50%) | 522,248 (15.50%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment allowing localities to opt-out of some normally required spending[139] | Passed[140] | 2,031,557 (64.50%) | 522,248 (15.50%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment strengthening government transparency[139] | Passed[140] | 2,795,784 (87.70%) | 392,323 (12.30%) |
1992[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to allow the state to delay an election due to a state of emergency[141] | Passed[142] | 3,369,434 (71.60%) | 1,337,289 (28.40%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment expanding the public's ability to access government records and meetings[141] | Passed[142] | 3,883,637 (83.00%) | 793,232 (17.00%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment permitting localities to authorize property tax exemptions for historic properties[141] | Passed[142] | 2,908,745 (62.40%) | 1,752,490 (37.60%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment modifying the state budget process[141] | Passed[142] | 3,815,563 (82.70%) | 796,463 (17.30%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment requiring the state legislature pass a Taxpayer's Bill of Rights[141] | Passed[142] | 4,258,446 (90.02%) | 472,325 (9.98%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment authorizing localities to adopt a sales tax if approved by voters[141] | Failed[142] | 1,886,498 (40.04%) | 2,824,460 (59.96%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment continuing to require some tax revenue be dedicated to public school construction[141] | Passed[142] | 3,089,058 (67.90%) | 1,461,435 (32.10%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment adding term limits for most elected officials[141] | Passed[142] | 3,625,500 (76.77%) | 1,097,127 (23.23%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment limiting homestead property valuation increases to 3% annually[141] | Passed[142] | 2,493,761 (53.65%) | 2,154,752 (46.35%) |
1994[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment modifying the state legislature meeting schedule[143] | Passed[144] | 2,713,189 (73.96%) | 955,223 (26.04%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment limiting state revenue collections[143] | Passed[144] | 2,182,411 (59.44%) | 1,489,268 (40.56%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment prohibiting the use of entangling nets in Florida waters[143] | Passed[144] | 2,876,091 (71.70%) | 1,135,110 (28.30%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment limiting the governments power to raise revenue[143] | Passed[144] | 2,167,305 (58.14%) | 1,560,635 (41.86%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment authorizing casinos in some counties[143] | Failed[144] | 1,566,451 (38.71%) | 2,555,492 (61.29%) |
1996[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment requiring tax increase amendments reach a two-thirds threshold to go into effect[145] | Passed[146] | 3,372,915 (69.30%) | 1,497,485 (30.70%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment modifying the authority of the Florida Constitution Revision Commission[145] | Passed[146] | 2,733,993 (61.40%) | 1,720,193 (38.60%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment expanding the authority of the Judicial Qualifications Commission[145] | Passed[146] | 3,436,753 (74.90%) | 1,153,367 (25.10%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment increasing the sugar tax in support of conservation efforts[145] | Failed[146] | 2,328,016 (45.60%) | 2,774,806 (54.40%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment requiring polluters in the Everglades pay pollution reduction costs[145] | Passed[146] | 3,397,286 (68.10%) | 1,594,175 (31.90%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment establishing an Everglades trust fund[145] | Passed[146] | 2,825,819 (57.30%) | 2,108,286 (42.70%) |
1998[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment modifying property taxes[147] | Passed[148] | 1,970,419 (54.50%) | 1,646,069 (45.50%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment continuing death sentences if the method of execution is changed[147] | Passed[148] | 2,676,043 (72.76%) | 1,002,043 (27.24%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment increasing the homestead tax exemption for low-income seniors[147] | Passed[148] | 2,560,979 (68.50%) | 1,180,341 (31.50%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment clarifying that filing records at county branch offices is the same as filing them at a main office[147] | Passed[148] | 2,540,872 (74.10%) | 887,999 (25.90%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment creating the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission[147] | Passed[148] | 2,630,674 (72.30%) | 1,007,905 (27.70%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment describing children's education as "a paramount duty of the state"[147] | Passed[148] | 2,623,889 (71.00%) | 1,069,406 (29.00%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment modifying the judicial system at the circuit and county level[147] | Passed[148] | 2,028,165 (56.90%) | 1,536,523 (43.10%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment restructuring the state cabinet[147] | Passed[148] | 1,950,311 (55.50%) | 1,562,234 (44.50%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment strengthening language relating to basic rights[147] | Passed[148] | 2,416,324 (66.30%) | 1,230,683 (33.70%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment expanding some local property tax exemptions[147] | Failed[148] | 1,754,747 (49.83%) | 1,766,490 (50.17%) |
