(612095) 1999 OJ₄

(612095) 1999 OJ₄
	Orbital diagram of 1999 OJ4
Discovery
Discovered by	Mauna Kea Obs.
Discovery site	Mauna Kea Obs.
Discovery date	18 July 1999
Designations
MPC designation	(612095) 1999 OJ4
Alternative designations	1999 OJ4
Minor planet category	TNO · cubewano; cold
Orbital characteristics
	Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
	Uncertainty parameter 4
Observation arc	9.21 yr (3,363 d)
Aphelion	39.013 AU
Perihelion	37.200 AU
Semi-major axis	38.107 AU
Eccentricity	0.0238
Orbital period (sidereal)	235.24 yr (85,921 d)
Mean anomaly	294.62°
Mean motion	0° 0m 15.12s / day
Inclination	3.9954°
Longitude of ascending node	127.44°
Argument of perihelion	285.68°
Known satellites	1 (D: 72 km; P: 84.12 d)
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	75 km
Mass	(0.4045±0.0063)×1018 kg (system)
Geometric albedo	0.1 (assumed); 0.225
Spectral type	B–V = 1.68; V–R = 0.682
Absolute magnitude (H)	7.1

(612095) 1999 OJ₄ (provisional designation 1999 OJ₄) is a trans-Neptunian object and binary system from the classical Kuiper belt, located in the outermost region of the Solar System. The bright cubewano belongs to the cold population and measures approximately 75 kilometers (47 miles) in diameter. It was first observed at Mauna Kea Observatory on 18 July 1999. Discovered in 2005, its minor-planet moon is just 3 kilometers smaller than its primary and has an orbital period of 84 days.^[1]^[6]

Orbit and classification[edit]

1999 OJ₄ orbit characterizes it as a classical Kuiper Belt object, or cubewano. Due to its nearly circular orbit and low inclination, it is also in the "cold" population of cubewanos. As a result, it is likely reddish in color.^[10]^[11]

Satellite[edit]

1999 OJ₄ has one moon, S/2005 (1999 OJ₄) 1. This moon was discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope^[9] on 5 October 2013. It orbits 3306±17 km away from 1999 OJ₄, completing one orbit every 84.1147±0.0050 d. The orbit has an eccentricity of 0.3683±0.0038.^[7]

At about 72 km, it is nearly the same size as 1999 OJ₄. From the surface of 1999 OJ₄, S/2005 (1999 OJ₄) 1 would have an apparent diameter of roughly 8.11°,^[a] over fourteen times the apparent size of the Sun from Earth.

Notes[edit]

^ Calculated by solving $\scriptstyle {\mathrm {tan} \left({\frac {\theta }{2}}\right)={\frac {\mathrm {radius~of~moon} }{\mathrm {distance~from~surface~of~asteroid~to~center~of~moon} }}}$ .

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c "(612095) 1999 OJ4". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 April 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 612095 (1999 OJ4)" (2008-10-01 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Johnston, Wm. Robert (2 January 2022). "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Asteroid 1999 OJ4". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
^ Marc W. Buie. "Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 99OJ4". SwRI (Space Science Department). Retrieved 3 December 2018.
^ ^a ^b Johnston, Wm. Robert (20 September 2014). "Asteroids with Satellites Database – 1999 OJ4". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
^ ^a ^b Grundy, W.M.; Noll, K.S.; Roe, H.G.; Buie, M.W.; Porter, S.B.; Parker, A.H.; Nesvorný, D.; Levison, H.F.; Benecchi, S.D.; Stephens, D.C.; Trujillo, C.A. (December 2019). "Mutual orbit orientations of transneptunian binaries". Icarus. 334: 62–78. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.03.035.
^ "LCDB Data for (1999+OJ4)". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 3 December 2018.
^ ^a ^b Grundy, W. M.; et al. (2009). "Mutual Orbits and Masses of Six Transneptunian Binaries". Icarus. arXiv:0812.3126. Bibcode:2009Icar..200..627G. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2008.12.008.
^ A. Doressoundiram; N. Peixinho; C. de Bergh; S. Fornasier; P. Thebault; M. A. Barucci; et al. (October 2002). "The Color Distribution in the Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (4): 2279. arXiv:astro-ph/0206468. Bibcode:2002AJ....124.2279D. doi:10.1086/342447.
^ Nuno Peixinho; Pedro Lacerda & David Jewitt (August 2008). "Color-inclination relation of the classical Kuiper belt objects". The Astronomical Journal. 136 (5): 1837. arXiv:0808.3025. Bibcode:2008AJ....136.1837P. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/136/5/1837.

External links[edit]

1999 OJ4 – System parameters, Lowell Observatory
List of Transneptunian Objects, Minor Planet Center
List of binary asteroids/TNOs, Johnston's Archive
Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info Archived 16 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine)
(612095) 1999 OJ4 at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- Ephemeris · Observation prediction · Orbital info · Proper elements · Observational info
(612095) 1999 OJ4 at the JPL Small-Body Database
- Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit diagram · Orbital elements · Physical parameters

[12] Calculated by solving $\scriptstyle {\mathrm {tan} \left({\frac {\theta }{2}}\right)={\frac {\mathrm {radius~of~moon} }{\mathrm {distance~from~surface~of~asteroid~to~center~of~moon} }}}$ .

[MPC-object-1] "(612095) 1999 OJ4". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 April 2022.

[jpldata-2] "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 612095 (1999 OJ4)" (2008-10-01 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 3 December 2018.

[johnstonsarchive-TNO-list-3] Johnston, Wm. Robert (2 January 2022). "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive.

[Ferret-4] "Asteroid 1999 OJ4". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 3 December 2018.

[Buie-5] Marc W. Buie. "Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 99OJ4". SwRI (Space Science Department). Retrieved 3 December 2018.

[johnstonsarchive-BIN-6] Johnston, Wm. Robert (20 September 2014). "Asteroids with Satellites Database – 1999 OJ4". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 3 December 2018.

[Grundy2019-7] Grundy, W.M.; Noll, K.S.; Roe, H.G.; Buie, M.W.; Porter, S.B.; Parker, A.H.; Nesvorný, D.; Levison, H.F.; Benecchi, S.D.; Stephens, D.C.; Trujillo, C.A. (December 2019). "Mutual orbit orientations of transneptunian binaries". Icarus. 334: 62–78. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.03.035.

[lcdb-8] "LCDB Data for (1999+OJ4)". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 3 December 2018.

[TNO_binaries-9] Grundy, W. M.; et al. (2009). "Mutual Orbits and Masses of Six Transneptunian Binaries". Icarus. arXiv:0812.3126. Bibcode:2009Icar..200..627G. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2008.12.008.

[KBOColor-10] A. Doressoundiram; N. Peixinho; C. de Bergh; S. Fornasier; P. Thebault; M. A. Barucci; et al. (October 2002). "The Color Distribution in the Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (4): 2279. arXiv:astro-ph/0206468. Bibcode:2002AJ....124.2279D. doi:10.1086/342447.

[KBOColor2-11] Nuno Peixinho; Pedro Lacerda & David Jewitt (August 2008). "Color-inclination relation of the classical Kuiper belt objects". The Astronomical Journal. 136 (5): 1837. arXiv:0808.3025. Bibcode:2008AJ....136.1837P. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/136/5/1837.

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