Draft:Blockchain-based Service Network

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  • Comment: See the talk page for request for WP:THREE. S0091 (talk) 22:07, 16 January 2024 (UTC)
  • Comment: Note to next reviewer, I had rejected this draft due to the history and it still not being fixed. I have overturned my rejection due to an appeal from the last editor to submit it, this is a last chance decline. Seawolf35 T--C 04:29, 11 January 2024 (UTC)
  • Comment: This draft is still full of puffery and peacock words. It seems to also basically be an advert for BSN. Seawolf35 T--C 20:49, 9 January 2024 (UTC)
  • Comment: The following sources are not reliable so should not be use: CoinDesk (see WP:COINDESK), Forbes as it was written by a contributor rather than staff (see WP:FORBESCON), and LinkedIn (see WP:UGS). Much of this is supported by primary sources which should only be used very sparingly and given this backed by the government, government sources are also not independent so should be avoided. Same for press releases. Other sources largely rely on what BSN says about itself, so not independent. This is also written to promote BSN. S0091 (talk) 14:23, 27 November 2023 (UTC)
  • Comment: We're still short on reliable secondary sources on this topic. Stuartyeates (talk) 07:00, 1 November 2023 (UTC)


The Blockchain-based Service Network (BSN) is a non-cryptocurrency blockchain infrastructure that develops a distributed cloud environment within the existing clouds for businesses or institutions to build and manage distributed applications.[1] The BSN was founded in 2018 under the lead of the State Information Center of China, a government think tank under the National Development and Reform Commission, and was officially launched in 2019. Other founding members include China Mobile, China UnionPay, and Red Date Technology Limited.[2]

On April 25, 2020[3], The Blockchain-based Service Network (BSN) was announced for commercial use, categorized into Chinese and International operations.[4] On June 29, 2022, the BSN-DDC Network surpassed Ethereum’s transaction volume within a 24-hour period.[5]

Technology Stacks[edit]

The Blockchain-based Service Network functions as an infrastructure network rather than a standalone blockchain protocol.[6][7] It establishes a distributed cloud environment that uses blockchain as an operating system. [8][9]

Enterprise BSN[edit]

Enterprise BSN is an enterprise-level software platform integrated into public cloud, private cloud, or intranet for enterprises and institutions to embed a blockchain-based environment into their existing systems.[10] While traditional cloud environments handle centralized private IT systems, Enterprise BSN, working in parallel, manages distributed Multi-Party Systems or Public IT Systems and the lifecycle of blockchain applications on these systems.[11]

Public BSN[edit]

BSN-DDC Network[edit]

The BSN-DDC comprises Open Permissioned Blockchains (OPBs) that are adapted from public chain blueprints such as Ethereum to align with Chinese regulatory frameworks.[12] The network operates exclusively in Mainland China and adopts Distributed Digital Certificate technology, a “Chinese version of NFT,” as the certification and distributed database technology to be applied in business or government scenarios where digital proof is required.[13] The data center software of the BSN-DDC Network mandates permissions and KYC procedures.[14]

BSN-Spartan Network[edit]

The BSN Spartan Network is an open-source public infrastructure network built on the BSN Spartan data centers, which functions as the gateway to the network[15], operating exclusively outside Mainland China[16]. The BSN Spartan Network integrates Non-Cryptocurrency Public Chains (NC Chains), which are non-crypto hard forks derived from their respective original public chains.[2]

Bifurcated Operation[edit]

The BSN architecture is bifurcated between Chinese and international users.[1] BSN China operates under the guidance of the BSN Development Association (BSNDA), which is founded by Chinese government-linked entities and major state-owned enterprises and uses cloud infrastructure from China Mobile, China Telecom, and Baidu AI Cloud[17]. The BSN Spartan Network functions independently under the BSN Foundation based in Singapore, and uses Amazon Web Services[18] and other commercial cloud service providers in Hong Kong, USA, and Europe[17]. In November 2023, five founding members of the BSN Foundation were announced in Singapore: Blockdaemon, GFT Technologies, TOKO, Zeeve, and Red Date Technology, with membership from the USA, Europe, and Asia. [19]