| Amendment 11 | A constitutional amendment relating to ballot access[147] | Passed[148] | 2,239,607 (64.10%) | 1,253,150 (35.90%) |
| Amendment 12 | A constitutional amendment allowing counties to establish their own background check requirement for gun purchases[147] | Passed[148] | 2,655,010 (72.00%) | 1,033,020 (28.00%) |
| Amendment 13 | A constitutional amendment updating language in the state constitution[147] | Passed[148] | 1,869,111 (55.00%) | 1,530,883 (45.00%) |
2000–[edit]
2000[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment requiring the government to construct a high-speed rail system | Passed[149] | 2,900,253 (52.66%) | 2,607,495 (47.34%) |
| Selection of Circuit Court Judges | A question regarding whether circuit court judges should be appointed rather than elected | Failed[149][a] | ||
| Selection of County Court Judges | A question regarding whether county court judges should be appointed rather than elected | Failed[149][b] |
2002[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to allow the death penalty to apply retroactively | Passed[150] | 3.169,542 (69.70%) | 1,377,678 (30.30%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to require the legislature to provide an economic impact statement for all ballot measures | Passed[150] | 3,583,379 (78.01%) | 1,010,254 (21.99%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to Miami-Dade County | Failed[150] | 1,982,160 (47.85%) | 2,160,512 (52.15%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to require a supermajority vote for laws relating to public meetings and records keeping | Passed[150] | 3,474,978 (76.64%) | 1,059,183 (23.36%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment extending the prohibition on indoor smoking to more environments | Passed[150] | 3,501,161 (70.97%) | 1,431,966 (29.03%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment to provide new property tax exemptions on senior housing | Passed[150] | 3,206,142 (67.30%) | 1,557,694 (32.70%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment requiring the creation of free, universal pre-kindergarten | Passed[150] | 2,868,500 (59.23%) | 1,974,408 (40.77%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment requiring the legislature to restrict maximum class sizes in public schools | Passed[150] | 2,550,201 (52.39%) | 2,317,671 (47.61%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment preventing the confinement of pigs during pregnancy | Passed[150] | 2,608,996 (54.75%) | 2,155,911 (42.25%) |
| Amendment 11 | A constitutional amendment creating a system of local trustee boards for the state university system | Passed[150] | 2,813,145 (60.52%) | 1,834,816 (39.48%) |
2004[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment allowing the legislature to pass a law requiring the notification of minor's guardians if a minor seeks an abortion | Passed[151] | 4,639,635 (64.67%) | 2,534,910 (35.33%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to change the deadline to file an initiative | Passed[151] | 4,574,361 (68.44%) | 2,109,013 (31.56%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to limit lawyer compensation from medical liability claim settlements | Passed[151] | 4,583,164 (63.58%) | 2,622,143 (36.38%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment allowing Miami-Dade and Broward counties to legalize slot machines | Passed[151] | 3,631,261 (50.83%) | 3,512,181 (49.17%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment to set the state minimum wage to $6.15 an hour, adjusted for inflation | Passed[151] | 5,198,514 (71.25%) | 2,097,151 (28.75%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment removing the constitutional requirement to build a high speed rail line | Passed[151] | 4,519,423 (63.72%) | 2,573,280 (36.28%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment allowing patients to request records of medical incidents at Florida medical facilities | Passed[151] | 5,849,125 (81.16%) | 1,358,183 (18.84%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment prohibiting doctors with multiple malpractice incidents from practicing medicine | Passed[151] | 5,121,841 (71.08%) | 2,083,864 (28.92%) |
2006[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to create a budget-planning committee jointly controlled by the Governor, State Senate, and State House of Representatives[152] | Passed[153] | 2,570,436 (59.84%) | 1,724,867 (40.16%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to require future constitutional amendments reach a 60% vote threshold to pass[154] | Passed[153] | 2,600,969 (57.78%) | 1,900,359 (42.22%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment creating a statewide tobacco education and prevention program[155] | Passed[153] | 2,786,935 (60.93%) | 1,787,230 (39.07%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment allowing counties to increase the homestead property tax exemption for seniors[156] | Passed[153] | 3,533,101 (76.39%) | 1,092,128 (23.61%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment lowering property taxes on disabled veterans[157] | Passed[153] | 3,552,441 (77.83%) | 1,011,958 (22.17%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment restricting the state's ability to use eminent domain[158] | Passed[153] | 3,047,420 (69.05%) | 1,365,950 (30.95%) |
2008[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 (January 29) | A constitutional amendment to substantially modify the property tax system for property owners who move to new properties[159] | Passed[160] | 2,667,543 (64.08%) | 1,495,270 (35.92%) |
| Amendment 1 (November 4) | A constitutional amendment to modify the legislature's power over foreign citizens property rights[161] | Failed[162] | 3,564,090 (47.93%) | 3,871,704 (52.07%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to define marriage as being between one man and one woman[163] | Passed[162] | 4,890,883 (61.92%) | 3,008,026 (38.08%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to exempt some home improvements from property tax[164] | Passed[162] | 4,351,975 (60.51%) | 2,839,825 (39.49%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to exempt properties under perpetual conservation protection from property tax[165] | Passed[162] | 4,875,162 (68.56%) | 2,235,969 (31.44%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment modifying property tax exemptions for waterfront properties[166] | Passed[162] | 4,983,313 (70.63%) | 2,072,041 (29.37%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment allowing localities to levy property taxes for the purpose of community college funding[167] | Failed[162] | 3,210,481 (43.55%) | 4,161,731 (56.45%) |
2010[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to allow candidates to repeal public financing of statewide candidates[168] | Failed[169][c] | 2,587,543 (52.49%) | 2,342,137 (47.51%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment expanding the homestead exemption to members of the military in certain circumstances[170] | Passed[169] | 3,936,526 (77.82%) | 1,122,053 (22.18%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment requiring that changes to local government comprehensive plans require voter approval[171] | Failed[169] | 1,682,177 (32.95%) | 3,424,204 (67.06%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment modifying the redistricting process[172] | Passed[169] | 3,155,149 (62.59%) | 1,885,860 (37.41%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment modifying the redistricting process[173] | Passed[169] | 3,153,199 (62.93%) | 1,857,748 (37.07%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment to change maximum class sizes in public schools to average class sizes[174] | Failed[169][c] | 2,751,878 (54.49%) | 2,298,001 (45.51%) |
2012[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to prohibit a universal healthcare system[175] | Failed[176] | 3,632,315 (48.50%) | 3,856,608 (51.50%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment providing property tax discounts to disabled veterans[177] | Passed[176] | 4,907,341 (63.25%) | 2,850,880 (36.75%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to modify the state's revenue limit[178] | Failed[176] | 3,204,350 (42.44%) | 4,346,740 (57.56%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to modify the state's homestead exemptions[179] | Failed[176] | 3,244,138 (43.18%) | 4,268,467 (56.82%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment to substantially reform the Judicial Qualifications Commission[180] | Failed[176] | 2,728,008 (36.95%) | 4,654,167 (63.05%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment to prohibit state funds being used for abortions[181] | Failed[176] | 3,511,354 (44.90%) | 4,308,408 (55.10%) |
| Amendment 8 | A constitutional amendment allowing state funds to be used to benefit religious organizations[182] | Failed[176] | 3,441,128 (44.53%) | 4,286,376 (55.47%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment authorizing the legislature to exempt surviving spouses of first responders from property tax[183] | Passed[176] | 4,747,536 (61.68%) | 2,950,083 (38.32%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment providing an exemption to ad valorem taxes on properties between $25,000 and $50,000 in value[184] | Failed[176] | 3,432,905 (45.49%) | 4,113,395 (54.51%) |
| Amendment 11 | A constitutional amendment allowing counties to offer property tax exemptions to low-income seniors[185] | Passed[176] | 4,717,827 (61.26%) | 2,984,270 (38.74%) |
| Amendment 12 | A constitutional amendment modifying the appointment process to the University System Board of Governors[186] | Failed[176] | 3,060,425 (41.55%) | 4,306,088 (58.45%) |
2014[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to fund the Florida Land Acquisition Trust Fund with 33% of revenue from excise taxes[187] | Passed[188] | 4,238,739 (74.96%) | 1,415,924 (25.04%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to legalize the use of medical marijuana for people with certain health conditions[189] | Failed[188][c] | 3,370,761 (57.62%) | 2,478,993 (42.38%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to provide the Governor of Florida greater ability to fill judicial vacancies[190] | Failed[188] | 2.576,737 (47.90%) | 2,802,541 (52.10%) |
2016[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to give Florida citizens the right to own solar energy equipment and prevent the subsidization of solar energy by other citizens[191] | Failed[192][c] | 4.560,682 (50.79%) | 4,418,788 (49.21%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to legalize the use of medical marijuana for people with certain health conditions[191] | Passed[192] | 6,518,919 (71.32%) | 2,621,845 (28.68%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment providing property tax exemptions to first responders permanently disabled in the line of duty[191] | Passed[192] | 7,495,226 (83.78%) | 1,451,074 (16.22%) |