On Nov 8, 2023, a U.S. bill[20], titled the Creating Legal Accountability for Rogue Innovators and Technology (CLARITY) Act, proposed to outlaw federal agencies from using the Blockchain-based Service Network (BSN) and its IT infrastructure service Spartan Network, along with the tech provider Red Date Technology over national security and privacy concerns.[21]  

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "THE CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY'S ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL AMBITIONS: SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY, NEW MOBILITY, CLOUD COMPUTING, AND DIGITAL CURRENCY" (PDF). uscc.gov. p. 200. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  2. ^ a b Kharpal, Arjun (2022-05-23). "China's state-backed blockchain company is set to launch its first major international project". CNBC. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  3. ^ "Commercial use of China's blockchain-based service network kicks off - Xinhua | English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  4. ^ Yuming, Lian (2022-09-05). Sovereignty Blockchain 2.0: New Forces Changing the World of Future. Springer Nature. ISBN 978-981-19-3862-7.
  5. ^ "Back to Fundamentals: Five Predictions for Crypto in 2023". Newman Capital. 4 January 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  6. ^ "China's New Belt and Road Has Less Concrete, More Blockchain". Bloomberg.com. 2021-03-24. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  7. ^ Ma, Winston (2021-01-19). The Digital War: How China's Tech Power Shapes the Future of AI, Blockchain and Cyberspace. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-119-74891-5.
  8. ^ "China Launches National Blockchain Network in 100 Cities - IEEE Spectrum". spectrum.ieee.org. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  9. ^ Dhuddu, Rajesh; Mahankali, Srinivas (2021-03-13). Blockchain in e-Governance: Driving the next Frontier in G2C Services (English ed.). BPB Publications. ISBN 978-93-90684-46-5.
  10. ^ Gordon, David; Nouwens, Meia (2022-11-29). The Digital Silk Road: China's Technological Rise and the Geopolitics of Cyberspace. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-88520-0.
  11. ^ "区块链系列报告四(Blockchain Series Report IV)" (PDF). Orient Securities. 18 January 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
  12. ^ Feng, Coco (25 January 2022). "China introduces state-backed NFT platform unlinked to cryptocurrencies". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  13. ^ Ma, Winston; Huang, Ken (2022-08-19). Blockchain and Web3: Building the Cryptocurrency, Privacy, and Security Foundations of the Metaverse. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-119-89110-9.
  14. ^ Harsono, Hugh (2022). "The Utilization of Web3 Native Resources to Create a Centralized Base of Authoritarian Power". Journal of International Affairs. 75 (1): 153–168. ISSN 0022-197X. JSTOR 27203126.
  15. ^ Shen, Xinmei (6 September 2022). "China's state-backed architect of non-crypto blockchain makes first major push outside mainland". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  16. ^ "China-Backed Crypto Guru Wants to Unify World's Blockchains". Bloomberg.com. 2020-07-26. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  17. ^ a b "Knowledge Base: Blockchain-based Service Network (BSN, 区块链服务网络)". digichina.stanford.edu. 2 July 2021. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  18. ^ "China May Have Banned Bitcoin, But Its Blockchain Ambitions May Help Other Nations Launch CBDCs". Nasdaq. 14 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  19. ^ "DLA Piper's TOKO amongst members of BSN Spartan blockchain foundation". Ledger Insights. 2023-11-17. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  20. ^ "Nunn Introduces Bipartisan Legislation To Combat Critical Chinese National Security Threat | Representative Nunn". nunn.house.gov. 2023-11-08. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  21. ^ "US lawmakers target Chinese blockchains in Web3 decoupling push". South China Morning Post. 2023-11-09. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
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