| Amendment 4[d] | A constitutional amendment providing property tax exemptions to homeowners with renewable energy equipment[193] | Passed[194] | 1,975,257 (72.62%) | 744,891 (27.38%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment clarifying the rules surrounding property tax exemptions for elderly homeowners[191] | Passed[192] | 6,891,472 (78.30%) | 1,909,963 (21.70%) |
2018[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to provide a homestead exemption on the assessed value of homes between $100,000 and $125,000[195] | Failed[196][c] | 4,560,689 (58.06%) | 3,293,857 (41.94%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment to permanently adopt a limit on some property tax increases to 10% a year[195] | Passed[196] | 5,162,544 (66.49%) | 2,601,316 (33.51%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment to provide voters the exclusive right to determine whether to authorize casino gambling[195] | Passed[196] | 5,676,456 (71.47%) | 2,266,516 (28.53%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment to restore voting rights to most felons upon the completion of their sentences[195] | Passed[196] | 5,148,926 (64.55%) | 2,828,339 (35.45%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment requiring a two-thirds vote in the Florida State Legislature for all new taxes and tax increases[195] | Passed[196] | 5,164,658 (65.73%) | 2,693,174 (34.27%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment to encode victim's rights, increase the judicial retirement age to 75, and prohibit courts from utilizing state agency's interpretation of law[195] | Passed[196] | 4,835,950 (61.61%) | 3,013,601 (38.39%) |
| Amendment 7 | A constitutional amendment to provide death benefits to the spouses of first responders, active-duty military members, restrict the ability of the government to increase college fees, and encode the state university system[195] | Passed[196] | 5,148,300 (65.76%) | 2,680,942 (34.24%) |
| Amendment 9 | A constitutional amendment to ban offshore drilling in state waters and to ban vaping in indoor workplaces[195] | Passed[196] | 5,415,308 (68.92%) | 2,442,410 (31.08%) |
| Amendment 10 | A constitutional amendment to require the legislature to create a state Department of Veterans Affairs, a state Office of Domestic Security and Counter-Terrorism, modify the legislature meeting schedule, and prohibit counties from abolishing some local elected offices[195] | Passed[196] | 4,847,740 (63.15%) | 2,828,607 (36.85%) |
| Amendment 11 | A constitutional amendment to allow foreign-born people from owning property, repeal an outdated provision requiring the development of a high-speed rail system, and repeal a provision stating that changes to the criminal code do not affect penalties for crimes committed before the change[195] | Passed[196] | 4,680,526 (63.15%) | 2,852,468 (37.87%) |
| Amendment 12 | A constitutional amendment prohibiting public officials from engaging in paid lobbying while in office and for six years after leaving office[195] | Passed[196] | 6,116,404 (78.92%) | 1,633,249 (21.08%) |
| Amendment 13 | A constitutional amendment banning gambling on dog races in Florida[195] | Passed[196] | 5,407,543 (69.06%) | 2,423,126 (30.94%) |
2020[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to prohibit non-citizens from voting in Florida elections | Passed[197] | 8,307,109 (79.29%) | 2,169,684 (20.71%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment raising the state minimum wage to $15 an hour | Passed[197] | 6,391,753 (60.82%) | 4,117,815 (39.18%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment establishing a top-two open primary system for state offices | Failed[197][c] | 5,854,468 (57.03%) | 4,410,768 (42.97%) |
| Amendment 4 | A constitutional amendment requiring all voter-approved constitutional amendments to be approved two elections in a row before going into effect | Failed[197] | 4,853,402 (47.53%) | 5,356,792 (52.47%) |
| Amendment 5 | A constitutional amendment loosening restrictions on homeowners taking advantage of some property tax benefits | Passed[197] | 7,484,104 (74.49%) | 2,562,387 (25.51%) |
| Amendment 6 | A constitutional amendment allowing veteran's property tax benefits to transfer to their spouse upon death | Passed[197] | 9,305,503 (89.73%) | 1,065,308 (10.27%) |
2022[edit]
| Measure name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment to allow the legislature to prohibit flood resistance improvements from impacting a property's assessed value | Failed[198][c] | 4,215,542 (58.7%) | 2,968,686 (41.3%) |
| Amendment 2 | A constitutional amendment abolishing the Florida Constitution Revision Commission | Failed[199][c] | 3,744,873 (53.9%) | 3,206,717 (46.1%) |
| Amendment 3 | A constitutional amendment allowing the legislature to provide public service workers a $50,000 property tax exemption | Failed[200][c] | 4,015,949 (57.3%) | 2,997,125 (42.7%) |
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^ Vote was tabulated separately for each individual judicial circuit, each of which voted against the measure. Full results can be found at the reference.
- ^ Vote was tabulated separately for each individual county, each of which voted against the measure. Full results can be found at the reference.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Constitutional amendments on the ballot past 2006 require a 60% supermajority vote to pass.
- ^ Amendment was on the August 30 primary election ballot
References[edit]
- ^ "Florida". Initiative & Referendum Institute. Retrieved 2022-09-11.
- ^ King, A. H. (1887). Constitution of the State of Florida: Adopted by the Convention of 1885 together with an Analytical Index. Jacksonville: Dacosta Printing and Publishing House. pp. 35–36.
- ^ a b "Florida". Initiative & Referendum Institute. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ Schmidt, David (1991). Citizen Lawmakers: The Ballot Initiative Revolution. Temple University Press. p. 37. ISBN 9781439905111.
- ^ "A federal judge has blocked a Florida law that limits contributions for ballot initiatives". WFSU. 2022-06-16. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ Visnaw, Josh (2022-10-19). "What journalists need to know about potential threats to the ballot initiative process". The Journalist's Resource. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ Primo, David M.; Jares, Jake (2017-11-20). "Florida, High-Speed Rail, and the Perils of Policymaking by Constitution". Mercatus Center. Retrieved 2022-11-02.
- ^ Hauserman, Julie (2000-10-04). "Rail measure's next stop: ballot". Tampa Bay Times. p. 26. Retrieved 2022-11-02 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Kinsler, Laura (2000-12-01). "High-speed rail backer prepares funding plan". The Tampa Tribune. p. 20. Retrieved 2022-11-02 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Bullet train backers keep on chugging". News-Press. Associated Press. 2004-11-04. p. 8. Retrieved 2022-11-02 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Calif. voters ban gay marriage". News-Press. Associated Press. 2008-11-06. p. 14. Retrieved 2022-11-02 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Education played bigger role than race in approving gay marriage ban". University of Florida News. 2009-09-01. Retrieved 2022-11-02.
- ^ Gross, Samantha J. (2018-11-07). "Florida voters approve Amendment 4 on restoring felons' voting rights". Miami Herald. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ Mower, Lawrence; Taylor, Langston (2020-10-07). "In Florida, the Gutting of a Landmark Law Leaves Few Felons Likely to Vote". Propublica. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ Eger, Isaac (2022-11-01). "Recent Voter Fraud Arrests Threaten to Keep People Away From the Polls". Sarasota Magazine. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ Peterous, Siona (2022-10-28). "The backlash against Ron DeSantis's puzzling voter fraud arrests". Vox. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ Binder, Michael; Childers, Matthew; Johnson, Natalie (2015). "Campaigns and the Mitigation of Framing Effects on Voting Behavior: A Natural and Field Experiment". Political Behavior. 37 (3): 7160718. doi:10.1007/s11109-014-9292-2. JSTOR 43653510. S2CID 254945168 – via JSTOR.
- ^ Parry, Janine A.; Smith, Daniel A.; Henry, Shayne (2012). "The Impact of Petition Signing on Voter Turnout". Political Behavior. 34 (1): 132. doi:10.1007/s11109-011-9161-1. JSTOR 41488054. S2CID 254945744 – via JSTOR.
- ^ a b Fahey, Kevin; Weissart, Carol S.; Uttermark, Matthew J. (2018). "Extra, Extra, (Don't) Roll-off about it! Newspaper Endorsements for Ballot Measures". State Politics & Policy Quarterly. 18 (1): 93–113. doi:10.1177/1532440018759269. JSTOR 26973415. S2CID 85551837 – via JSTOR.
- ^ "Initiative Petition Handbook" (PDF). Florida Division of Elections. 2022-01-01. p. 13. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ a b "Florida constitutional Convention (1885)". State Archives of Florida Online Catalog. Archived from the original on 2015-01-07. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ a b "Florida Local Option Amendment (1886)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
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